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Module 2Developing and Developed Countries.单词语境记忆1.achieve ones goal实现目标2.battle position 战斗位置3.a smart kid 一个聪明的孩子4.have no ine 没有收入5.the price index 物价指数6.some household affairs 一些家庭琐事7.contribute to a charity 为慈善团体捐款8.vast grasslands 广阔的草原9.the inhabitants of our village 我们村的居民10.the freeway under construction 正在修建的高速公路 .词性转换与派生记忆1.measure vt.测定；测量；评估n.测量；措施；尺寸2.figure v.计算；认为n.数字；图形；雕像；人物；身材；画像；人影3.exchange v.交换；兑换n.交换4.hunger n.饥饿hungry adj.饥饿的5.poverty n.贫穷poor adj.贫穷的6.development n.发展develop v.发展developing adj.发展中的developed adj.发达的7.expectancy n.(根据概率得出的)预期数额expect v.期望expectation n.期望8.educate vt.教育；培养；训练education n.教育educated adj.受过教育的，有教养的9.crowded adj.拥挤的crowd n.人群 vt.推挤10.similarity n.类似；相似similar adj.相似的similarly adv.相似地11.unfortunate adj.不幸的；遗憾的unfortunately adv.不幸地fortunate adj.幸运的fortunately adv.幸运地fortune n.运气；财富12.tourism n.旅游业；观光业tourist n.旅行者，观光客tour vt.在旅游；巡回演出13.industrial adj.工业的industry n.工业14.polluted adj.受到污染的pollute vt.污染pollution n.污染15.entertainment n.娱乐entertain vt.使快乐entertainer n.演艺人员，表演者entertaining adj.有趣的，令人愉快的16.homeless adj.无家可归的home n.家，住宅homesick adj.想家的；思乡病的17.location n.位置；所在地located adj.位于(某处)的locate vt.使坐落于联想记忆1.盘点ant结尾名词inhabitant n.居民participant n. 参与者accountant n. 会计servant n. 仆人assistant n. 助手；助理2.合成名词(adj.n.)小聚freeway n. 高速公路loudspeaker n. 扬声器blackboard n. 黑板software n. 软件mainland n. 大陆3.“收入”名词集锦ine 收入pay 报酬salary 薪水wage 工资profit 利润pension 养老金earnings 收入，收益4.trans开头高频词全接触transport n. 交通transportation n. 运输transplant v. 移植transfer v. 运送transform v. 改造transmit v. 传输5.后缀less形容词大观园homeless 无家可归的hopeless 无望的breathless 气喘吁吁的endless 无休止的countless 数不清的sleepless 不眠的短语背诵1.up to达到；忙于；胜任；由决定2.at the top/bottom of 在顶端/底部3.make sure 确定；弄明白4.make progress 取得进步5.make efforts 努力6.in particular 尤其；特别7.be close to 接近；靠近8.such as 像，诸如9.as a result 因此，结果词块积累1.developed/developing country发达/发展中国家2.make money 挣钱3.in the last ten years 在最近十年4.receive a good education 接受良好的教育5.collect money 筹钱，募集资金6.make parisons 作比较7.be connected with 与有联系；与有关1.Norway is at the top of the list，while the US is at number 7.挪威高居榜首，而美国则排在第七。2.However，in other regions of the world，e.g.Eastern Europe，water is now mostly safe to drink.然而，在世界的其他地区，例如东欧，现在大部分水饮用起来很安全。3.Its an agreement between towns or cities of similar size and age.这是大小和历史相似的城市或城镇之间的一份协议4.Although more than 80% of children in developing countries go to primary school，about 115 million children are not being educated.在发展中国家，虽然80%以上的儿童都能上小学，但仍有约1.15亿儿童不能接受教育。5.This is because living with a foreign family for one or two weeks means that you have to speak their language，and as a result you improve fast.这是因为和外国家庭在一块儿生活一两周就意味着你不得不说他们的语言，所以你会进步很快的。.单词拼写1.Most people hunt for a job in big cities depending on whether it offers a high ine (收入).2.It is believed that the chimps are similar to human (人) beings in many aspects.3.She has been staring at the figures (数字) the whole afternoon in order to find out the mistakes.4.I havent worked with him and it is hard for me to measure (评估) his ability.5.It is convenient for the citizens to take the public transport (交通工具) and it is also environmentally friendly.6.Judging from the efforts he has made，I believed that Rambo can achieve his goal (目标)sooner or later.7.After many years of hard work，Jack now holds a senior position (职位) in a large pany.8.A group discussion in class provides a chance for children to exchange (交换) their ideas.9.The government has determined to help people in remote areas to fight against poverty (贫穷)in many ways.10.The scheme has been set up to help homeless (无家可归的) people.词性变化练习1.Tourism (tour)is the citys main industry and it attracts millions of people every year.2.I cant imagine that some children should die of hunger (hungry) nowadays in some countries.3.It is generally acknowledged that we have reached a very important stage in our countrys development (develop).4.I prefer to stay at home during holidays，because everywhere is crowded (crowd) with people.5.With the advancement of society，more and more people attach great importance to higher education (educate).6.It is our duty that we shouldnt expose the citizens to the polluted (pollute) environment any more.7.Although they are twins，they have no similarity (similar) to each other in characteristics and habits.8.Unfortunately (fortunate)，all the passengers on board were killed because of the air crash.9.In my opinion，the film last night is not just an entertainment (entertain).Its a film with a message.10.Some industrial (industry) waste is harmful to our environment，so we shouldnt throw it away everywhere.选词填空make efforts，in particular，at the top of，be close to，up to，be connected with，at the bottom of，make sure1.It is up_to you to decide where we will take a trip during our vacation.2.She made a promise to her parents that she would make_efforts to be the best worker in her pany.3.I came here only to make_sure that everything was all right.4.Seeing the famous singer，the fans are cheering at_the_top_of their voices.5.I found the book I wanted at_the_bottom_of the bookshelf at last.6.I want to find an apartment which is_close_to my pany so that I neednt get up very early any more.7.This pany has launched several types of cars this year，and one in_particular appeals to the young.8.Health problems are closely connected_with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise.完成句子1.He likes pop music，while_I_am_fond_of_folk_music.他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。2.Although_money_is_necessary_for_a_happy_life，it cant buy happiness.尽管钱对于幸福的生活是必要的，但它买不来幸福。3.The two children are of_the_same_age，but are of_different_heights.这两个孩子年龄相同，但身高不同。4.The apartment you remended to me is_fortable_to_live_in.你向我推荐的那套公寓住起来很舒适。5.Some people succeed，while others may not.This_is_because some people possess certain qualities，which others do not.有些人成功了，而其他的人则没能成功。这是因为有些人拥有一些特质，而其他人则没有。 核心要点突破1.position n.位置；姿势；地位；职位；处境；立场，态度(1)in a.position处于的地位/处境in/out of position 在/不在适当的位置(2)take up a position 占据位置；就位hold the position of 担任的职务单句语法填空One of the cups is out of position.Put it back in position.It is said that she will hold the position of pany manager who will take up her position next week.Sales director is a position where munication ability is just as important as sales skills.佳句背诵 Im writing to apply for the position as a student volunteer.(陕西高考书面表达)我写信申请学生志愿者的职位。名师指津 当position后跟定语从句且position在从句中作状语时，用关系副词where引导定语从句。2.measure v.测定；测量；评估；有长(或宽、高等) n.尺寸；措施be measured by/in用来衡量make.to ones measure 按某人的尺寸做take measures (to do sth) 采取措施(做某事)单句语法填空In the old days，my mother always made new clothes to my own measure with the Spring Festival ing.The new bridge under construction，measuring (measure) twice as long as the old one，is due to be pleted next month.佳句背诵 Right now，the government should take powerful measures to push the states economy forward.现在政府应该采取强有力的措施来推进国民经济。名师指津 measure作名词表示“措施”时，常用其复数形式。作动词表示“有长/宽/高”时，为不及物动词，不用于被动语态和进行时；若此意义的短语作后置定语时，要用现在分词形式。3.up to直到；达到；到为止；忙于；胜任；由决定一词多义 写出下列句中up to的含义California condors(秃鹫) are North Americas largest birds，with winglength of up to 3 meters.(2016北京高考)达到 Dont worry.He is up to the job you offered him.胜任 When and where the meeting is to be held is up to our headmaster.由决定 The children are very quiet.I wonder what they are up to.忙于 She continued to care for her father up to the time of his recovery.到为止It is up to sb to do sth由某人决定做某事It is up to you. 随你的便/由你来决定。live up to 不辜负，做到单句语法填空Life just gives us time and space.Its up to us to_fill (fill) it.佳句背诵 I am sure that I can perfectly live up to your expectations.(陕西高考书面表达)我确信我不会辜负你的期望。4.be/get close to接近，靠近；即将发生(1)close down(广播电台、电视台)停止播音，停播；(工厂等的)关闭，歇业 close up 关闭，停歇；靠拢；靠近；靠紧 (2)close v. 关闭 adj. 实力接近的，严密的，亲密的 adv. 靠近(指距离上) closely adv. 密切地，仔细地(主要指程度或关系的紧密) closed adj. 关着的，闭着的；停业的单句语法填空If the firms failed to make enough money，they would close down.The kids seated themselves close to the teacher and listened closely with great interest.(close)They are having a close talk with the door closed.Please dont disturb them.(close)佳句背诵 Not only did it get us close to nature and give us relaxation from heavy school work，it also promoted the friendship among us.(江西高考书面表达)它不仅让我们接近大自然，从繁重的学业负担中得到放松，而且还能增进我们的友谊。5.make efforts努力(1)make an effort/efforts/every effort to do sth(尽一切)努力做某事spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力做某事(2)with effort 努力地without effort 不费力地，容易地单句语法填空The little boat rolled down the river without effort with the wind behind her.Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to_pave (pave)the way for their success.佳句背诵 Therefore，the film industry should make greater efforts to attract more viewers.(2017江苏高考书面表达)因此，电影业应更加努力吸引更多的观众。名师指津 “尽一切努力做某事”的表达法还有： try/do ones best to do sthdo all that sb can to do sthdo what sb can to do sth6.while用作并列连词Norway is at the top of the list，while the US is at number 7.(教材原句)挪威高居榜首，而美国则排在第七。while用法归纳如下：(1)while用作并列连词，意为“而，然而”，表示一种对比关系。(2)while引导时间状语从句，意为“当时候”。(3)while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”，一般放在句首，相当于although。(4)while引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”。(5)while用作名词，表示“一会儿”。常见短语：after a while 过了一会儿；in a short while 一会儿以后；once in a while 偶尔，间或。Im happy to know that Ill stay with your family in the next few months while Im studying at the local high school.(2016浙江高考书面表达)我很高兴得知，我在当地高中学习的几个月里将和你的家人待在一起。一词多义 写出下列句中while的含义While never a big eater，he did snack a lot.尽管 For the riskseekers，a part of the brain related to pleasure bees active，while for the rest of us，a part of the brain related to fear bees active.而，然而 While there is life，there is hope.只要 考纲词汇专练.多义词专练写出下列句中figure的含义n.数字；图形；雕像；人物；身材；画像；人影v.计算；认为1.As for my favorite figure in Chinese history，it must be Wei Yuan，a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty.(2016北京高考书面表达)人物 2.Furthermore，around 50% of the worlds population live in regions where the figure is now below the replacement level.(2017江苏高考)数字 3.How does Mary manage to keep her figure when she eats so much？身材 4.Glancing round，he caught sight of a dark figure in the shadows.人影 5.I figured that he was drunk and shouldnt be allowed to drink more.认为 .微阅读写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义1.The total rise in agricultural ines in rich countries is greater than the fall in poor ones.(2016江苏高考)收入 2.If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars，we would go in darkness happily，the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal (夜间活动的) species on this planet.(浙江高考)大量的 3.With food our biggest weekly household expense，Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week.(2018全国卷)家庭的；日常的 .微完形根据语境选出合适的词语1.(福建高考)Looking back，Diana，a fashion(时装) designer，owes her achievements to the _ she set，the education she received from the college，and above all，the _ she made.Now Diana is very happy doing what she is doing.A.goal B.index C.position D.ineA.decisions B.progressC.efforts D.sense 答案AC2.Because of little ine，up to 10% of the people in this city lived below the poverty line.They had a strong hunger for a better life.Then Li Hua held the position of mayor in the city.He _ that the real poverty is not money but ignorance，so they required the government to take measures to develop education to make sure that all the children are _.A.guessed B.figuredC.hoped D.predictedA.educated B.protectedC.spoilt D.entertained答案BA.在空白处填入1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式热考常考1.If you dont understand something，you may research，study，and talk to other people until you figure it out.2.The train was very crowded (crowd)，so we had to stand.3.The aim of the project is to clean up the polluted (pollute) land as soon as possible.4.The floods in the region have killed hundreds and made thousands homeless (home).5.The several heads of the government choose to get their children educated (educate) at home rather than at school.6.Some tall trees，measuring (measure) more than 10 meters，were blown down.7.Lets make an exchange.You clean the room，and Ill do the shopping for you.8.On the other hand，the islands economy is largely dependent on tourism (tour).9.Steve was busy clearing the cups and dishes from the table while others were playing.10.When standing at the top of the hill，you will be amazed at the beautiful scenery.用所给动词的正确形式填空不规则变化1.He broke(break) away from his family and went abroad.2.When she saw many visitors enjoying seeing the beautiful Chinese vases on show，she felt(feel) proud of her country.3.She had_made(make) a list of things she must buy before she drove to the market.根据语境选出加黑词的正确含义熟词生义1.His remarks showed that he misunderstood my position on the question.C 2.She hungered for success so that shed do what she could to achieve it.B 3.I figured that he was facing difficulties and needed our immediate help.A.完形填空(2019浙江省名校协作体联考)On a recent trip to California, I was introduced to Smile Cards.I promised myself to _1_ an act of kindness before I left California.I _2_ thinking about it but I didnt know what to do.I reached the airport and the _3_ was about to begin when I saw an icecream store.I went in and told the guy at the store that I _4_ to do an act of kindness.The guy, named Jose, looked confused._5_ I explained I had just attended a conference, where I was told Smile Cards and _6_ to do an act of kindness.Jose showed _7_I told Jose, “Whoever is your next _8_， treat them to some icecream and then give them this Smile Card.” Jose _9_ read the card and agreed with a smile that was both grateful and _10_ at the same time.Since this was my first time, I wanted to know the _11_ of the receiver.“Jose, I have to catch a _12_， but here is my cell number.Would you be _13_ enough to call me and tell me the persons reaction？”He _14_I went to my gate, and as I was about to board, Jose _15_“I did the act of kindness.The person was very _16_， and asked me to express thanks to the person who paid for them！” I again thanked Jose and boarded the flight feeling _17_I really want to _18_ this practice of kindness.I am a professor and I love my work _19_ it makes a difference in the lives of others.And now, I realize that I can do that everywhere.The whole world is my _20_【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，作者主要叙述了最近在去加利福尼亚的一次旅行中，我得到了微笑卡片。通过接下来的善举，作者深切感受到了生活的意义，觉着拥有了整个世界。1A.startBfindCproveDexplain答案A句意：在我离开加利福尼亚之前，我答应自己要开始做善事。start“开始”。这里表示一件事情的开端。2A.practisedBenjoyedCtriedDkept答案D句意：我一直在想，但我不知道该怎么办。keep doing.一直在做，符合句意。practise练习，实践；enjoy喜欢；try尝试。故选D项。3A.checking BboardingCshopping Dbooking答案B句意：我到达了机场，登机即将开始这时我看到了一家冰淇淋店。board上(飞机、车、船等)。check检查，检验；shop购物；book预订；登记。故选B项。4A.managedBchoseCwantedDforgot答案C句意：我走进去告诉商店里的那个人，我想做一件善事。want to do sth想要做某事。manage设法；choose选择；forget忘记。故选C项。5A.ThenBAgain CYetDAnyhow答案A句意：然后，我解释说我刚刚参加了一个会议，承接上文，作者说明了来由。按照逻辑判断应该用then表示。6A.forcedBorderedCallowed Dinspired答案D句意：在会上，我被告知微笑卡并被激励做一个善意的行为。force迫使；order命令；allow准许；inspire鼓舞，激励。根据句意选D项。7A.relief BinterestCsatisfactionDdelight答案B根据下文Jose的表现可以推知Jose对此表现出了兴趣。relief减轻，安慰；interest兴趣；satisfaction满意，满足；delight高兴。根据语境可知选B项。8A.visitorBassistantCcustomer Dfriend答案C句意：无论下一个顾客是谁，请给他们一些冰淇淋，然后给他们这张微笑卡。到商店来买东西的应该是顾客(customer)。故选C项。9A.curiouslyBcalmlyCpolitely Dnervously答案A句意：Jose好奇地读了这张卡片，以一个既感激又困惑的微笑同意了。curiously好奇地；calmly平静地；politely有礼貌地；nervously紧张地。A项符合语境。10A.annoyedBtiredCfrightenedDconfused答案D句意(同上)，由于店员对此并非很了解，知道了作者的真正意图之后，表现出来又感激又不解的神情。11A.replyBreactionCexpression Ddecision答案B根据下文提示，可以得知作者想要了解下一位接受者对此举的反应。reply答复；reaction反作用，反应；expression表达；decision决定。故选B项。12A.bus BtrainCflight Dtaxi答案C根据上文提到“登机，机场”，可以推知此空应该填flight(航班)。13A.kindBbraveCwiseDreliable答案A句意：请你给我打电话，告诉我这个人的反应好吗？be kind enough to常用搭配结构“劳驾；恳请”。14A.refusedBagreedCsighedDfailed答案BJose同意了作者的要求，在下文一段话中也体现出来了。agree同意；sigh叹气，叹息。B项符合句意。15A.arrived BshoutedCappearedDcalled答案D根据上文可知，如果作者离开后有人接下来去做善举，请打电话告诉作者，所以这里用“call”表示“打电话”符合语境。16A.happyBactiveCspecialDclever答案A根据下文“请我向为他们付钱的人表示感谢。”这句话可以理解出这位受到帮助的人非常高兴。故选A项，happy高兴的，快乐的。17A.safeBluckyCproudDenergetic答案C作者因为一次善举给别人带来了快乐，他此时登机的心情应该是自豪的。proud骄傲的，自豪的。故选C项。18A.introduceBdescribeCexploreDcontinue答案D句意：我真的想继续这种善举。introduce介绍；describe描写；explore勘探，探测；continue连续，继续。D项符合语境。19A.onceBbecauseCifDthough答案B句意：我是一位教授，我热爱我的工作，因为它能改变别人的生活。作者通过自己的工作继续这种善举。前后为因果关系，故用连词because“因为”。20A.homelandBbattlefieldCplaygroundDmainroad答案C句意：整个世界都是我的游乐场。homeland本国，故国；battlefield战场；沙场；playground操场，游乐场；mainroad大路；主干道。故选C项。.语法填空None of the major traditional museums seemed to see it as a threat when the Museum of Ice Cream opened in New York in 2016. However, as more of these popup museums started ing 1._ existence over the next two years, they seemed to bee a trend that should have been taken more seriously. And the 2._(late) member to join this list is The Museum of Pizza, set 3._(open) in New York this October.It seems that museums are no longer places to 4._(mere) “see” art. People want to have more interactive experiences instead of keeping a polite distance from 5._(exhibit). At the Museum of Ice Cream, for example，visitors can jump into a pool of plastic sprinkles. And at the uping The Museum of Pizza, people 6._(lie) on a “pizza beach”，where they can experience a “wave of cheese”Not only are visitors taking pictures of art, but theyre taking pictures of 7._(them) within these spaces. This immersive experience 8._(give) by popup museums allows visitors to get away from their real lifeeven just for a short timeand enter a fantasy world. Maybe its this experience of feeling close to art 9._ allows popup museums to not only keep “popping up”， but also remain openat least for 10._ time being.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。近几年，快闪博物馆不断出现，越来越多的人喜欢去快闪博物馆一探究竟。1into考查介词。然而，在接下来的两年里，随着更多快闪博物馆的出现，它们似乎成了一个趋势。e into existence “出现，存在”。2latest考查形容词。最新加入快闪博物馆名单的成员是比萨博物馆，它准备今年10月在纽约开馆。根据语境可判断此处应填latest “最新的”。3to open考查非谓语动词。此处set to do sth “准备做某事”是固定用法，因此可知，此处要用不定式。4merely考查副词。似乎博物馆不再仅仅是“观赏”艺术的场所。此处修饰动词see，故用副词merely。5exhibits考查名词的数。exhibit是可数名词，在此表示“(一件)展览品，陈列品”，空前没有限定词，故此处应用名词复数exhibits。6will lie考查动词时态。而在即将开馆的比萨博物馆中，人们能够躺在“比萨海滩”上，体验“芝士浪潮”。与uping相呼应，说明动作即将发生，故用一般将来时。7themselves考查代词。与主语they呼应，此处表示他们给自己拍照，所以用反身代词themselves。8given考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已经有谓语动词allows，故本空应是非谓语动词，所修饰词experience是give的承受者，故用过去分词given表被动。9that考查强调句型。或许正是靠近艺术的这一体验让快闪博物馆不仅不断“闪现”，而且将继续开放下去至少现在是这样。分析句子结构可知，这是一个强调句型，被强调部分this experience.art作句子主语，指物，故应填that。10the考查冠词。for the time being “眼下，暂时”，是固定搭配，故填定冠词the。.应用文写作(2019绍兴中学一模)假定你是李华，你的网友Steven在当地的孔子学院(the Confucius Institute)主办的中文诗歌朗诵比赛(the Chinese Poetry Recitation Contest)中荣获一等奖。请你根据以下内容，给他写一封祝贺信。内容包括：1表示祝贺；2表达敬佩之情；3祝他取得更大进步。注意：1.词数80左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【参考范文】Dear Steven，I have received your email.I am very excited and inspired by the good news that you have won the first prize in the Chinese Poetry Recitation Contest organized by the Confucius Institute in your city.As
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