40分阅读理解提分练二2

40分阅读理解提分练分阅读理解提分练 二二限时限时35分钟分钟.阅读理解阅读理解ALanguage Engineer Wanted Are you a linguist(语言学家语言学家)with technical skills?Or are you an engineer with a passion for(human)languages?Come work on Alexa!Were building the speech and language solutions behind Amazon Echo and other Amazon products and services.Our goal is to delight our customers by adding new features to Alexa.We also improve our existing speech recognition and natural language processing systems.Specifically,you will:Design the natural language processing components of new Alexa experiences and features Discover and solve production issues that are impacting the Alexa customer experience Work with other language engineers in creating the best solutions to improve customer satisfactionBasic qualifications:Bachelors degree in a relevant field Experience in computational linguistics(计算语言学计算语言学),language data processing,etc.Experience working with speech and text language data in several languages Experience in Python,Perl,or other programming languagesPrimary qualifications:Advanced degree in a relevant field Familiarity with database queries(数据库查询数据库查询)and data analysis processes Experience with statistical language modeling Fluency in a language other than EnglishApplication instructions:Please click“Apply Now”and follow our online application process.Deadline:September 30,11:59 p.m.,Eastern Daylight Time(EDT).We highly recommend that candidates submit rsums up to two weeks in advance of the deadline.Submitting on the deadline day is NOT recommended,and applications received late will not be accepted.You must submit the name of your rsum in this exact format:LastName_FirstName_CV_Language Engineer【文章大意【文章大意】本文为应用文本文为应用文,是一则语言工程师的招聘广告。是一则语言工程师的招聘广告。1.What does a language engineer do?A.Build speech and language solutions for Google.B.Work with linguists to improve customer satisfaction.C.Add new features to Alexa to satisfy the customers needs.D.Invent speech recognition and natural language processing systems.【解析【解析】选选C。细节理解题。该题考查的是语言工程师的工作性质。细节理解题。该题考查的是语言工程师的工作性质,从第一段从第一段“Our goal is to delight our customers by adding new features to Alexa.”可以可以得得出出,语言工程师为语言工程师为Alexa添加新功能添加新功能,满足客户需求。满足客户需求。2.What kind of person would probably apply for the position?A.One with a bachelors degree in literature.B.One familiar with data analysis processes.C.One fluent in spoken and written English.D.One with years of experience in customer service.【解析【解析】选选B。细节理解题。该题考查的是语言工程师职位申请者的资格。细节理解题。该题考查的是语言工程师职位申请者的资格,从从Primary qualifications:部分中的部分中的“Familiarity with database queries and data analysis processes”可以得出可以得出,熟悉数据分析过程的人可能会申请这个职位。熟悉数据分析过程的人可能会申请这个职位。3.Where is the passage most likely to be found?A.A webpage.B.A newspaper.C.A textbook.D.A report.【解析【解析】选选A。推理判断题。从。推理判断题。从Application instructions:部分部分“Please click Apply Now and follow our online application process.”请点击请点击“立即申请立即申请”,并并按照我们的网上申请程序办理。可判断出短文来自于网页。按照我们的网上申请程序办理。可判断出短文来自于网页。B The Daffodil Lesson It was a bleak rainy day,and I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter Caronlyns house.But she had insisted that I come to see something at the top of the mountain.So here I was,reluctantly making the two-hour journey through fog that hung like veils.By the time I saw how thick it was near the summit,Id gone too far to turn back.Nothing could be worth this,I thought as I inched along the dangerous highway.“Ill stay for lunch,but Im heading back down as soon as the fog lifts,”I announced when I arrived.“But I need you to drive me to the garage to pick up my car”Caronlyn said.“Could we at least do that?”“How far is it?”I asked.“About three minutes”,she said,“Ill driveIm used to it.”After ten minutes on the mountain road,I looked at her anxiously.“I thought you said three minutes.”She grinned,“This is a detour(绕道绕道).”Turning down a narrow track,we parked the car and got out.We walked along a path that was thick with old pine needles.Huge black-green evergreens towered over us.Gradually the peace and silence of the place began to fill my mind.Then we turned a corner and stoppedand I gasped in amazement.From the top of the mountain,sloping for several acres across folds and valleys,were rivers of daffodils in radiant bloom.A profusion(大量大量)of colorfrom the palest ivory to the deepest lemon to the most vivid salmonblazed like a carpet before us.It looked as though the sun had tipped over and spilled gold down the mountainside.At the center there was a waterfall of purple flowers.Here and there were coral-colored tulips.Western bluebirds frolicked(嬉戏嬉戏)over the heads of the daffodils,their tawny breasts and sapphire wings like a flutter of jewels.A riot of questions filled my mind.Who created such beauty?How?When?As we approached the home that stood in the center of the property,we saw a sign that read:“Answers to the Question I Know You Are Asking.”The first answer was“One WomanTwo Hands,Two Feet,and Very Little Brain”.The second was“One at a Time”.The third was“Started in 1958”.As we drove home,I was so moved by what we had seen,I could scarcely speak.“She changed the world,”I finally said,“One bulb at a time.She started almost 60 years ago,probably just the beginning of an idea,but she kept at it.”The wonder of it would not let me go.“Imagine,”I said.“If Id had a vision and worked at it,just a little bit every day,what might I have accomplished?”Caronlyn looked at me sideways,smiling.“Start tomorrow,”she said.“Better yet,start today.”【文章大意【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己的一次野外经历并从这次经这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己的一次野外经历并从这次经历中感触到成功在于点滴的积累。历中感触到成功在于点滴的积累。4.The passage is mainly about _.A.a successful gardenerB.an inspiring gardening lessonC.a worthwhile travelling experienceD.unexpected countryside scenery【解析【解析】选选C。主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了作者和女儿在野外遇到了大片的。主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了作者和女儿在野外遇到了大片的水仙花水仙花,并对作者触动很大并对作者触动很大,由此可知由此可知,这是一次很有价值的经历。这是一次很有价值的经历。5.The author gasped in amazement because _.A.the road twisted and turned along the mountainB.the fog crowning the mountain lifted eventuallyC.the owner of the field came to answer her questionsD.the vast stretch of daffodil field took her breath away【解析【解析】选选D。细节理解题。根据第十一段的。细节理解题。根据第十一段的From the top of the mountain,sloping for several acres across folds and valleys,were rivers of daffodils in radiant bloom.可知可知,作者惊奇的是看到从山顶上作者惊奇的是看到从山顶上,绵延几英亩的坡地绵延几英亩的坡地,穿过山穿过山峦和山谷峦和山谷,水仙花如河流般灿烂地绽放着。水仙花如河流般灿烂地绽放着。6.What can be inferred from the story?A.The beautiful daffodil field was all along the road.B.The author and her daughter planned the journey well.C.The owner of the field spent a lot of time working in the field.D.The author planned to work in the daffodil field the next day.【解析【解析】选选C。推理判断题。根据文章的倒数第五段的内容。推理判断题。根据文章的倒数第五段的内容,尤其是尤其是Started in 1958.可推断出可推断出,这片田地的主人付出了很长时间的工作和努力才种出了这片这片田地的主人付出了很长时间的工作和努力才种出了这片花海。花海。7.What lesson did the author learn from this trip?A.East or west,home is best.B.It is never too old to learn.C.Birds of a feather flock together.D.Rome is not built in a day.【解析【解析】选选D。推理判断题。根据倒数第三段作者说的话。推理判断题。根据倒数第三段作者说的话“Imagine,”I said,“if Id had a vision and worked at it,just a little bit every day,what might I have accomplished?”可知可知,作者的感触作者的感触:成功在于点滴的积累。成功在于点滴的积累。D项项,罗马非一罗马非一日建成日建成,符合题意。符合题意。C Last July,Angela Peters,36,rolled her wheelchair into a nail salon located at the Walmart shopping center in Burton,Michigan,with the idea of painting her nails.But Peters,who has cerebral palsy(脑瘫脑瘫),was turned away.The salon(which is not owned by Walmart),she says,told her that they were afraid it would be too difficult to properly do the job given that her hands shook.What was meant to be a day of beauty bliss for Peters was now a disappointment.Watching the interaction from a few feet away was a Walmart cashier about to go on her break.Ebony Harris,40,recognized Peters as a Walmart regular.Now what she recognized in Peters was a kindred spirit.“Shes just like you,me,my daughter,anybody,”Harris told ABC News,“She wants to look pretty.So why cant she?”Harris approached Peters.“Do you want me to do your nails?”she asked.A smile spread across Peters face.“Yeah!”Having found a table for two,Harris gently took Peters hand into hers and carefully began painting her nails.“I was a little nervous and was shaking because I didnt want to mess her nails up,”Harris admitted.“I told her shes a blessing to anybody,not just me.She makes me look at life and appreciate it much more than I have.”Watching it all with amazement and admiration was Subway employee Tasia Smith.What struck her most was the ease and gentleness displayed by Harris as she painted Peters nails,all the while chatting as if they were old friends.Smith was so taken by the scene that she wrote about it on Facebook.“They were so patient with her,”she wrote.“Thanks to the Walmart worker for making this beautiful girls day!”Peters,who runs a poetry website,harbors no bitterness toward the nail salon that turned her away.“When people do us wrong,we must forgive,”Peters wrote on Facebook.“I just want to educate people that those with different challenges,like being in a wheelchair,can have our own business and get our nails done like anyone else.”【文章大意【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了脑瘫患者这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了脑瘫患者Angela Peters想要做美想要做美甲甲,但却因为自身的缺陷使得别人不敢为她服务。沃尔玛的一位员工看到这件但却因为自身的缺陷使得别人不敢为她服务。沃尔玛的一位员工看到这件事后主动为她做了美甲。一名地铁员工将此事写在了自己的社交网络上事后主动为她做了美甲。一名地铁员工将此事写在了自己的社交网络上,Peters也在自己的社交网络上写到不同的人也在自己的社交网络上写到不同的人,哪怕坐在轮椅上哪怕坐在轮椅上,也能有自己的事也能有自己的事业业,也能像别人一样做漂亮的指甲。也能像别人一样做漂亮的指甲。8.Why was Peters declined when she wanted to have her nails painted?A.She insisted on sitting in a wheelchair.B.She was not a regular customer of the salon.C.Her hands shook involuntarily due to disability.D.There was no need for her to have nails painted.【解析【解析】选选C。细节理解题。第一段提到。细节理解题。第一段提到“But Peters,who has cerebral palsy,was turned away.The salon(which is not owned by Walmart),she says,told her that they were afraid it would be too difficult to properly do the job given that her hands shook.”当当Peters想去做美甲的时候却被拒绝了想去做美甲的时候却被拒绝了,因为美甲沙龙因为美甲沙龙里的服务员告诉她因为她的手会抖里的服务员告诉她因为她的手会抖,所以给她做美甲是一件非常困难的事情。所以给她做美甲是一件非常困难的事情。9.It can be inferred from“a kindred spirit”in Paragraph 2 that _.A.Peters was in high spirits just like others around herB.Peters was approached with special attention and careC.Peters was more tolerant of the denial than normal peopleD.Peters was no different from the people around her【解析【解析】选选D。词义猜测题。第二段中提到。词义猜测题。第二段中提到“Shes just like you,me,my daughter,anybody”沃尔玛的员工沃尔玛的员工Harris觉得觉得Peters就像是你就像是你,我我,也像是她的也像是她的女儿女儿,就跟平常人没有任何不一样的地方。就跟平常人没有任何不一样的地方。10.In Paragraph 4,Harris referred to Angela Peters as“a blessing”because _.A.Peters deserved to be happy and be treated kindlyB.Harris was reminded why she should be gratefulC.Harris felt obliged to offer her a hand on a voluntary basisD.Peters got her nails done despite the previous rejection【解析【解析】选选B。推理判断题。第四段最后一句提到。推理判断题。第四段最后一句提到“She makes me look at life and appreciate it much more than I have.”在在Harris帮帮Peters做美甲的过程中做美甲的过程中,她是非常小心翼翼的她是非常小心翼翼的,因为因为Peters的出现让的出现让Harris比以前更多地观察生活比以前更多地观察生活,并欣并欣赏生活。从而推断出这使得赏生活。从而推断出这使得Harris想起为什么她应该心存感激。想起为什么她应该心存感激。11.What may be Angela Peters guiding principle in life?A.Beauty is about having a pretty mind,a pretty soul,as well as pretty poetry.B.Forgive others who have wronged us,and we are likely to enjoy our life more.C.Being grateful is a way to sing for our life which comes just from our love and hope.D.Life is a mirror and will reflect back to the thinker what he thinks into it.【解析【解析】选选B。推理判断题。最后一段第二句提到。推理判断题。最后一段第二句提到“When people do us wrong,we must forgive”当人们对我们做了不好的事时当人们对我们做了不好的事时,我们要原谅他们。即原谅那些我们要原谅他们。即原谅那些曾经伤害过我们的人曾经伤害过我们的人,我们就会更享受我们的生活。由此判断我们就会更享受我们的生活。由此判断Peters想要过一想要过一种更包容的生活种更包容的生活,并且享受生活。并且享受生活。D Genetic modification(基因修饰基因修饰)dates back to ancient times,when humans influenced genetics by selectively breeding organisms(培育生物培育生物)according to an article by Gabriel Rangel,a public health scientist at Harvard University.When repeated over several generations,this process leads to great changes in the organisms.Dogs were likely the first animals to be purposefully genetically modified,with the beginnings of that effort dating back about 32,000 years,according to Rangel.Wild wolves joined our hunter-gatherer ancestors in East Asia,where the aggressive canines were kept in the household and bred to become docile and easier to get along with.Over thousands of years,people bred dogs with different desired character and physical characteristics,eventually leading to the wide variety of dogs we see today.The earliest known genetically modified plant is wheat.This valuable crop is thought to have originated in the Middle East and northern Africa in the area known as the Fertile Crescent,according to a 2015 article published in the Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine.Ancient farmers selectively bred wheat grasses beginning around 9000 B.C.to create improved varieties with larger grains and hardier seeds.By 800 B.C.,the cultivation(培养培养)of improved wheat had spread across Europe and Asia.The continued selective cultivation of wheat resulted in the thousands of varieties that are grown today.Corn has also experienced some of greatest genetic changes over the past few thousand years.The main crop was changed from a plant known as teosinte,a wild grass with tiny ears and only a few seeds.Over time,farmers selectively bred the teosinte grasses to create corn with large ears bursting with seeds.Beyond those crops,many of the fruit and vegetables we eat today,including bananas,apples and tomatoes,have experienced several generations of selective raising,according to Rangel.In 1973,researchers also modified bacteria to be used as drugs.In 1982,human insulin(胰岛素胰岛素)made from genetically engineered bacteria became the first genetically engineered human drugs approved by the FDA.【文章大意【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。哈佛大学公共卫生科学家这是一篇说明文。哈佛大学公共卫生科学家Gabriel Rangel的一的一篇文章称篇文章称,基因修饰可以追溯到古代基因修饰可以追溯到古代,当时人类通过选择性繁殖生物体来影响当时人类通过选择性繁殖生物体来影响基因。经过几代人的重复基因。经过几代人的重复,这个过程会导致生物体发生巨大变化。文章主要介这个过程会导致生物体发生巨大变化。文章主要介绍了有关基因改造的相关内容。绍了有关基因改造的相关内容。12.What does the word“docile”in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?A.Gentle.B.Loyal.C.Smart.D.Ambitious.【解析【解析】选选A。词义猜测题。根据上文。词义猜测题。根据上文“.the aggressive canines were kept in the household and bred.”及画线词后及画线词后“.easier to get along with.”可推断可推断好斗的犬科动物被养在家里好斗的犬科动物被养在家里,并被培育成温顺、容易相处的动物并被培育成温顺、容易相处的动物,由此可知画由此可知画线词意思是线词意思是“温顺的温顺的”。13.How did the ancient farmers try to improve wheat?A.Through selective cultivation.B.By editing its genes constantly.C.Through mixture with teosinte.D.By planting it in large numbers.【解析【解析】选选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中。细节理解题。根据第三段中Ancient farmers selectively bred wheat grasses beginning around 9000 B.C.to create improved varieties with larger grains and hardier seeds.可知大约从公元前可知大约从公元前9000年开始年开始,古代农民选择古代农民选择性地培育小麦草性地培育小麦草,以创造出更大的谷物和更坚韧的种子的改良品种。由此可知以创造出更大的谷物和更坚韧的种子的改良品种。由此可知 古时候的农民是通过选择性栽培来改良小麦的。古时候的农民是通过选择性栽培来改良小麦的。14.What can we infer about genetic modification?A.It is rarely seen in daily life.B.It is quite difficult to accept.C.It is hardly influenced by humans.D.It has played a role in medical field.【解析【解析】选选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中。推理判断题。根据最后一段中In 1982,human insulin made from genetically engineered bacteria became the first genetically engineered human drugs approved by the FDA.可知可知1982年年,由基因工程细菌制成的人体由基因工程细菌制成的人体胰岛素成为第一个被胰岛素成为第一个被FDA批准的基因工程人体药物。由此可推断批准的基因工程人体药物。由此可推断,基因改良在基因改良在医疗领域起着一定的作用。医疗领域起着一定的作用。15.From which section of a newspaper is the text most probably taken?A.Health.B.B.Lifestyle.C.Science.D.Agriculture.【解析【解析】选选C。文章出处题。根据第一段。文章出处题。根据第一段Genetic modification dates back to ancient times,when humans influenced genetics by selectively breeding organisms according to an article by Gabriel Rangel,a public health scientist at Harvard University.When repeated over several generations,this process leads to great changes in the organisms.可知哈佛大学公共卫生科学家可知哈佛大学公共卫生科学家Gabriel Rangel的一篇文章称的一篇文章称,基因修饰可以追溯到古代基因修饰可以追溯到古代,当时人类通过选择性繁殖生当时人类通过选择性繁殖生物体来影响基因。经过几代人的重复物体来影响基因。经过几代人的重复,这个过程会导致生物体发生巨大变化。这个过程会导致生物体发生巨大变化。结合本文主要介绍了基因修饰的相关内容结合本文主要介绍了基因修饰的相关内容,由此可推断由此可推断,本文最有可能出自报本文最有可能出自报纸的纸的“科学科学”版块。版块。.七选五七选五 People often say that“failure is the mother of success”.16 As a result,Manalo,a professor of educational psychology in Japan says,“We know we shouldnt give up when we failbut in reality,we do.”Manalo and Manu,a professor of learning sciences in Swiss,put together a special issue(专利专利)last December on benefiting from failure.The issues 15 studies provide teachers and educational researchers with a guide for achieving success.17 Another confirmed that advice on failures is most constructive when the receiver is prepared to experience unpleasant feelings.Manalo and his co-authors also focused on overcoming one everyday form of failure:not completing a task.They asked 131 students to write an article about their school experiences.Half of the students received instructions for their writing,and half were left to their own.18 Afterward the researchers found that those in the instructed group were more willing to complete their articles,compared with those who lacked guidanceeven if the latter were closer to being done.19 20 Stephanie Couch,the director of the Lemelson-MIT Program,holds the opinion.Couch,whose work was also featured in the special issue,says that we should tell them to think of failure as part of a process toward success.A.However,all were stopped before finishing.B.The saying shows the importance of success.C.Teaching students not to fear failure makes goals achieved more easily.D.One study reported that the sooner students fail,the sooner they can move forward.E.They believed that learning how to fail can help people avoid becoming lasting failures.F.Though having some truth to it,the saying does not tell us how to turn a loss into a win.G.Knowing how to finish,in other words,was more important than being close to finishing.【文章大意【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。人们常说这是一篇说明文。人们常说“失败是成功之母失败是成功之母”。这句话虽然。这句话虽然有有一定道理一定道理,但并没有告诉我们如何化输为胜。文章主要介绍了日本教育心理学但并没有告诉我们如何化输为胜。文章主要介绍了日本教育心理学教授教授Manalo的一项研究表明学生越早失败的一项研究表明学生越早失败,他们就能越早前进。告诉我们要教他们就能越早前进。告诉我们要教会学生不要害怕失败会学生不要害怕失败,这会让目标更容易实现。这会让目标更容易实现。16.【解析【解析】选选F。根据上文。根据上文People often say that“failure is the mother of success”.可知人们常说可知人们常说“失败是成功之母失败是成功之母”。以及第二段中。以及第二段中The issues 15 studies provide teachers and educational researchers with a guide for achieving success.可知本期的可知本期的15项研究为教师和教育研究者提供了成功的指南。由此可项研究为教师和教育研究者提供了成功的指南。由此可知知,本句承接上文对本句承接上文对“失败是成功之母失败是成功之母”这句话进行评价这句话进行评价,认为虽然说得有道认为虽然说得有道理理,但是也指出这句话并没有告诉我们如何将失败变成胜利但是也指出这句话并没有告诉我们如何将失败变成胜利,与后文一项研究与后文一项研究提供了成功指南相呼应。故提供了成功指南相呼应。故F选项选项“这句话虽然有一些道理这句话虽然有一些道理,但并没有告诉我但并没有告诉我们如何将失败变成胜利们如何将失败变成胜利”符合上下文语境符合上下文语境,故选故选F。17.【解析【解析】选选D。根据后文。根据后文Another confirmed that advice on failures is most constructive when the receiver is prepared to experience unpleasant feelings.可可知另一项研究证实知另一项研究证实,当接受失败的人准备经历不愉快的感觉时当接受失败的人准备经历不愉快的感觉时,关于失败的建关于失败的建议最有建设性。由此可知议最有建设性。由此可知,本句是在说明一项研究结果本句是在说明一项研究结果,且后文且后文Another与与D选选项中项中One相对应相对应,one.another.表示表示“一个一个另一个另一个”。故。故D选项选项“一项研究表明一项研究表明,学生越早失败学生越早失败,他们就能越早进步他们就能越早进步”符合上下文语境符合上下文语境,故选故选D。18.【解析【解析】选选A。根据本段第一句。根据本段第一句Manalo and his co-authors also focused on overcoming one everyday form of failure:not completing a task.可知可知Manalo和他的合著者们还专注于克服一种常见的失败和他的合著者们还专注于克服一种常见的失败:没有完成任务。由此可知没有完成任务。由此可知,这这项研究需要在学生们完成写作任务之前就停止。故项研究需要在学生们完成写作任务之前就停止。故A选项选项“然而然而,所有这些都所有这些都在完成前停止了在完成前停止了”符合上下文语境符合上下文语境,故选故选A。19.【解析【解析】选选G。根据上文。根据上文Afterward the researchers found that those in the instructed group were more willing to complete their articles,compared with those who lacked guidanceeven if the latter were closer to being done.可知之可知之后后,研究人员发现研究人员发现,接受指导的小组与缺乏指导的小组相比接受指导的小组与缺乏指导的小组相比,更愿意完成他们的更愿意完成他们的文章文章即使后者更接近完成。由此可知即使后者更接近完成。由此可知,本句承接上文说明本句承接上文说明,这项研究结果这项研究结果证明证明,知道如何完成比接近完成更重要。故知道如何完成比接近完成更重要。故G选项选项“换句话说换句话说,知道如何完成比知道如何完成比接近完成更重要接近完成更重要”符合上下文语境符合上下文语境,故选故选G。20.【解析【解析】选选C。根据后文。根据后文Stephanie Couch,the director of the Lemelson-MIT Program,holds the opinion.Couch,whose work was also featured in the special issue,says that we should tell them to think of failure as part of a process toward success.可知可知Lemelson-MIT项目主任项目主任Stephanie Couch持有这持有这种观点。种观点。Couch的作品也出现在本期特刊中。他说的作品也出现在本期特刊中。他说,我们应该告诉他们我们