研究生英语综合教程上Unit3答案

高等院校研究生英语系列教材综合教程（上）综合教程（上）INTEGRATED COURSE2Unit 3 Leisure Activity Content Starting out Reading Focus Reading More Practical Translation Focused Writing Final ProjectTask 1Work in groups to interpret and comment on the quotations about leisure on Page 64.1. To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of civilization. Arnold Toynbee British economic historian and social reformerInterpretation: The quotation implies that how to spend leisure time in a smart way are a mirror of how civilized a society is.2. Leisure is the time for doing something useful. This leisure the diligent person will obtain; the lazy one never. Benjamin FranklinAmerican scientist, publisher and diplomatInterpretation: Whether one can benefit from leisure time or not depends largely on your attitude. If you are hardworking, then you may take full advantage of your time to promote self-development; but if you are lazy, chances are that you wont spend your leisure time getting down to something useful. 3. The real dividing line between things we call work and the things we call leisure is that in leisure, however active we may be, we make our own choices and our own decisions. We feel for the time being that our life is our own. William Raymond British novelist and criticInterpretation: The substantial difference between work and leisure consists in the extent of autonomy. It appears that during leisure time one is entitled to choose his own way enjoy his time to the fullest whereas in the workplace one is required to comply with rules and regulations.4. It is in his pleasure that a man really lives; it is from his leisure that he constructs the true fabric of self. Agnes RepplierAmerican essayist and biographerInterpretation: One can derive the true meaning of life from pleasure and happiness. But what makes a person who he is depends on how he spends his leisure time. 5. Those who decide to use leisure as a means of mental development, who love good music, good books, good pictures, good company, good conversation, are the happiest people in the world. And they are not only happy in themselves, they are the cause of happiness in others. William Lyon PhelpsAmerican educatorInterpretation: If you want to pursue happiness, then you should spend your leisure time in a positive way, which is helpful to enhancing your mental development. If you are happy, it is likely that you will bring happiness to others. Task 2 FMatch the classic line with its corresponding movie. (P64) Key:1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)ECAFBDTask 2FIs watching movies your favorite leisure activity? Which genre of movies do you like best? (P64)Useful words and expressions: documentary; literary film; anime; musical; comedy; dracula movie/ horror movie/ thriller; swordsmen film; action film; detective film/ whodunit; ethical film; feature film; mystery & suspense; sci-fi & fantasy; romance; newsreel; travelogue, etc Romance at the MoviesRomantic movies surely have a wide appeal for the audience. Now watch an interview about romance at the movies. Listen carefully and complete the blank-filling exercise.Brief Encounter (1945): Nothing gets more _ than that. No, this is no category script, David Lynns direction. It is a masterpiece of holding back and I think since it was made _, it was all about _ and keeping things together and its just brimming with the _ and the unacted-upon. _ love is the best kind. glamorousduring WWIIsacrificeunexpressedTorturedThe Lady Eve (1941): Harry Fonda learns that Barbara Stanwick is basically a skunk (讨厌鬼讨厌鬼) and but she _ she is somebody else and he falls in love with her again. And he learns that, you know, they are _, but they are never as bad as you think either. They were _. tricks him into thinkingnever as great as you thinkall just humanTruly Madly Deeply:Because she loves him so much that Alan Rickman comes back to Juliet Stevenson. Shes just one of the great _ of all time. One of the things I love about this is in pairing these two together is that in fact Alan Rickman and _ sit around watching Brief Encounter on televisionperfect little connection. Its just wonderful and in fact she does learn to _ and _ in her life who is living. crying scenes his ghost friends move on find a new lovely manThe Shop Around The Corner:It was a musical She Loves Me, about two people who _ and hated each others guts, but in fact, they had this whole secret life as _ and it is when you learn, that you know, the _ is one thing, the _ is another thing. And you know, its all crazy and mixed-up and it makes up sense. worked side by side pen palssurface soulEternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (2004):It is really an emotionally _ film. They have a surgery to have each other _. They loathe each other, but, no, they come to loathe each other, Jim Kerry and Kate Winslet loathe each other and yet even after a surgery to purge (purge: remove; get rid of) the _, they cannot get themselves _. So here is my design for living, for in-and-out of love with the same person all your life. violentremoved from each other memories out of their headsWhy Harrys Hot Global Understanding 2Detailed Information3Critical Thinking4Language Points5Vocabulary in Action6Background Information1Listen to a talk on J. K. Rowling, the author of Harry books, and answer the following questions.1) When was J. K Rowling born and what was her childhood dream?2) When did the idea of Harry Potter strike Rowling?3) When was the first Harry book released and what was the title of the book?4) When was the film version of the first book released?5) What is said about J. K Rowlings marriages?6) What problems did the Harry books encounter?Global Understanding1Introduction2Authors Comment3Conclusion(Paras. 1-4)(Paras. 5-9)(Para. 10)IntroductionA. The Harry Potter books appeal to an enormous number of people. The first three books have earned a conservatively estimated $480 million in 3 years. Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire promises to break all previous bookselling records. In Britain and North America, thousands of children rushed to claim their copies when Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire was on sale.B. Some parents and conservative religious leaders disapprove of the Harry Potter books because they think that these books _. Reading of the books has been challenged in 25 school districts and the books have been banned in schools in Kansas and Colorado.The Harry Potter books by J.K. Rowling have achieved huge success in spite of challenges.advocate witchcraftExample 1:Example 2:Example 3:Example:Global UnderstandingAuthors commentA. The Harry Potter books have much merits: They are beautifully crafted works of entertainment, the literary counterpart of Steven Spielberg. They amount to much more than just the sum of parts of childrens classic, and they can be read by children and adults with equal pleasure. The language of the books may be unadorned, but th way with naming people and things is quirky and original. Adults also find the books appealing because of the deepintellectualism in them.B. A disadvantage of the Harry Potter books is an absence of _ in the first four books. Example 1:Example 2:Example 3:an interesting villainGlobal UnderstandingExample 4:Conclusion Both children and adults enjoy reading the books. The books introduce young readers to a very high standard of entertainment.There is every reason to say that Harry Potter possesses _.A.B.all the earmarks of a classicGlobal UnderstandingTask 2Work in groups to decide whether the statements are true or false according to the passage. (P 73) Key:1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10FFTTFTFFFFDetailed InformationCritical ThinkingReading FocusStep One In the text, the author says that “Rowlings novels are probably the best books children have ever encountered that havent been thrust upon them by an adult.” Did you read any books like that during your childhood?What did you think of them?FWork in groups and talk about the favorite books or stories of your childhoods.Reading FocusCritical ThinkingStep TwoDiscuss in groups and work out a list of the features that make a childrens book a classic.Reading FocusCritical Thinking1. With a first printing of 5.3 million copies and advance orders topping 1.8 million, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, the fourth installment of the series, promises to break every bookselling record. (Para. 1) installment: 1) one of the parts of a story that appears as a series of parts, especially in a magazine, newspaper, etc. e.g. the first installment of a science fiction trilogy 2) One of a number of successive payments in settlement of a debt. e.g. *_ (用分期付 款的方式购物) has become epidemic in recent years. * Theyre letting me pay for the washing machine _ (按月付款地方式).Buying goods on the installment planby monthly installmentsLanguage Point 2. Amazingly, Rowling keeps her several plotlines clear of each other until the end, when she deftly brings everything together in a cataclysmic conclusion. (Para. 2) deftly: adv. deft: adj. moving quickly and with skill 机敏的，灵巧的机敏的，灵巧的 cataclysmic: sudden, shocking, and violent 突然的；骇人的；突然的；骇人的；剧烈的剧烈的 e.g. A cataclysmic event had shaken her parents marriage. 一场剧变动摇了她父母的婚姻。 翻译：翻译：让人称奇的是，罗琳让每一册书的情节相互独立，但让人称奇的是，罗琳让每一册书的情节相互独立，但最后，她却能够巧妙地把它们衔接起来，形成一个意想不最后，她却能够巧妙地把它们衔接起来，形成一个意想不到的结局。到的结局。Language Point 3. The only sour notes in all the songs of joy over this phenomenon have come from parents and conservative religious leaders who say Rowling advocates witchcraft. (Para. 4) “notes” figuratively means a particular quality in someones voice that shows how they are feeling. e.g. 1) There was a note of doubt in her voice. 2) It was not difficult for him to catch the note of bitterness in my voice. Language Point 4. But perhaps the most curious thing about the Potter phenomenon, especially given that it is all about books, is that almost no one has taken the time to say how good or badthese books are. (Para. 5) “given” means “considering”. e.g. 1) _ (考虑到这样的情况考虑到这样的情况), youve done really well. 2) Usually, I am sensible with money, as I have to be, _ (考虑到我没有考虑到我没有 赚那么多钱赚那么多钱). Given the circumstancesgiven that I earn that muchLanguage Point 5. Theres no telling which books will survive from one generation to the next. (Para. 5) Paraphrase: It is hard to tell which books will survive from one generation to the next. e.g. 很难说今晚谁会出现。很难说今晚谁会出现。 Theres no telling who is going to show up tonight.Language Point 6. Her prose may be unadorned, but her way with naming people and things reveals a quirky and original talent. (Para. 7) unadorned; adorn; adornment e.g. 1) His house is lavishly _. 2) Japanese food is on the whole superb, one of the _ of the culture. 3) The room is typically simple and _, with white walls and a tiled floor. adorned adornments unadornedLanguage Point 7. The best writers remember what it is like to be a child with astonishing intensity. (Para. 8) “with astonishing intensity” means “strongly”. This sentence means that the best writers are keenly aware of what is typical of a child. e.g. When Louis is alone he sees with astonishing intensity, and will write some words that may outlast us all. Language Point 8. Time and again, Rowling articulates just how defenseless even the bravest children often feel. (Para. 8) articulate (v.) : 1) express your ideas or feelings in words e.g. Many people are unable to articulate the unhappiness they feel. 2) be related and exist e.g. The new course is designed to articulate with the current degree course. Language Point articulate (adj.) : 1) (of a person) good at expressing ideas or feelings clearly in words e.g. 1) She is a highly articulate woman. 2) It gives an articulate description of the drugs effect. 2) (of speech) clearly expressed or pronounced e.g. All we could hear were loud sobs, but no articulate words.v Ant.: inarticulate Language Point 9. But I dont think the books would have their broad appeal if they were only exciting tales of magical adventure, and I know adults would not find them so enticing. (Para. 8) This sentence is put in the subjuntive mood. “have their broad appeal” means “吸引这么广泛吸引这么广泛的群体的群体”.Language Point appeal (n.) : 1) a quality that makes people like something or someone e.g. 1) 这个岛屿有什么特别的吸引之处？ What is the particular appeal of this island? 2) The film has great appeal for young audiences. 2) an urgent request for something important e.g. 1) All the organizations involved have sent urgent appeals to the government, asking for extra funding. 2) The girls family have made a public appeal for help to try and catch her killer. 3) a formal request to a court or to someone in authority asking for a decision to be changed e.g. He has lodged an appeal against the size of the fine.Language Point appeal (v.) : 1) be attractive e.g. The idea of working abroad really appeals to me. 2) make an urgent request for something important e.g. The police have appealed to anyone with information to come forward and talk to them. 3) a formal request to a court or to someone in authority asking for a decision to be changed e.g. Appealing to the referee does not often result in a decision being changed.Language Point Key 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- Task 1Choose the sentence in which the underlined word has the closest meaning to the underlined word in the sentence quoted from the passage. (P.75)ABABBBCAVocabulary in Action Task 21) How does our product _ those of our competitors? 2) Mr. Jenkins arguments for stability _ with Europes two most powerful politicians.Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate phrase from the box. Change the form if necessary. (P76)stack up againststruck a chordstack up againstpull offchop off thrust upon fade awayturn outappeal toamount to keep clear of strike a chord bring togetherpick up on Vocabulary in Action 3) The court decided that the companys actions _ unfair dismissal.4) You could improve the tree by _ some of the upper branches.5) It includes tips on how to write for kids and why certain stories _ different ages.6) He has learned to _ his superiors moods and act accordingly.amounted tochopping offstack up againstpull offchop off thrust upon fade awayturn outappeal toamount to keep clear of strike a chord bring together pick up on appeal topick up onVocabulary in Action 7) As it _, he passed the exam quite easily.8) Sympathy for the rebels, the government claims, is beginning to _.9) We _ researchers from three different universities to work on the project.turned outfaded awaystack up againstpull offchop off thrust upon fade awayturn outappeal toamount to keep clear of strike a chord bring togetherpick up onbrought togetherVocabulary in Action 10) This is the most delicate deal that weve ever _: we have reason to be proud of ourselves.11) Ive had three of the neighbors children _ me for the afternoon.12) All exits must _ baggage.pulled offthrust onstack up againstpull offchop off thrust upon fade awayturn outappeal toamount to keep clear of strike a chord bring together pick up on be kept clear ofVocabulary in Action Task 3Read the excerpt from the Harry Potter books, then fill in the ten blanks. (P77) Key 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 10-swirlingdeliveredglowed intervalsconvergewanderingsnavigatejealousypresenceabsorbedVocabulary in Action Europeans Just Want to Have Fun Global Understanding Detailed Information Critical Thinking Language Points Vocabulary in Action12345 The attitude towards leisure in the USParas. 4-5IntroductionReasons for Europeans and Americans different attitudes towards work and leisureParas. 1-3Para. 6ConclusionParas. 7-8Reading MoreGlobal UnderstandingIntroduction: Europe is enjoying itself. For example:A. _ _ _.B. _.C. _.D. _.E. _ _.In Paris, people were tangoing away, doing the merengue, enjoying picnics, holding an impromptu block party, and dancing to salsa In Berlin, an estimated 500,000 kids attended Love ParadeIn Southern Europe, numerous families spent their vacations In Madrid or Dublin, people rock to the small hours In Prague, British partygoers desire for the cheap beer and pretty girls Reading MoreGlobal UnderstandingThe attitude towards leisure in the US:A. In the 1960s, _ _.B. There was a change in Americans attitude. a. _ _. b. _ _ _ _. hedonism or the idea of pleasure as a way of life prevailed Americans started to think that you could be happy only if you work hard and play hard American conservatives believed that Europeans desire for the pleasures of life and long vacations was evidence of a lack of seriousness and would eventually end in economic tears Reading MoreGlobal UnderstandingReasons for Europeans and Americans different attotide toward work and leisure:A. _ _ _.B. _ _ _.Firstly, the crowded confines of Western Europe and the expansive space of North America have led to varied consumer preferencesSecondly, Americans are influenced by the puritanical version of Christianity, sending the message that hard work is good for the soul whereas modern Europeans avoided this lesson Reading MoreGlobal UnderstandingConclusion: The idea of a work-life balance might catch on in future in the US. For example, _ _ _. Bill Keller encouraged the staff to do a little savoring of life by spending time with their families or viewing artsReading MoreGlobal UnderstandingTask 2 FChoose the best answer to complete the following statements according to the text. (P84) Key:1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8)CAACBDACReading MoreDetailed InformationCritical ThinkingCritical ThinkingStep One “You can be happy only if you work hard and play hard.” Do you agree or disagree with the statement? FUse examples to justify your answer.Reading MoreCritical ThinkingStep Two In the text, the author mentions Europeans and Americans different attitudes toward work and life. FWhats Chinese peoples toward work and life?FWhat are the reasons?Reading MoreCritical Thinking1. Walking across Boulevard St. Michel in Paris last week, on the night before Bastille Day, I bumped into an old friendan American who has lived in the city for 25 yearswho told me he was taking up the tango. (Para. 1) bump into: come across; run into; run across; chance on e.g. I bumped into Simon this morning. bump off: kill/ murder (somebody) unlawfully bump against: hit against e.g. I ran after him, bumping against people in my hurry. Language Point take up:1) become interested in a new activity and to spend time doing it e.g. Roger took painting up for a while, but soon lost interest.2) start a new job or have a new responsibility e.g. Peter will take up the management of the finance department.3) If you take up a suggestion, problem, complaint etc, you start to do something about it. e.g. Now the papers have taken up the story.4) occupy entirely or exclusively e.g. The meeting was taken up with old business. Language Point 2. A drop-dead-gorgeous crowd was tangoing away in a makeshift, open-air amphitheater. (Para. 2) In the phrase “tango away”, “away” is used to emphasize a continuous or repeated action. e.g. 1) Theyve been hammering away all day. 2) He would often be working away on his word processor late into the night. Language Point 3. The weekend I was in Paris, an estimated 500,000 kids descended on Berlin for the annual Love Parade. (Para. 3) descend: 1) If a large number of people descend on a person or a place, they come to visit or stay. e.g. 数百名球迷突然来到了这座城市。 Hundreds of football fans descended on the city. 2) If darkness, silence, a feeling etc descends, it becomes dark etc or you start to feel something, especially suddenly. e.g. An air of gloom descended over the party headquarters.Language Point “descend” can also be used in other contexts. e.g. 1) The hotels are listed in descending order of price. 2) She claims to be descended from Abraham Lincoln. 3) Our plane started to descend.Language Point 4. Europeans seem to be throwing themselves into fun and festivity with unprecedented zeal. (Para. 3) Translation:欧洲人仍然能够以极大的热情投入到娱乐和欢庆当中。欧洲人仍然能够以极大的热情投入到娱乐和欢庆当中。 Language Point 5. Cities that for reasons of politics or religion were