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*,*,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,乳腺癌辅助化疗进展,全球乳腺癌发病概况,乳腺癌:是全世界最常见的女性肿瘤,2002年,全球约,1,151,298,新发乳腺癌病例被确诊;,410,712,人死于乳腺癌(每小时因乳腺癌死亡,48,人),中国乳腺癌发病概况,每年约有,20,多万新发乳腺癌病例,2002年全国乳腺癌年龄标化,发病率:,18.7/100,000;,死亡率:,5,.5/100,000,发病率:城市,农村,高发年龄段:4550岁,京津沪乳腺癌发病率增长趋势(每100,000人),上海,北京,天津,80,年代*,21.5,22.4,21.2,90,年代*,30.1,27.8,25.5,2000,年*,56.2,43.8,42.25,*,李连弟,饶克勤,中国市、县恶性肿瘤的发病与死亡,北京:中国医药科技出版社,2001:26,*,*,乳腺癌居京津沪女性恶性肿瘤发病首位 首都医药 2005,7:36-8,近15年来乳腺癌,发病率上升,死亡率下降,死亡率下降的原因,早期诊断,综合治疗,各期乳腺癌治疗原则,I,期:手术治疗(改良根治或保乳手术),目前趋向保乳放疗。对高危病人可考虑术后化疗,II,期:先手术,术后化疗,选择性放疗。,III,期:一般先行化疗,然后手术,术后化、放疗。,以上各期病人,如果受体阳性,则在化放疗结束后给予内分泌治疗,IV,期:采用化疗和内分泌治疗为主的综合治疗,淋巴结阴性乳腺癌患者的预后因素,患者年龄1,cm,核分级为,III,级,脉管瘤栓,ER,阴性,HER-2,过度表达,淋巴结阳性乳腺癌,一般应考虑术后辅助化疗,对70岁以上患者辅助化疗的疗效尚未确定,联合化疗降低年复发和死亡危险度的作用,亚组,复发(%),死亡(%),年龄 50,ER,阴性,(n=1,398),40 7,35 9,Age 10,拷贝数,无基因扩增,:3,拷贝数,临界值,:,不包括,死亡时间,(,月数),Log rank p0.001,Ross JS,Fletcher JA.Stem Cells 1998;16:413,428,HER2,阳性状态的患者无病生存期亦缩短,淋巴结阴性,Seshadri,R et al.J,Clin,Oncol,1993;11:1936,42,0,12,24,36,48,60,72,淋巴结阳性,100,80,60,40,20,0,无病生存概率,死亡时间,(,月数,),HER2,基因,3,拷贝数,HER2,基因,3,拷贝数,对数秩检验,p=0.001,HER2,成为早期乳腺癌预后判断的首要指标,H,E,R,2,状态,HER2,阳性,高风险,HER2,阴性,淋巴结阳性,淋巴结阴性,中风险,淋巴结阴性,低风险,赫赛汀,(曲妥珠单抗):人源化抗,HER2,单克隆抗体,高度亲和性(,K,d,=0.1nM),和特异性,95%,人源化,5%鼠抗,显著降低免疫原性(,HAMA),全球第一种治疗实体瘤的单克隆抗体,为,HER2,癌基因阳性的肿瘤患者带来了新的希望!,Trastuzumab,是包含了完整的,muMAB,4D5,抗原决定簇的人类,IgG1,的人体球蛋白,Killer cell,Macrophage,Herceptin,stimulates ADCC(antibody-dependent cell-mediated,cytotoxicity,),Fc,receptor,Herceptin,:,作用机制,赫赛汀,为,HER2,阳性的乳腺癌提供了新的靶向治疗手段,1992-1995,赫赛汀,单药应用治疗,HER2,阳性的转移性乳腺癌,1995-1998FAD,批准赫赛汀,与化疗药物一线联合应用治疗,HER2,阳性的转移性乳腺癌,2001-2002,完成中国注册临床:赫赛汀,二,/,三线单药治疗,HER2,阳性的转移性乳腺癌并在中国上市,2004,年欧盟批准赫赛汀,一线联合多西紫杉醇治疗,HER2,阳性的转移性乳腺癌的新适应症,2006,年欧盟批准赫赛汀,用于早期乳腺癌辅助治疗,欧洲上市,美国上市,Phase III,Phase II,Phase I,muMAb,4D5,HER2cloned,2000,1998,1995,1993,1992,1990,1985,2002,中国上市,200,4,MBC,新适应症,200,6,辅助治疗,适合中国国情的,HER2,检测推荐,CISH/FISH,3+,0/1+,2+,IHC,CISH/FISH,重新检测,-,+,赫赛汀,治疗,赫赛汀,治疗,-,+,赫赛汀,治疗,IHC:,免疫组织化学法,CISH:,显色原位杂交法,FISH:,荧光原位杂交法,肿瘤标本,(石蜡包埋),CISH/FISH,重新检测,+,H0648g,Slamon,AC,赫赛汀,+AC,紫杉醇,赫赛汀,+,紫杉醇,M77001,Marty,证实赫赛汀,提供最佳的生存优势,两个,关键性临床,多西紫杉醇,赫赛汀,+,多西紫杉醇,(n=469),(n=188),AC,:,环磷酰胺,表阿霉素,1.0,0.8,0.6,0.4,0.2,0,时间,(,月,),05101520253035404550,18,月,25,月,生存概率,40%,赫赛汀,+,紫杉醇,紫杉醇,赫赛汀,一线联合紫杉醇生存优势显著,(H0648g),7,个月,生存期,Slamon,D et al.N,Engl,J Med 2001;344;783,92,Extra et al.,Eur,J Cancer.2004;2:125.,1.0,生存概率,36,P,=0.0,3,2,5,8.5,个月,22.,7,月,3,1,.,2,月,赫赛汀,+,多西紫杉醇,多西紫杉醇,0.8,0.6,0.4,0.2,0.0,33,30,27,24,21,18,15,12,9,6,3,0,赫赛汀,一线联合多西紫杉醇延长患者总,生存期,时间,(,月,),化疗方案,有效率,(%),TTP,(,月,),生存期,(,月,),紫杉醇,17,3.0,18,赫赛汀,+,紫杉醇,1,2,49,7.1,25,赫赛汀,二线,/,三线治疗,18,3.3,16.4,35,3.5,24.4,赫赛汀,一线单药治疗,4,HER2,阳性转移性乳腺癌,越早使用赫赛汀,获益越多,多西紫杉醇,34,5.7,22.7,赫赛汀,+,多西紫杉醇,3,61,10.6,31.2,1,Slamon,et al.N,Engl,J Med.2001;344:783792.,2,Baselga,J.Oncology.2001;61(Suppl.2):1421.,3,Extra et al.,Eur,J Cancer.2004;2:125.Abstract 239,4,Vogel C,et al.J Clin Oncol 2002;20:71926,.,赫赛汀,辅助治疗突破性的临床数据,相关复发风险降低,(%),0,10,20,30,40,22%,42%,46%,31%,CEF,vs,CMF,Levine 2005,AC,T,vs,AC,Henderson 2003,化疗,赫赛汀,vs,化疗,Piccart,2005,三苯氧胺,vs,对照组,Fisher 2004,DAC,vs,FAC,Martin 2005,28%,HER2+,&,HER2-,化疗,+,赫赛汀,vs,化疗,Romond,2005,50,52%,HER2+,2005 ASCO,1703,1,591,1434,1127,742,383,140,1698,1,535,1330,984,639,334,127,100,80,60,40,20,0,Patients(%),Months from randomisation,1,2,36,1 year,trastuzumab,Observation,0,1,8,6,No.at risk,赫赛汀,辅助治疗,HERA,研究无进展生存时间,(ITT),24,30,Events,HR,95%CI,p value,0.64,0.54,0.76,0.0001,3-yearDFS,80.6,74.3,218,321,6.3%,HERA,研究,DFS,风险,(,ITT,),观察组和赫赛汀,一年治疗组,Months since randomisation,1703,1627,1498,1190,794,407,146,100,80,60,40,20,0,Patients(%),Months from randomisation,Observation,No.at risk,1698,1,608,1453,1097,711,366,139,赫赛汀,辅助治疗,HERA,研究总生存时间,(ITT),1 year,trastuzumab,Events,HR,95%CI,p value,0.66,0.47,0.91,0.0115,3-yearOS,92.4,89.7,1,2,36,0,1,8,6,24,30,59,90,Median FU 2 yrs,2.7%,赫赛汀,辅助治疗北美临床,N9831/B31,无进展生存时间,随机分组后年,Romond,et al N,Engl,J Med 2005;353:1673-1684,87%,85%,67%,75%,HR=0.48;p0.0001,100,90,80,70,60,50,0,1,2,3,4,5,2-year median follow-up,AC,P,AC P,H,n,Events,AC,PH1672133,AC,P1679261,Patients(%),18%,赫赛汀,辅助治疗北美临床,N9831/B31,总生存时间,AC,TH,94%,91%,87%,92%,AC,T,NDeaths,AC,T167992,AC,TH167262,HR=0.67,2P=0.015,Years From Randomization,乳腺癌辅助化疗(结论),化疗改善无病生存和总生存率,联合化疗优于单药化疗,多周期优于单周期化疗,化疗时间6个月以上不能增加疗效,蒽环类联合方案优于,CMF,方案,紫杉类联合方案对一些病人疗效更好。,对,HER-2,阳性乳腺癌,应考虑化疗联合曲妥珠单抗,乳腺癌辅助化疗的未来方向,基于循证医学证据的规范化治疗,基于病人基因型或表型的个体化治疗,生物靶向治疗联合化疗,谢谢!,
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