2019-2020年高考英语总复习微专题训练第46练人文社会类.doc

2019-2020年高考英语总复习微专题训练第46练人文社会类单词识记：century form government organizationrule historical charity councilban campaign federal royaladministration donate dynasty governincident ministry origin republic短语扫描：believe in信任；相信的存在a ban on.的禁令ban sb.from (doing) sth.禁止某人(做)某事the Federal Bureau of Investigation(FBI)联邦调查局beyond belief难以置信raise money for为筹款in the form of 以的形式be against the rules 违反规定rule out排除；取消the World Health Organization(WHO)世界卫生组织跟踪训练.语境填词1She was a woman of high position in the (govern)2I was asked to (组织) the trip，but I messed it up.3The book provides some interesting (history) facts.4Darwin came up with his idea about the (original) of man.5As is known to us all，such (事故) often result in war.单项填空6Youd sound a lot more polite if you make a request a question.Ain search of Bin the form ofCin need of Din the direction of7Shortly after the earthquake，many people hurried to the hospital to their blood.Adonate BshareCexchange Dpromote8If you can find a task in life worth working for and yourself，nothing can stop you.Alet out Bturn inCgive up Dbelieve in9As a peaceloving country，well declare a total on nuclear arms.Aban BarrivalCcontrol Dmovement10The experiment has the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet，but it does not mean there is no life on other planets.Afound out Bpointed outCruled out Dcarried out知识运用与阅读能力专练.完形填空(xx广东仲元中学月考)The day before Christmas I pulled into a store parking lot and counted my money again.It wasnt much.I 1 being poor，not having enough to 2 my small children a few simple toys.As I was 3 I noticed the Salvation Army(救世军) bell ringer at the 4 .I felt bad again because I didnt feel I could 5 anything to give him.I started walking towards the entrance 6 two cars entered empty parking spaces in front of me.The first was a 7 ，new Cadillac which became the 8 of me the moment I saw it.“How 9 ，”I thought，“would it be to have enough money to buy a car like that！” The second car， 10 ，was an ancient car more shabby than the one I was driving.A man got out of the Cadillac and hurried into the store 11 past the bell ringer without a second 12 .Out of the old car came a young mother with three small children following 13 behind her.Her clothes looked as 14 as her car，yet she stopped at the entrance and 15 a bill.In that second a(n) 16 touched me，my envy and dislike 17 me，and all the love and joy filled me.I fished a bill out of my own purse， 18 it in the Salvation Army kettle，and wished the 19 a “Merry Christmas！”Now I felt I was a poor man but rich on the 20 .After finding a few things for my kids，I drove home with my heart singing.1A.hated BpermittedCescaped Dregretted2A.make BbuyCaward Dlend3A.pulling out Bsettling inCgetting out Dcutting in4A.parking space BcounterCparking lot Dentrance5A.spare BsplitCspend Dsave6A.though Bsince7A.sharp BdullCpure Dshiny8A.target BenvyCitem Dbargain9A.nice BpreciousCrare Dexpensive10A.therefore BhoweverCanyhow Dbesides11A.merely BrightChopefully Dseldom12A.smile BnodCglance Dwave13A.firmly BbravelyCcasually Dclosely14A.worn out Bcast downCtired out Dbroken down15A.paid BpassedCdonated Drejected16A.equality BsympathyCapproval Dwarmth17A.left BvisitedCreached Dmissed18A.took BhandedCstarted Ddropped19A.salesman Bbell ringerCwoman Dman driver20A.wealth BluckCinside Doutside.阅读理解(xx天津市南开区三模)Looking back on my childhood，I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made.Although we were brought up in the same way，my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects.Unlike them，I had no ear for music and languages，I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic.Before World War we spent our summer holidays in Hungary.I have only the dim memory of the house we lived in，of my room and my toys.Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents，aunts，uncles and cousins who gathered next door.But I do have a crystalclear memory of dogs，the farm animals，the local birds and above all，the insects.I am a naturalist，not a scientist.I have a strong love of the natural world，and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations.I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil，reading about other peoples observations and discoveries.Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind.Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle(谜)，because it all seems to fit together.This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books, which some might honor with the title of scientific research.But curiosity，a keen eye，a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist；One of the outstanding and essential qualities required is selfdiscipline，a quality I lack.A scientist can be made.A naturalist is born.If you can bine the two，you get the best of both worlds.21According to the author，a born naturalist should first of all be .Afull of enthusiasm BselfdisciplinedCfull of ambition Dknowledgeable22The first paragraph tells us that the author .Alost his hearing when he was a childBdidnt like his brothers and sistersCwas born to a naturalists familyDwas interested in flowers and insects in his childhood23The author says that he is a naturalist rather than a scientist probably because he thinks he .Ajust reads about other peoples observations and discoveriesBes up with solutions in most natural waysChas a great deal of trouble doing mental arithmeticDlacks some of the qualities required of a scientist24The author cant remember his relatives clearly because .Ahe was fully occupied with observing natureBhe didnt live very long with themCthe family was extremely largeDhe was too young when he lived with them25Which of the following statements is TRUE?AThe author believes that a born naturalist cannot be a scientist.BThe authors brothers and sisters were good at music and languages.CThe author read a lot of books about the natural world and the oil industry.DThe author spent a lot of time working on riddles.答案解析高考高频单词与短语识记排查跟踪训练.1.government2.organize3.historical4.origin 5incidents.6.B考查介词短语辨析。句意为：如果你以提问的方式提出要求听起来会礼貌得多。in the form of“用的形式”，符合题意。7A考查动词辨析。句意为：地震后不久，很多人争先恐后到医院去献血。donate捐赠；share分享；exchange交换；promote促销，提升。故选A。8D 句意为：如果你能找到一项生命中值得为之努力的工作并相信自己，那么没有什么事能够阻挡你(成功)。believe in相信，符合语境。let out泄露，发出；turn in上交，呈交；give up放弃。9A句意为：作为一个热爱和平的国家，我们宣布全面禁止核武器。ban禁止，符合题意。10C考查动词短语的辨析。句意为：这次试验已经排除了那个星球上存在任何生命的可能性，但是并不意味着别的星球上没有生命。find out发现，查明；point out指出；rule out划去，排除；carry out执行，进行。答案为C项。知识运用与阅读能力专练.完形填空语篇解读 作者很贫穷，并常常为此感到不开心。但在一家停车场目睹了两个人截然不同的行为后，作者领悟到善心才是最重要的，内在的富有比外表的富有更重要。1Ahate厌恶；permit许可；escape逃脱；regret遗憾。根据上句：钱不是很多。可知：我厌恶贫穷。故选A。2Bmake制造；buy买；award授奖；lend借出。因为贫穷，我没有足够的钱给孩子买几个简单的玩具。故选B。3Cpull out拔出；settle in安顿，适应；get out出去；cut in插嘴，干预，突然插到前面。当我正在往外走的时候。故选C。4Dparking space停车位；counter 柜台；parking lot 停车场；entrance入口。因为是往外走，所以是在入口处。故选D。5Aspare 抽出，匀出；split 分离，劈开；spend 花费，度过；save节约，挽救，保留。我再一次感到很糟糕，因为我觉得我没有什么可匀给他的。故选A。6Cthough尽管；since既然；when当时；if 如果。我开始朝出口走，这时候两辆车驶进我前面的停车位。故选C。7Dsharp尖锐的，锋利的；dull迟钝的；pure纯的；shiny有光泽的。根据后面的new，可知第一辆车是新车，是有光泽的。故选D。8Btarget目标，靶子；envy妒忌；item条款，项目；bargain交易，便宜货。根据上文可知：作者家贫。所以当他看见漂亮的新车时有点妒忌。故选B。9Anice不错的；precious宝贵的；rare罕见的；expensive昂贵的。句意为：这车真不错！故选A。10Btherefore因此；however然而；anyhow无论怎样；besides另外，此外。然而，第二辆车是一辆破旧的车，比我驾驶的那辆车更破旧。故选B。11Bmerely仅仅，只不过；right正确地，恰当地；hopefully充满希望地；seldom很少，难得。一位男士从凯迪拉克里出来，恰好走进商店。故选B。12Csmile微笑；nod点头；glance一瞥；wave挥手示意。这个人经过the bell ringer时没有看第二眼。故选C。13Dfirmly坚定地；bravely勇敢地；casually随便地；closely紧紧地，紧密地。一个年轻的妈妈从旧车里出来，身后紧紧跟着她的三个孩子。故选D。14Awear out磨损，疲乏；cast down抛下，丢下，推翻，使沮丧；tire out疲惫，筋疲力尽；break down损坏，耗尽。她的衣服同她的车一样破旧。故选A。15Cpay支付；pass通过；donate捐献；reject拒绝。然而她停在入口，捐了一张钞票。故选C。16Dequality平等；sympathy同情；approval赞成；warmth温暖，热情。在那一刻，那种温暖感动了我。故选D。17Aleave离开；visit访问；reach到达；miss想念，错过。此刻我的妒忌和不喜欢离我而去，所有的爱和喜悦充满了我的身心。故选A。18Dtake拿走；hand递送；start开始；drop下降，掉下。我从我的钱包里拿出一张纸币，把它给了the Salvation Army kettle。故选D。19Bsalesman推销员；bell ringer敲钟人；woman女人；man driver男司机。祝愿the bell ringer圣诞节快乐。故选B。 20Cwealth财富；luck运气；inside里面；outside外面。现在我感觉我是一个穷人，但是我的内心是富有的。.阅读理解语篇解读 作者认为自然主义者是天生的，不是后天造就的。而一个科学家应自我约束、刻苦训练，并具备坚定的信念和明确的目标。从作者童年的经历和后来的成长，作者认为自己是自然主义者而不是科学家。21A细节理解题。根据第三段前两句“I am a naturalist，not a scientist.I have a strong love of the natural world，and my enthusiasm has led me into varied investigations.”可知一个天生的自然主义者首先应该有热情，答案为A项。22D推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“.my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects.Unlike them.”可知，作者的姐妹兄弟对于花、虫等不感兴趣，但作者与他们不一样，所以作者在童年对花草是感兴趣的，故答案为D项。23D细节理解题。根据最后一段中“One of the outstanding and essential qualities required is selfdiscipline，a quality I lack.”可知，作者明白自己缺少科学家的一个基本素质：自律，故选D。24A细节理解题。第二段作者回忆了在农场度过的日子，那里的狗、鸟、动物至今仍历历在目，但对那里的亲戚、房子、玩具已记不住了，可见他从小就被自然吸引住了。故答案为A项。25B推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“.my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects.Unlike them，I had no ear for music and languages.”可知作者不像他的兄弟姐妹，他不懂音乐和语言，也就是说作者的兄弟姐妹是擅长音乐和语言的，故选B。