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八年级下册Unit 5 单元笔记I语法小结一. if条件句1. if条件句：条件句用于陈述语气，表示假设的情况可能发生，其中 if 是“如果”的意思。 2. 用法：(1)条件状语从句通常由连词if引导，意为“如果、假如”.主句用shall或will。If you leave now, you will never regret it. (2)if “如果”，引导条件状语从句，if从句则用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。以上用法简称为“主将从现”。If it rains tomorrow, I wont climb the hills. If I go to college, I will never become a great soccer player.注意宾语从句中的if与条件状语从句if的区别。宾语从句中的if译为“是否”,而本单元条件状语从句中的if译为“如果”I dont know if it will rain tomorrow. If it rains, I will have to stay at home我不知道明天是否会下雨.如果明天下雨的话，我将不得不呆在家里。二. 现在进行时表示将来的时间1. 用be doing表示将来：主要意义是表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，常用于位置转移的动词，如：go，come，leave，arrive等， 也可用于其他动作动词，如：We are having fish for dinner. 我们晚饭吃鱼。We are moving to a different hotel the day after tomorrow. 后天我们会去另外一个旅馆。II.重点难点分析1. too much 和 much tootoo much 后接不可数名词，用来表示数量太多，意思是“太多了（数量多）”；much too后接形容词，用来说明程度的，意思是“太（程度深）”much too heavy 太重了 （表程度）错误：He has drunk much too water.正确：He has drunk too much water. 他喝了太多的水。2. be famous for 和 be famous asbe famous for表示“因而出名”， for后接表示出名的原因；be famous as则表示“作为而著名”，as 后接职业、身份或地位，表示作为职业、身份或地位是著名的，如：France is famous for its fine food and wine. 法国以其佳肴和美酒著名。Li Yang is famous as an English teacher 李阳作为一名英语教师而著名。3. I want you to remember the rules for school parties.我想让你记住参加学校聚会的规则。want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事 4. travel around the world 周游世界Her dream is to travel around China. 她的梦想是周游全中国。 5. If we have it today, half the class wont come.如果我们今天开聚会，全班有一半的同学将不来参加。wont 是 will not 的缩写，if 从句用一般现在时，主语用一般将来时。6.reasons for becoming a professional athlete 赞同成为一名职业运动员的理由for prep. （表示赞成、支持），其反义词为against Are you for his plan or against it? 你是赞成还是反对他的计划？Which team did you vote for? 你投票给哪一个队（组）？7. reasons against becoming a professional athlete 反对成为一名职业运动员的理由。against prep. 反对，与对抗注意：介词后面用名词或动词ing的形式 Are you against my plan? 你反对我的计划吗？ Our school played against No.1 Middle School at basketball yesterday. 我校和一中昨天比赛篮球。8.begin the story with the words.以这些话开头讲这个故事。begin with “以开始（开头）”eg. The word begins with “s”.这个词以“s”开头。 Does he know that a year begins with January?9. consequence 后果、结果 eg. We should consider the consequences before doing. 10. have a great time 玩得高兴11. take away 运走，取走 eg. Dont take it away. Ill use it. 不要将它拿走，我要用。 12. make a living谋生 v eg.He makes living as a driver. 他以开车谋生。13. make money 挣钱 eg. After he became famous, he made lots of money.14. let in 允许进入，嵌入 eg. Dont let the beggar in. 不要让那个乞丐进来。III.课文详解1. For many young people, becoming a professional athlete might seem like a dream job.对许多年青人来说，成为一名职业运动员可能似乎是一份理想的职业。might (表示可能性，推测) She might win the prize .她或许会获得那个奖。The child might be home already.那孩子说不定已回家了。seem like+ 名词 好像，似乎 It seems like years since we last met. 我们似乎好几年不见了。2. Youll be able to make a living doing something you love.你能做你喜欢的事来谋生。be able to +动词原形，“有能力做某事”e.g. She is able to learn English well. 她能学好英语。 Doing something you love.做你喜爱的事。3. People all over the world will know you.全世界的人将会认识你。 all over the world “全世界” 作定语，修饰它前面的名词people。4. This is a great chance that many people do not have.这是一个许多人所不能得到的难得的机会。that many people do not have是一个定语从句，修饰它前面的chance。5. Watch you all the time and follow you everywhere.一直看着你，你走到哪都跟着你。all the time 一直Look! The monkeys are running and jumping all the time.看，猴子们一直在跑在跳。everywhere 副词（adv.）到处The dog followed him everywhere.无论在哪，那狗都跟着他。6. get injured =be injured 受伤injured (adj) 受伤的eg. He was badly injured in the accident.他在那次事故中受了重伤。7. Youll have a difficult time knowing who your real friends are.你将很难知道谁是你真正的朋友。who your real friends are是一个宾语从句，它作knowing一词的宾语。I dont know where he is from.我不知道他来自哪里。8.I cant remember how to get to your house.我记不起来怎样去你家了。how to get to your house是不定式作remember 一词的宾语（此处不定式是指一个特殊疑问词+to+动词原形）这个不定式短语可以用宾语从句来替换如下：I cant remember how I can get to your house. Can you tell me how to get to Beihai Park?9.get enough exercise 得到充分的锻炼 exercise 名词，“锻炼”10.go back home 回到家，此句可以换成return home11. laugh at you 嘲笑你 laugh at sib.嘲笑某人 E.g. Dont laugh at a person who is in trouble. 我们不要嘲笑陷于困境的人。 八年级下册 Unit 5练习题一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. What will you do if you _ (not pass) the exams？ 2. I _ (sincere) believe that this is the right decision. 3. She has sent her baby to the _ (child) hospital. 4. Look! The children _(swim) in the river.5. If you become a _ (profession) athlete like Yao Ming, you can make much money. 6. I think Ill have a difficult time _ (know) who is who.7. I was _ (surprise) to receive a _ (surprise) result from my English teacher.8. China is _ (fame) for its delicious food.9. We live _ (happy) with our parents.10. Can you answer the _ (follow) questions? 二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。 1. Thank you for_ (tell) me the time of his coming. 2. When I came to the check-out, I_ (realize) that I had no money with me. 3. My English teacher always lets me_ (choose) the answer more carefully. 4. Tom is a good football player; he is good at_ (play) football. 5. The students will go to the Summer Palace if it_ (not rain) tomorrow. 6. If you helped me with my English, I_ (not fail) the exam. 7. It_ (hurt) your eyes to read in such poor light. 8. I like watching the children_ (swim) and jump. 9. Mary asked Li Ming_ (help) him with his Chinese. 10. Can you finish_ (read) this book in five days? 三、单项选择。 ( ) 1. Listen! Somebody is coming. No, _ is coming. I cant hear_. A. somebody, anybody B. anybody, somebody C. nobody, anything D. somebody, somebody ( ) 2. We _ go on a picnic if it _ rain tomorrow. A. dont, isnt B. dont, stop C. shall, doesnt D. arent, doesnt ( ) 3. He always thinks of _ more than himself. A. other B. others C. the other D. the others ( ) 4 .Get up early, or you cant _ the early bus.A. catch B. catch up C. catches D. catches up with( ) 5. Da Shan speaks Chinese _ for us to understand. A. good enough B. enough good C. well enough D. enough well ( ) 6. If you dont want to go swimming, I _. A. wont; too B. also wont C. wont, either D. wont, neither ( ) 7. He was_ tired _ he couldnt go on working. A. tooto B. suchthat C. sothat D. toothat ( ) 8. Its hard_ the work in two days. A. finishing B. to finish C. finish D. finishes ( ) 9. Our teacher said sound_ much more slowly than light. A. traveled B. was traveling C. has traveled D. travels. ( ) 10. I dont know if she_. If she_, let me know. A. comes; comes B. will come; comes C. comes; will come D. will come; will come ( ) 11.You_to school tomorrow if you go to look after your mother in hospital. A. dont need come B. dont come C. neednt to come D. neednt come ( ) 12. Everyone knows that “I” _ a word and also a letter in English. A. am B. is C. are D. be ( ) 13. She said that she _ more time in English next year. A. will spend B. will take C. is going to cost D. would spend ( ) 14. What an_ story! Im much _ in it. A. interested, interesting B. interesting, interested C. interesting, interesting D. interested, interested ( ) 15. Oh, its you, Lily! _ you _ here. A. I dont know, were B. I didnt know, are C. I knew, are D. I think, wereUnit 6 How long have you been collecting shells? 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. Thank you for _ (help) me with my English. 2. Many children are _(interest) in _(collect) stamps because they think it _(interest) to collect them and they can learn a lot from it. 3. You have been _ (play) computer games for a long time. It is bad for your eyes. 4. Our teacher told us some _(different) in food between _(west) countries and China. 5. In China people dont eat _ (separate). They usually order food to share. 6. English is very _ (use). So we should try our best _ (learn) it well. 二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。 1.How long _your father_(work) in the factory? Since he _ (leave) college. 2. How long _you _(listen) to music last night? 3. When _you _(attend) the after-school club? 4. He is always the first one _ (arrive) at school and the last _ (leave) school. 5. We _ (be) friends for the whole ten years. 6. _ (collect) old coins is my fathers hobby. 7. My father had me _ (clean) my bike, but I had it _ (clean) in the shop. 三、 按要求变换下列句型。 1. They have been talking for the three hours.一般疑问句 _they _for the whole three hours? 2. Li Lei told me he did well in the final exam.(同义句) Li Lei _ me _ he did well in the final exam. 3. To spit in public places is not polite.( 同义句) _ isnt polite _spit in public places. 4. We have been playing football for two hours. 划线部分 _ have you been playing football? 5. you , pictures , with, them , do, the , books , in , like (连词成句) _? 四、单项选择。1. There _ a pair of sport shoes under the bed.A. are B. is C. have D. has ( ) 2. There are many trees on _ sides of the road. A. each B. every C. both D. all ( ) 3. We _ 1000 English words since we _ to this school. A. learn, come B. have learning, came C. have been learning, come D. have learned, came 4. We have run _ rice, we will have to buy some this afternoon. A. out B. of C. out of D. out to 5. He is interested in _ English songs. 6. A. to collect B. collect C. collecting D. Collected7. The child _ trees for the whole four hours with his parents. 8. A. plants B. have been planting C. has been planting D. has been planted 7. The big tree in front of my house is _ years old. A. hundred B. hundreds of C. hundreds D. one hundred of 8. Yesterday I _ when I was cooking. A. had my finger cut B. had cut my finger B. C. had my finger cutted D. had my finger to cut 9. My bike doesnt work. I will _this afternoon. A. make it mend B. have it mended C. have it mend D. have it to mend 10. Have you ever _ the Great wall? A. been to B. gone to C. go to D. Been11. We like those who have only one idea but make it _. A. to work B. working C. work D. Works12. In Great Britain it isnt polite _ from each others plate. A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. for eating 13. That bag isnt mine. It may be _. A. somebodys B. somebody else C. somebodys else D. somebody elses 14. They have been skating _. A. for three hours ago B. since three hours ago C. three hours ago D. since three hours15. _, whats your hobby? A. In the way B. On the way C. To your way D. By the way 五、 完形填空。 通读全文, 掌握其大意, 然后选择最佳答案填空。 Answer the Telephone The telephone rang and the secretary(秘书), Miss Simpson answered it. “May I 1 to Mr. Calder, please?” a man said. “Who is 2 , please?” Miss Simpson asked. “Mr. Bright.” the man answered. Mr. Calder was in the office at the moment. Miss Simpson put her hand 3 the mouthpiece(送话器) and 4 to him. “ 5 Mr. Alan Bright, sir.” she said. “He wants to 6 to you.” “What? Again!” Mr. Calder exclaimed (惊叫). “He wants to sell us a kind of new typewriters, 7 he?”“Yes, sir,” Miss Simpson said. “He 8 yesterday.” “And he rang up five 9 last week. We dont 10 new typewriters. I told him that yesterday.” Mr. Calder said angrily. “Then what shall I 11 , sir?” she asked. “Tell him Im not 12 the office.” Mr. Calder said. Miss Simpson spoke 13 the mouthpiece, “Mr. Bright,” she said. “Im afraid you 14 speak to Mr. Calder now. Mr. Calder 15 that he is not in his office now. ” 1. A. ask B. speak C. talk D. tell 2. ( ) 2. A. said B. saying C. spoke D. speaking 3. ( ) 3. A. on B. in C. over D. with 4. ( ) 4. A. spoke B. speak C. speaks D. asks 5. ( ) 5. A. Hes B. Thats C. Its D. This is 6. ( ) 6. A. tell B. say C. ask D. speak 7. ( ) 7. A. does B. doesnt C. dont D. isnt 8. ( ) 8. A. call B. calls C. called D. calling 9. ( ) 9. A. hours B. times C. time D. minutes 10. ( ) 10. A. need B. use C. have D. sell 11. ( ) 11. A. ask B. speak C. say D. tell 12. ( ) 12. A. out B. on C. off D. in 13. ( ) 13. A. in B. into C. to D. over 14. ( ) 14. A. couldnt B. dont C. cant D. wouldnt 15. ( ) 15. A. says B. said C. say D. told 16. 六、阅读理解。 When you are ill, you should go to see a doctor. After the doctor looks you over, he will write you a note to take to the chemist for some medicine. Chemists are usually good at reading doctors notes. But sometimes doctors write too badly and even the chemist can not read them. One day a woman wrote to a doctor to invite him to have dinner with her family in the restaurant. The doctor wrote an answer, but he wrote too badly and the woman could not read it. “What shall I do?” she asked her husband, “I dont know whether he is going to come or not. I dont want to call and say that I dont understand him.”Her husband thought for a few minutes and then he had an idea. “Take it to the chemist,” he said, “He will be able to read it for us.” “Thank you,” the woman said, “Thats a good idea.” She went to the chemists shop and gave the doctors note to him. The chemist looked at it for a long time. “Could you wait a moment, Miss?” he said, Then he went to the back of the shop. After a few minutes he came back, carrying a large bottle. He gave the bottle to the woman. “Take one spoonful(一匙) every day.” He told the woman. ( ) 1. What did the doctor do when he was invited to have dinner in the restaurant? A. He said he could come on time B. he wrote the woman an answer C. he was very glad to come D. He wrote a note to the chemist ( ) 2. Why couldnt the woman understand the “note”? A. Because the doctor wrote badly. B. Because the woman didnt know much about medicine. C. Because the doctor didnt like to goD. Because the woman never went to school. ( ) 3. The husband wanted his wife to _.A call the doctor or have dinner with them.B. go to the chemist and get some medicine. C. take the reply to the chemist for help D. read it again ( ) 4. In the story, the word “chemist” means “_ in Chinese. A. 护士 B. 化验师 C. 药剂师 D.药房 ( ) 5. What did the man in the chemists shop give the woman at last? A. A piece of good advice. B. The right idea of the doctor.C. An invitation from the doctor. D. A bottle of medicine.
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