5第五章英文主要项目的施工方案

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At the same time, these equipment must inspected and maintained randomly to avoid any impact to construction progress. 2.10与业主共同确认进场设备、材料的堆放场地和拆除构件及各类杂物的临时堆放场地。To confirm with the owner about the temporary laydown area for equipment, material, components removed and debris. 2.11施工作业人员必须参加安全教育和通过安全技术培训，各专业人员均需具备上岗作业资格证书，现场动火焊接人员必须持有劳动部门考核合格的焊工合格证，有相应材质的合格项目，并得到业主的认可。Construction worker must be trained on safety education and safety technology training. Related discipline engineers shall all have qualified certificate. Site welding workers must have welding certificate after going thought the test arranged by Labour Bureau. Related materials must have on-spec certificate and agreed by the owner. 2.12进入现场参加现场施工的管理人员和施工人员都应明确作业中的各项安全规定和安全注意事项，严格遵守安全技术规程和操作规定。Construction managerial persons and construction worker mobilized to the site shall clear about various safety regulations and safety cautions and shall seriously follow safety regulation and operation regulation.3、材料进场Material mobilization3.1施工所需设备、材料、物资根据施工进度，陆续进场。Equipment and Materials for construction shall be delivered to the site according to construction progress. 3.2进场的设备、材料、物资存放在指定地点。Equipment and Materials delivered to the site shall be stored at dedicated place.3.2.1设备、材料、物资应尽可能分类堆放在库房或临时工棚，并在底部垫上枕木或垫仓板，以防锈蚀。Equipment and Materials shall be sorted out in the warehouse or temporary laydown area. Wood pad must be put under the Equipment and Materials to avoid corrosion. 3.2.2只能露天存放的物资，必须采取严格的防雨、防潮、防污染措施。If the material can only be put in open air, relevant measures must be taken to against rain, moisture, and contamination.3.2.3可以露天存放的物资，必须分别堆放在指定的地点，不能混杂堆放。Materials stored in open air must be sorted out and put in dedicated location, shall not be put in the same place disorderly.3.2.4进场的设备、材料、物资的存放或者堆放不能影响生产厂和储运区的正常生产秩序和必要的交通、消防通道。Equipment and materials mobilized to the site shall not have impact to production plant and normal operation work in logistic area and shall not be stored in the way of transportation and fire fighting path.3.3进场的所有材料、物质的质量必须进行严格把关，都必须完全符合本项目的设计要求和相应规范的规定。All materials delivered to site must be inspected carefully to ensure they all meet design requirements of this project and relevant regulations.3.4进场的材料、物质必须仔细核对其品种、型号、等级、规格、数量，并提供相应的质量保证书或质量合格证。All materials delivered to site must be inspected on category, type, class, specification and amount and relevant quality certificate must be available.3.5设备、材料、物质的外包装必须完好，标识齐全。Equipment and materials must have good outer package and visible marks or labels. 4、土建施工 Civil Work4.1土建材料进场Mobilization of material for civil work4.1.1基础施工所需材料、物资根据施工进度，陆续进场。Materials for foundation construction must be delivered to the site as per construction progress.4.1.2进场的基础施工材料应堆放在指定的地点。Materials for foundation construction must be stored in the dedicated location.4.1.2.1钢筋分类堆放在临时工棚，并在底部垫上枕木或垫仓板，以防锈蚀。Rebars shall be stored in the temporary laydown area by category with wooden pat on the bottom to availed corrosion. 4.1.2.2水泥分类堆放在库房，必须采取严格的防雨、防潮、防污染措施。Cements shall be stored in the temporary laydown area by category with protection measures against rain, moisture and contamination.4.1.2.3砖、石料等物资分别堆放在指定的地点，不能混杂堆放。Bricks and pebbles must be stored in the dedicated location by class.4.1.3进场的所有材料、物资的质量必须进行严格把关，都必须完全符合本项目的设计要求和相应规范的规定。All materials delivered to site must be inspected carefully to ensure they all meet design requirements of this project and relevant regulations.4.1.4进场的水泥、钢筋等材料、物资必须仔细核对其品种、等级、规格、数量，并提供相应的质量保证书或质量合格证。Cement and rebars delivered to the site must be checked carefully about category, class, specification and amount. And related quality certificate must be available.4.1.4.1水泥的纸袋或编织袋的包装必须完好，标识齐全。无受潮结块现象。Outer cover of cement must be in good condition with visible labels and without hard core due to moisture.4.1.4.2钢筋的表面不得有明显锈蚀，不得有裂纹、结疤和折叠，其表面的凸块高度不得超过横肋的高度。带肋钢筋应在其表面上轧上钢筋级别标志。On the surface of rebar shall not have visible rust, crack, rolling skin and wrinkle. Convex cant higher than lateral rib. Rib-rebar shall have class mark on the surface.4.2基坑挖掘 Excavation for foundation pit4.2.1根据设计方给出的基准坐标，按施工图纸的具体尺寸位置，进行现场引测和定位放线。Site measuring, locating and line must be carried out as per bench mark from the design institute and dimensions on the construction drawing.4.2.2基础中线定出以后，根据中线位置和基础尺寸划线，在原铺装面挖掘出设备基础的基坑。After center line of the foundation is settled, other lines for the foundation can be settled according to this center line, and then to excavate the foundation for equipment.4.2.3基坑开挖采用人工开挖方式进行。开挖基坑时，注意检查其断面尺寸是否准确，底部和侧面是否平直。The foundation shall be excavated by manpower. During the excavation, the size of the section shall be inspected to see whether it is correct or not, the bottom and slope must be flat.4.2.4基坑挖掘完成后，应对基坑底部进行夯实平整，并铺设C10素混凝土垫层。After the construction, the bottom shall be compacted and install C10 concrete pad. 4.2.5需待垫层混凝土完全硬化后，才能进行后续的绑扎钢筋及浇筑C30混凝土。After the concrete pat is hard, rebar enforced concrete C30 concrete can be installed.4.3钢筋绑扎 Rebar installation4.3.1熟悉图纸，确定钢筋穿插就位顺序，并与有关工种作好配合工作，确定施工方法，作好技术交底工作。To be familiar with drawing in order to know the location of rebars, and to keep good cooperation with related discipline to make out construction method and to have good technical clarification.4.3.2仔细核对钢筋的型号级别，型号、形状、尺寸及数量是否与设计图纸相同。To check class, type, shape, dimension and amount of rebars to ensure they are compliance with design drawing.4.3.3钢筋绑扎采用20号或22号镀锌铁丝。Rebar binding shall use 20# or 22# galvanized wire. 4.3.4钢筋一般采用机械调直。采用冷拉的方式调直时12冷拉率不宜大于4%，12冷拉率不宜大于1%。Alignment of rebars normal shall be mechanical alignment. For clod draw, rebar 12 with clod draw index less then 4%, 12 less then 1%.4.3.5按图纸标明的钢筋间距，算出实际需用的钢筋根数，钢筋保护层厚度为40MM，因此靠近模板边的那根钢筋离模板边为40MM，在底板上弹出钢筋位置线。According to the space between rebars marked on the drawing, the actual rebar amount can be calculated with rebar protection 40MM, so the rebar shall be 40mm away from the template. Line shall be marked out on the bottom board for rebar location.4.3.6按弹出的钢筋位置线，先铺底板下层钢筋。根据底板受力情况，决定下层钢筋哪个方向钢筋在下面，一般情况下先铺短向钢筋，再铺长向钢筋。According to the rebar location line, lower rebar on the bottom board shall be installed at first. According to the force on the bottom board, which rebar shall be on the bottom can be determined. Normally, rebars in the short direction shall be put first, then the rebars in the long direction.4.3.7钢筋绑扎时，靠近外围两行的相交点每点都绑扎，中间部分的相交点可相隔交错绑扎，双向受力的钢筋必须将钢筋交叉点全部绑扎。如采用一面顺扣应交错变换方向，也可采用八字扣，但必须保证钢筋不位移。When binging rebars, outer two row rebars must be bond at each connection. Middle rebars can be bond one connection after other. If the rebar has two way forces, all intersection must be bond.4.3.8底板钢筋如有绑扎接头时，钢筋搭接长度及搭接位置应符合施工规范要求，钢筋搭接处应用铁丝在中心及两端扎牢。If there is overlap rebars, the length and location of rebar overlap must follow relevant construction regulations. Rebar overlap shall bond at both end and in the middle.4.3.9钢筋接头严格按照设计施工图和施工规范要进行施工Rebar connectors must seriously follow design drawings and construction regulations.4.3.10钢筋绑扎安装完毕后，应对施工质量进行严格检查：After rebar binding, the quality shall be inspected seriously. 钢筋级别、直径、根数、位置、间距是否与图纸设计相符。Rebar class, diameter, amount, location and space in between must be the same as design drawing. 钢筋接头位置及搭接长度是否符合规定。Rebar connector and overlap must follow relevant regulations. 钢筋保护层是否符合要求。Rebar protection layer must follow relevant regulations. 钢筋表面是否清洁。Rebar surface shall be clean. 钢筋绑扎是否牢固，有无松动现象。Rebar binding shall be firm without loose. 基础底板及柱钢筋绑扎施工质量检查完毕后，应作好隐蔽工程验收记录，并经甲方验收通过后方可进行下道工序施工。After the inspection of foundation bottom and rebar binding, records for concealed work shall be kept and shall also go through the inspection by the owner before following work can be commenced,4.4 模板安装 Template installation4.4.1 本项目采用厚木模板。This project will use thick wooden board as template.4.4.2 模板的接缝不应漏浆 The joint of template shall not have leakage of cement paste.4.4.3模板与混凝土的接触面应清理干净并涂刷隔离剂，但不能采用影响结构性能的隔离剂。The surface of template shall be clean and painted with separant. But the separant which has impact to structure cant be used.4.4.4 浇筑混凝土前，模板内的杂物应清理干净。Before pouring of concrete, debris in the template shall be cleared up.4.5 混凝土浇筑 Pouring of concrete4.5.1混凝土浇筑需待所铺设的C10素混凝土垫层完全硬化，并完成钢筋绑扎后开始进行。Concrete pouring can be done after C10 concrete pat is hard and rebar binding is inspected.4.5.2开始浇筑混凝土前，模板、钢筋、及相关构件应全部安装完毕，经检查符合设计要求，并办完隐蔽工程验收等相关手续。Concrete pouring shall be carried out only after template, rebar and relevant structure were installed and proved meet design requirement, and the relevant records and approval for concealed work are done.4.5.3混凝土浇筑前应将模板内的垃圾、泥土等杂物及钢筋上的油污清除干净，并检查钢筋的水泥砂浆垫块是否垫好。Before concrete pouring, rubbish, soil in the template and oil on the rebar shall be cleared up and to see whether small concrete pat under rebars are arranged.4.5.4混凝土浇筑连续进行，一次完成，采用插入式振捣器进行浇筑振捣。如必须间歇，其间歇时间应尽量缩短，并应在前层混凝土凝结之前，将次层混凝土浇筑完毕。Concrete pouring shall be done continuously by one time. Vibration of concrete shall be done by plug-in vibrator. If there must have a intermittent, the intermittent must be shortened, and the second pouring must be carried out before condensation of first pouring concrete.4.5.5使用插入式振捣器应快插慢拔，插点要均匀排列，逐点移动，顺序进行，不得遗漏，做到均匀振实。The plug-in liberator shall be inserted quickly and pulled out slowly with even insert points, and move from one point from another. Vibration shall be evenly. 4.5.6 浇筑混凝土时应经常观察模板、钢筋、预留孔洞、预埋件和插筋等有无移动、变形或堵塞情况，发现问题应立即处理，并应在已浇筑的混凝土凝结前修正完好。During concrete pouring, observation to template, rebar, reserved holes, pre-installed objects and inserted rebar must be done to see whethere these is any movement, deform or blocked. Any problem found shall be dealt with immediately and shall be solved before condensation of concrete.4.6 模板拆除Removal of template4.6.1底模板及其支架拆除时的混凝土强度应符合设计要求。Before removal of bottom board and its supporters the hardness of concrete must meet design requirement.4.6.2 侧模板拆除时的混凝土强度应能保证其表面及梭角不受损伤。Before removal of side board, the hardness of concrete must ensure the surface and angle without impairment.4.7 混凝土养护 Curing of Concrete4.7.1 混凝土浇筑完毕，应在初凝后用草席、麻袋片，编织布等片状物进覆盖。After concrete pouring is finished, and after initial setting of concrete, the concrete surface can be covered with grass matting, gunny cloth and/or woven cloth.4.7.2 在终凝后（12小时后）进行浇水。Watering can arranged after final setting (12hours later).4.7.3 浇水次数应能保持混凝土有足够的润湿状态，养护周期一般不少于7昼夜。Time of watering shall ensure enough moisture on the concrete. Normally, concrete curing need 7 days.4.8管沟开挖 Excavation for pipe pit4.8.1根据设计方给出的基准坐标，按施工图纸的具体尺寸位置，进行现场引测和定位放线。Site measuring, locating and line must be carried out as per bench mark from the design institute and dimensions on the construction drawing.4.8.2 管沟开挖采用人工挖掘的施工方法。Excavation for pipe pit shall be done by manpower.4.8.3 开挖管沟时，注意检查其断面尺寸是否准确，沟底是否平直，沟内是否无塌方、无积水、无各种油类及杂物，转角应符合设计要求，其检查标准如下表： During the excavation of pipe pit, the size of the section shall be inspected to see whether it is correct or not, the bottom and slope must be flat. In the pit shall not have collapse, no water, no oils, etc. and turning of pipe pit must meet design requirement. The inspection criterion is as the following Table.管沟检查标准Inspection Criterion for Pipe Pit检查项目Items允许偏差（mm）Allowable diviation管沟中心线偏移center line of pipe pit100管沟标高elevation of pipe pit+50、-100管沟宽度width of pipe pit1004.8.4管沟开挖于要求尺寸后，应对底面进行填平夯实处理，以便埋地管道的安装就位。After excavating to required depth, the bottom shall be compacted to facilitate pipe installation.4.8.5管沟中途遇电缆沟，则从其底部穿越。If the pipe pit encounters cable pit, the pipe pit will go through under it.4.8.6 开挖管沟土石方应符合下列规定：Soil of Excavation shall meet following requirements.4.8.6.1开挖时不可两侧抛土，应将土石方堆到布管的一侧，但不得影响走道的正常通行。Soil from excavation cant be put on both sides of the pipe pit, shall be put on one side, but cant have impact to walkway.4.8.6.2 管沟应保持顺畅。Pipe pit shall be accessible. 4.8.6.3 开挖管沟时，应根据土质确定管沟的边坡。When excavation of pipe pit, the slope has shall be determined as per soil quality.4.8.6.4开挖管沟时，应将地表层熟土和底层生土分层堆放，以备回填及恢复地形地貌。When has excavation of pipe pit, mature soil on the surface and raw soil in depth shall be separated to facilitate backfilling and restore of topographic form.4.8.6.5 如有必要，在开挖前应将地面的绿化进行迁移，回填时进行复位。If necessary, before excavation greenery shall be relocated, and replaced after backfilling.4.8.6.6 挖出的土方应做好雨天防止流失的措施，并及时清运。Soil excavated must be protected from missing due to rain. Transportation shall be arranged on time.4.9 管沟砌筑Bricklaying of pipe pit4.9.1 管沟砌筑在管沟基底平整夯实后进行。Bricklaying of pipe pit shall be done after compaction of pipe pit bottom.4.9.2 管沟砌筑采用规格为24011553的标砖。Bricklaying of pipe pit will use standard 24011553 brick.4.9.3 必须在砌筑前一天浇水湿润，含水率为10%15%，不得使用干砖进行砌筑。Before bricklaying, bricks shall be watered with water index 10% to 15%. Dry bricks cant be used.4.9.4 砌体一般采用一顺一丁（满丁、满条）、梅花丁或三顺一丁砌法。Bricking-up shall use one brick one direction the other another direction, or three bricks one direction and the other another direction.4.9.5砌砖宜采用一铲灰、一块砖、一挤揉的“三一”砌砖法，即满铺、满挤操作法。Bricklaying shall use the method of one layer of mortar, then one layer of brick and then pressing together.4.9.6 砌砖一定要跟线，“上跟线，下跟棱，左右相邻要对平”。水平灰缝厚度和竖向灰缝宽度一般为10mm，但不应小于8mm，也不应大于12mm。The bricklaying must be alignment from bottom to top, from left to right. Horizontal mortar layer and vertical mortar both is 10mm thick, but not less than 8mm, more than 12 mm.4.9.7 管沟完成砖块砌筑后进行水泥砂浆抹面。After brick wall is finished, the mortar surface shall be done.4.9.8为了与底层粘结牢固，可以在抹面前，在底子灰上刮一道素水泥粘结层，紧跟抹面层12.5水泥砂浆。In order to ensure firm connection with the bottom layer, before surface plastering, on the bottom to put one pure cement layer, and then use 12.5 cement mortar for surface plastering.4.9.9 抹完一块后，用木抹子搓平，用钢板抹子压光。待收水后再次压光。After one area of surface plastering is finished, one wooden float can be used for leveling and then one steel float for finishing. After watering is gone, another finishing shall be done.4.9.10 从架空管下来向东采用地沟安装，用轻型盖板。过走道采用重型盖板。The pipe path under pipe rack can use pipe trench with low duty concrete cover, under walkway use heavy duty cover.4.9.11 过路地沟及盖板的浇筑按照甲方提供的技术资料施工，其余轻型盖板厚度为40mm。The pipe trench, which across road and its cover shall be built as per technical document from the owner. Other low duty covers thickness is 40mm.4.10 土方回填Backfilling4.10.1 土方回填施工前，管道安装已经完成，并检验合格，办理好隐蔽工程验收手续。Before backfilling, pipe installation and inspection are finished and proved on-spec, and records for concealed works are finished.4.10.2 土方回填包括管沟外侧和直埋管道。Backfilling shall cover outer side of pipe pit and the pipe.4.10.3直埋管道净深为800mm，管底及管面敷砂。敷砂层厚度为100mm，宽度为D+200mm。Clear depth of the pipe is 800mm, on the bottom and top of the pipe, sand shall be introduced. The sand layer shall be 100mm chick and D+200mm wide.4.10.4 土方回填施工前应清理干净管沟内的杂物垃圾。Before backfilling, debris in the pipe pit must be cleared up.4.10.5 土方回填应优先选用原管沟中挖出的土，但是不得含有有机质。Backfilling shall use the original soil from excavation, but shall not have organic materials.4.10.6 应检验回填土有无杂物，粒径是否符合规定，以及回填土的含水量是否在控制的范围内；如含水量偏高，可采用翻松、晾晒或均匀掺入干土等措施；如遇回填土的含水量偏低，可采用预先洒水润湿等措施。The soil for backfilling shall be checked without debris and size shall meet regulation. Water containing in the soil shall be put under control. If water in the soil is too much, can be aired in the sunshine or mixed with dry soil. If the soil is too dry, some watering shall be done before backfilling.4.10.7 回填土应尽可能达到最优含水率，以获得最佳密实度。Soil the backfilling must have premium water rate in order to have best compaction.4.10.8 回填施工应分层摊铺，并且分层夯实。Soil backfilling shall be one layer after another with compaction on each layer.4.10.9 填土全部完成后，应进行表面拉线找平，凡超过标准高程的地方，及时依线铲平；凡低于标准高程的地方，应补土夯实。After backfilling, leveling shall be checked on the surface. All spots higher than standard elevation shall be reduced. All spots lower than elevation shall be increased. 4.10.10 土方回填结束后，应恢复地面绿化。After backfilling, greenery shall be reinstalled.4.11 钢结构 Steel Structure4.11.1 钢材应具有质量证明书，并符合设计和专业标准的要求。Steel materials shall have quality certificate, and meet requirement of design and discipline standard.4.11.2 如对材质有疑义时,应按国家标准钢的化学分析用试样采取法及成品化学成分允许偏差（GB222-84）和钢材力学及工艺性能试验取样规定（GB2975-82）的要求取样，并按现行标准进行化学分析和力学性能试验。试验结果应符合设计和国家标准的要求。If there is any doubtful point to steel material, sample shall be sampled as per “Steel analysis and sample method and product chemical allowable deviation”( GB222-84) and “Steel mechanical and process performance sample rules”(GB2975-8