学术英语医学课件

学术英语学术英语 医学医学Academic English for Medicine学术英语 医学Academic English for MeUnit 6Life and MedicineDeath is an unavoidable and natural part of the life cycle.Medical advances and value changes have increased and acceptability of palliative care and hospice care,which can be provided to critically ill patients at home,hospitals or nursing homes.Unit 6Life and MedicineListeningDealing with unfamiliar wordsSuggested answersUnit 6 Life and MedicineListeningDealing with unfamiliListening Dealing with unfamiliar wordsIf the words dont hinder your understanding of the major points,just skip them over.Use contextual information,common sense,and background information to guess the word meaning.Sometimes,the speaker might use paraphrase or definition to explain the new term.If you fail to figure out the meaning of an important word,just move on and listen attentively to the speaker.Never let any new word distract your attention from the talk.Unit 6 Life and MedicineListening Dealing with unfamiListening Suggested answers1.Ayurveda is _ thats over five thousand years old.2.The Sanskrit root“ayur-”means_.3.The Sanskrit root“veda-”means_.4.Bhuta is the Sanskrit word for_.5.Doshas are _,which are actually the result of the pairing of the great elements.Task 1 Listen to a talk and complete the sentences according to what you heard.an ancient system of healinghaving to do with life or living wisdom or knowledgeelementbioenergetics forcesUnit 6 Life and MedicineListening Suggested answers1.Listening Suggested answers Task 2 Listen to the talk again and complete the following diagram.CosmosSpaceAir FireWater Earth Pitta Kapha Vata Unit 6 Life and MedicineListening Suggested answers Unit 6 Life and MedicineUnit ContentsLead-inText AText BText CListeningSpeakingWritingGet reading for Unit 7Unit 6 Unit ContentsLead-inTexLead-inTaskHow much do you know about hospice care palliative care comfort care management careWatch the video clip and see how hospice care is defined.Hospice philosophy of deathUnit 6 Life and MedicineLead-inTaskHow much do you knoText A Critical reading and thinking Topics for presentation Useful expressionsLanguage building-up Signpost language Vocabulary testSuggested answersUnit 6 Life and MedicineText A Critical reading and thCongestive:hyperemicDisinfect:除去（感染），给消毒 Chlorine is used to disinfect water.氯用来给水消毒。Palliate:to palliate a diseaseDialysis or kidney dialysis is a method of treating kidney failure by using a machine to remove waste material from the kidneys.透析，渗析透析，渗析 I was on dialysis for seven years before my first kidney transplant.在进行首次肾移植之前，我做了 7 年的透析。Congestive:hyperemicText A Critical reading and thinkingTopics for presentation1 Where do people spend their last time?Unit 6 Life and MedicineText A Critical reading and tText A Critical reading and thinkingTopics for presentationThere is no“right”place to die.-at home -in hospitals -nursing homes -hospice careUnit 6 Life and MedicineText A Critical reading and tMake sense1.讲得通；有意义 Can you make sense out of what this book says?你能理解这本书的内容 吗?2.明智的明智的,合情合理的合情合理的 It would make sense to leave early.还是早点走好。Make sense1.讲得通；有意义 2 What can the hospital do for George?Topics for presentationText A Critical reading and thinkingUnit 6 Life and MedicineVisiting hours:探视时间；探视时间；会客时间会客时间 The nurse informed me that visiting hours were over.护士告诉我们探视时间已经结束.2 What can the hospital do forText A Useful expressionsGeorge and those closest to him had previously decided that,no matter what,the doctor should try to do everything medically possible to extend Georges life.So,when George needed care,he went to a hospital,where doctors and nurses are available around-the-clock.Critical reading and thinkingUnit 6 Life and MedicineText A Useful expressionsGeorText A Topics for presentation3 What advantages does a nursing home have for end-of-life care?Critical reading and thinkingthe dying person生命垂危的人/临终者/弥留之际的人end-of-life care临终看护Unit 6 Life and MedicineText A Topics for presentatioText A Topics for presentation4 How shall end-of-life care be given at home?Critical reading and thinkingHiring a home nurse for additional help;Arranging for services(such as visiting nurses)and special equipment(like a hospital bed or bedside commode)Health insurancePlanning by a professional,such as a hospital discharge planner or a social workerHelp from local governmental agenciesDoctor supervision at homeUnit 6 Life and MedicineText A Topics for presentatio5How has the meaning of palliative care changed?Text A Topics for presentationCritical reading and thinkinga comprehensive approach to improving the quality of life for people who are living with potentially fatal diseasesonly symptom careUnit 6 Life and Medicine5 How has the meaning of palli6How has the meaning of palliative care changed?Text A Topics for presentationCritical reading and thinkingKnowledge of the subject matter Unit 6 Life and Medicine6 How has the meaning of palli6How has the meaning of palliative care changed?Text A Topics for presentationCritical reading and thinkingKnowledge of the subject matter Unit 6 Life and Medicine6 How has the meaning of palli6How has the meaning of palliative care changed?Text A Topics for presentationCritical reading and thinkingKnowledge of the subject matter Unit 6 Life and Medicine6 How has the meaning of palliText A Topics for presentationCritical reading and thinkingKnowledge of the subject matter 6How has the meaning of palliative care changed?Unit 6 Life and MedicineText A Topics for presentatio7.When will hospice be applied?What features does this approach have?Text A Topics for presentationCritical reading and thinkingUnit 6 Life and Medicine7.When will hospice be applie8.What might be the misconceptions about choosing hospice?Text A Topics for presentationCritical reading and thinking 1.Stopping treatment specifically aimed at curing an illness equals discontinuing all treatment2.Choosing hospice is a permanent decision Unit 6 Life and Medicine8.What might be the misconcepText A Language Building-up Signpost Language Giving examplesFor example,.A good example of this is.As an illustration,.To give you an example,.is a case in point.Such asUnit 6 Life and MedicineText A Language Building-up SText A Suggested answersTask 1 Overview Fill in the following table according to Text A to compare the similarities and differences between palliative care and hospice care.Critical reading and thinking Similarities Differences Palliative care1.Treatment of symptoms;2.Multidisciplinary service;3.Provided at home,hospitals,and specialized care centers;4.Reversible choice1.Service may be provided as long as possible;2.There is still hope for a cure.Hospice care1.Service usually provided to patients who have only 6 months to live;2.There is no hope for a cure.1Unit 6 Life and MedicineText A Suggested answersTask 1Text A Suggested answersTask 1 Overview Fill in the following table according to Text A to compare the advantages and disadvantages of end-of-life care at hospitals,nursing homes and homes.Critical reading and thinking2Place of end-of-life care Advantages Disadvantages HospitalsAvailability of medical resources,including doctors,nurses and facility around the clockHospital rulesLimited space Privacy issueNursing homesCloser relationship with nursing staffMore personalized care Limited access to doctors Privacy issue Homes Familiar environmentFreedom for family and friends to come and goPhysical,emotional and financial burden for the caregiversUnit 6 Life and MedicineText A Suggested answersTask 1Text A Task 1/Medical terminology Match each definition with its corresponding English term and Chinese equivalent.EnglishChinese Definition1treatment of disease,especially cancer,by means of chemical agents2treatment to destroy harmful microorganisms3surroundings like a crown(especially of the blood vessels surrounding the heart)4serving or tending to cure5separation of substances in solution by means of their unequal diffusion through semipermeable membraneschemotherapy化学疗法消毒，杀菌disinfection冠状动脉的coronarycurative治疗的，治愈的dialysis透析Suggested answersLanguage building-up2Unit 6 Life and MedicineText A Task 1/Medical terminoText A EnglishChinese Definition6 a deficiency of red blood cells7tending or serving to palliate8a federally sponsored health insurances program in the U.S.for persons of 65 or older9of,relating to,or affecting the lungs10of,relating to,or making use of several disciplinespulmonary肺的anemia贫血（症）palliative姑息/缓和的（疗法）Medicare美国联邦医疗保险multidisciplinary多学科的，跨学科的Task1/Medical terminologyMatch each definition with its corresponding English term and Chinese equivalent.Suggested answers2Language building-upUnit 6 Life and MedicineText A EnglishChinese DefinitiText A Task 2/Signpost language Scan the text and then write down the sentences in which signpost language indicating examples are used.1.These patients also receive symptom care or palliative care.For example,in time George developed anemia along with his heart failure.Managing the anemia can improve some of the symptoms troubling George.2.It is important to remember that stopping treatment specifically aimed at curing an illness does not mean discontinuing all treatment.A good example is an older person with cancer.3.Choosing hospice does not have to be a permanent decision.For example,Delores was eighty-two when she learned that her kidneys were failing.4.In order to make comfort care available at home,you will have to arrange for services(such as visiting nurses)and special equipment(like a hospital bed or bedside commode).Language building-upSuggested answersUnit 6 Life and MedicineText A Task 2/Signpost languText A Task 3/Formal EnglishRewrite the following sentences from Text A with a less formal style.1 If the dying person has lived in the facility for a while,the staff and family have probably already established a relationship.(Para.7)If the dying person has lived in the facility for a while,the staff and family have probably become as close as friends.2In a palliative care program,a multidisciplinary health care team works with both the patient and family to provide any supportmedical,social,and emotionalneeded to live with a possibly fatal illness.(Para.13)In a palliative care program,a health care team made up of people from different disciplines gives both the patient and family any medical,social,and emotional support so that the patient can live with a deadly disease.Language building-upSuggested answersUnit 6 Life and MedicineText A Task 3/Formal EnglishText A Task 3/Formal EnglishRewrite the following sentences from Text A with a less formal style.3Palliative care could transition to hospice care.Or,the palliative care could continue,with increasing emphasis on comfort care and less focus on medical treatment aimed at a cure.(Para.13)Palliative care could change to hospice care.Even if the palliative care continued,the emphasis should be put on comfort care,not on medical treatment or a cure.4Choosing hospice does not have to be a permanent decision.(Para.18)If you choose hospice now,you can change it later.Language building-upSuggested answersUnit 6 Life and MedicineText A Task 3/Formal English_ homes(养老院)_care(临终关怀)congestive heart _(充血性心衰)available_(24小时随叫随到)_ care unit(冠心病监护室)to _ to treatment(对治疗有反应)skilled nursing _(专业护理机构)_care(生命终末期护理)_ care(舒适护理)Text A Language Building-up Vocabulary Testnursing hospice failurearound the clockcoronaryrespond facilityend-of-lifecomfortUnit 6 Life and Medicine_ homes(养老院)Text A Lahospital _ planner(出院计划专员)symptom _(症状护理)_care(姑息疗法)_illness(绝症)chronic obstructive _ disease慢性阻塞性肺病_treatment(实验性治疗)spiritual _(精神顾问)_ all treatment(终止所有治疗)to go through _(经历透析)Text A Language Building-up Vocabulary Testdischarge care palliativefatalpulmonaryexperimentaladvisorsdiscontinuedialysisUnit 6 Life and MedicineText A Language Building-up Vin vitro _(体外受精)_ biology(基础生物学)embryonic_ research(胚胎干细胞研究)to _ with an outsider(与圈外人合作)a(n)_ baby(试管婴儿)_sciences(生殖科学)to administer_(施用激素)to isolate _ eggs(分离未成熟卵子)Text C Language Building-up Vocabulary Testfertilizationbasicstem cellcollaboratetest-tubereproductivehormonesimmatureUnit 6 Life and Medicinein vitro _(体外受精)Tex_ observations(经验观察)_ work(首创研究)a fibric-optic _(光导纤维内窥镜)_ guidelines(伦理原则)societal _(社会关注)_ couples(不孕不育夫妇)_ diseases(遗传疾病)cystic _(囊泡性纤维症)ethical_(伦理困境)Text C Language Building-up Vocabulary Testempiricalpioneeringendoscopeethicalconcern infertileinheritedfibrosisUnit 6 Life and Medicinedilemmas_ observations(经验观察Text CLanguage building-upSuggested answersUnit 6 Life and MedicineText CUnit 6 Text C Task:Translate the following from English into Chinese Suggested answers 为了实现体外授精，爱德华兹必须解开基础生物学领域的诸多难题，其中部分难题的解决为胚胎干细胞研究打开了大门。同时，他还必须面对来自宗教界、政界、甚至英国剑桥大学中名声显赫的同事的反对。尽管爱德华兹性格开朗、为人体贴、积极参与公开辩论，但是对于人们指责他的科研违反伦理，他还是感到很伤心。Unit 6 Life and MedicineText C Task:Translate the foSpeakingSeminar&PresentationTaskUnit 6 Life and MedicineSpeakingSeminar&PresentationSpeaking Analyzing your audience and purpose 1.Background information:Try to relate your message directly to your listeners common characteristics,including nationality,field of study,occupation,age,and sex,etc.Unit 6 Life and MedicineSpeaking Analyzing your audieSpeaking Analyzing your audience and purpose 2.Knowledge of the subject:Try to select the topics that your listeners are interested in.Dont present a topic that is too technical or too specialized for them.Unit 6 Life and MedicineSpeaking Analyzing your audieSpeaking Analyzing your audience and purpose 3.Wants and needs:Find your listeners wants and needs despite the fact that they vary from person to person and group to group.Unit 6 Life and MedicineSpeaking Analyzing your audieSpeaking Analyzing your audience and purpose 4.Level of English:Find out your listeners level of English.Make sure that you use language that everyone can understand.Unit 6 Life and MedicineSpeaking Analyzing your audieSpeaking TaskSuppose you are to going to make a five-minute presentation on one of the following topics and occasion.During your preparation,analyze the purpose and the audience of your presentation based on the principles mentioned.1.Introducing IVF to children at a primary school.2.Advocating hospice care at a community center.3.Presenting your reflections on euthanasia to your university peers.Unit 6 Life and MedicineSpeaking TaskSuppose you are Speaking Additional activityGroup Presentation Living wills,like euthanasia,have been legally accepted in some countries.However is it true in China?Work together with your partners and conduct a survey about it.The following prompts might be helpful to you.1.Do we have living wills or something similar in China?2.If so,what contents does a living will include?How are they implemented?If not,what might be the reasons for not adopting them?Unit 6 Life and MedicineSpeaking Additional activityGWriting Writing discussion/comment TaskUnit 6 Life and MedicineWriting Writing discussion/cWriting Research Paper Project Results DiscussionFactualObjectiveNumericalInformativePresentableValidExplanatoryInterpretativeAnalyticalCriticalEvaluativeIlluminatingUnit 6 Life and MedicineWriting Research Paper ProjecWriting Research Paper Project Task:Evaluate the samples according to the following checklist.Checklist of a discussion sectionSample 1Sample 2Recap the purpose or focus of the studyNoNoSummarize the findings of your researchYesYesAnalyze the findingsYesYesDiscuss issues arising from findings,relating to literatureYesYesMake conclusion(s)Yes YesIndicate implications/limitations/further investigationYes NoUnit 6 Life and MedicineWriting Research Paper Projec