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. . . . 7B Unit 7 语法适用学科初中英语适用年级七年级适用区域版U7课时时长分钟60知识点1. 祈使句 2.感叹句教学目标掌握祈使句和感叹句的用法，会做相关考点的题。教学重点祈使句和感叹句的用法教学难点祈使句的反义疑问句教学过程一、课文复习1.DadHecomeshome,hasashower,Andeatsdinner,everyday.Now,hessittinginhisfavouritechairTootiredtolaughorplay.HereadshisbookornewspaperTolearnwhatsnewtoday.Soonhellgotobed.Hesaboringman,mydad.ThenIseehimworking,Onthebuildingsite.HeshighupinthecloudsHigherthanakite.HeswalkingonanarrowpieceofwoodNotworriedabouttheheight,Notafraid,notafraidlikeme.Hesasuperman,mydad.2. TheoldnewspapersellerHessittingatthenewspaperstandNearthebusstop,Andhessmiling.Itsveryhot.Buthessmiling.Abusstops,andthepeoplerushout.Theyrehurryingtowork.Theydonthavemuchtimetosmile.Theytaketheirpapersquickly,Andputdownsomemoney.Buthesapatientman,Andhesstillsmiling.Acrowdofpeople,Allverybusy,withtiredfaces,Andjustonesmile.Istherejustonesmileinthiscity?Orwillyoumakeittwo?Letsmakeamillionsmiles二、知识讲解考点1 祈使句Imperatives祈使句是用来表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止的句子。祈使句一般以动词原形开头，无时态和数的变化，句末用句点或者感叹号，读时用降调，在祈使句的句首或者句末加上please，以使语气更加委婉客气。祈使句有肯定和否认两种形式。1. 肯定的祈使句1动词原形+其他 Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。2Be + adj. Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心 / 当心！3Lets + 动词原形 Lets go to school together. 咱们一起上学去吧。辨析：lets与let uslets 是包括讲话者的谈话对象在。Lets try it again.让我们(一起)再试试吧。let us不包括讲话者的谈话对象在。Let us try it again. 让我们(自己)再试试吧。2. 否认的祈使句(1) Dont + 动词原形 Dont stand up. 别站起来。 Dont be careless. 别粗心。 Dont let them play with fire. 别让他们玩火。2Lets ( let sb ) + not + 动词原形 Lets not say anything about it. 对于这件事，咱们什么也别说。 Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。 Never+动词原形+其他。 Never be late for school.上学从来不要迟到。有些祈使句可用no开头，用来表示禁止。 No smoking！禁止吸烟！3.祈使句的反意疑问句(1) 肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问局部用will you 或wont you。 Please open the door, will/ wont you? 请把门打开，好吗？(2) 否认祈使句的反意疑问句反问局部只用will you。 Dont be late again, will you? 别再迟到了，行不行？(3) 以lets开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问局部用shall we。 Lets turn on the TV, shall we? 我们把电视打开，好吗？ 只有以lets开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问局部才用shall we，而let us 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问局部应为will you或wont you.如：Let us stay here, will/ wont you? 请你让我们留在这好吗？4. 祈使句的回答因为祈使句通常表示将来要发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或者wont。Dont forget to do your homework.不要忘记做你的作业。I wont. 我不会忘记的。随堂练习：一、单项选择1. The TV is too loud. Please_. A. turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it2. _ late again, Bill! A. Dont to be B. Dont be C. Not be D. Be not3. _ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. A. Not B. Wont C. Doesnt D. Dont4. Please help me carry it, _? A. will I B. will you C. shall I D. shall we5. Dont make so much noise, _? A. will you B. wont you C. shall we D. do you6. Do you know the girl _under the tree? A. stand B. to stand C. standing D. stood7. Kate, _ your homework here tomorrow. A. bring B. brings C. to bring D. bringing8. _ me the truth, or Ill be angry. A. Telling B. To tell C. Told D. Tell9. Ive kept the dog _Maomao for a long time. A. Name B. named C. naming D. to name10. Dont you know that _ is good for our health? A. swim B. swimming C. swam D. swims考点2 感叹句Exclamations感叹句是用来表达说话人对某人、某物或某件事表示赞美、惊讶、喜悦、气愤或悲哀等语气的句子，这类句子有强烈的感情，句尾用感叹号。感叹句通常由how或what引出。如果对句子中的名词或名词词组表示感叹，用what引出。 What+a/an+adj.+单数名词+主语+谓语+其他成分！其中主语和谓语可以省略。What an interesting book (it is)!多有趣的一本书啊！ What+ adj.+名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语+其他成分！其中主语和谓语可以省略。 What beautiful flowers (they are)!多漂亮的花啊！如果对句子中的形容词、副词或动词表示感叹，用how引导。 How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语+其他成分！ How hard the people are working!这些人们工作多努力啊！ How+主语+谓语！ How time flies! 时间过得真快呀！随堂练习：将以下的述句变成感叹句：1.Itisquiteanicepresent.nicepresent!2.Wehavefineweathertoday._weatherwehavetoday!3.Itssunnytoday._sunnydayitistoday!4.Thechildrenareworkinghard._ thechildrenareworking!5.Sheplayedbasketballwonderfully._sheplayedbasketball!6.Heisgoodatsinging._hesings!7.Hewasdoingwellindancing._a_dancerhewas!8.Theyhaveawonderfultime._theyhave!9.Thefishisverylovely._thefishis!10.Theyliveahappylifetoday._ _lifetheylive!三、 例题精析1.Jack,_,oryouwillgetheavier.A.doesntplaysportsanymoreB.doesnteatsomuchmeatC.dontplaysportsanymoreD.donteatsomuchmeat2._getoffthebusbeforeitstops.A.DontB.DoesntC.Didnt3.-Steve,didyouseethelanternshowwhenyouwereinFuzhou?-Ofcourse!_beautifullanterns!A.WhatB.HowC.Whata4. -_delicioustheicecreamis!Couldyougivemeonemore?Sure.A. WhatB.HowC.WhataD.Howa5. Tellthechildren_unhealthyfood.Itsbadfortheirhealth.A. nottoeatB.noteatingC.toeatD.eating6. Thelightintheofficeisstillon.Oh,Iforgotto_.A. turnitonB.turnitoffC.turnitupD.turnitdown7. Harrietislostandherparentsarereally_him.A. interestedinB.afraindofC.busywithD.worriedabout8. Yourare_youngtounderstandit.A. tooB.veryC.muchD.so9.Eddiewassleeping_Milliewasreadingamagazine.A.untilB.whileC.beforeD.after10.MrsBrownisnice.Everydayshetriedtocook_formeduringmystayinCanada.A.somethingdifferentB.anythingdifferentC.differentanythingD.differentsomething11.Mybrotherwonthefirstprizeinthespeechcompetition.Congratulations!You_beexcitedaboutthat!A.needB.mustC.wouldD.can12.Studentsnutritionmealwillbedoneresearchforinourcity.-_excitingnews!A.WhatB.HowC.WhatanD.Whatan13.WheresMrYu,doyouknow?-Well,itshardtosay.ButIsawhim_afootballgamejustnow.A.iswatchingB.watchingC.watchesD.watched14. WhydoyouturnofftheTV?Im_wakingthebaby.A.afraidofB.busywithC.carefulofD.tiredfor15.-_thesmalltownis!-Yes,itsmorebeautifulthan_townthatIvisitedlastyear.A.Howbeautiful;theB.Howbeautifully;theC.Howbeautifully;aD.Howbeautiful;a16.-_goodnewsitis!Thepandaswerefoundaliveaftertheearthquake.-Itsso_.A.Whata;excitedB.WhatexcitingC.Howa;excitedD.How;exciting17. -MymothersayswewontgotoHongKongDisneyland.Ijustcantunderstand.-_Youwerelookingforwardtoit.A.Nevermind.B.Enjoyyourselves!C.whatapity!D.Dontworryaboutit.四、课堂运用()1._thiskindofpeach,andyouwilllikeit.A.TotryB.TryingC.TryD.Tried()2._theradio,please.Thebabyissleepingnow.A.NotturnonB.DontturnonC.NotturndownD.Dontturndown()3.Pleasebringyourhomeworktoschooltomorrow,Steven.OK,I_.A. willB.wontC.doD.dont()4.Peter,dontsteponthegrass._.A.ItdoesntmatterB.IcantdoitC.DontworryD.Sorry,Iwontdoitagain()4.Remembertoaskhertocallmeback._.A. NevermindB.ThatsrightC.UptoyouD.Allright()5.Letsgooutandenjoythesunshine._.Itsboringtostayathome.A. SoundsgreatB.NotatallC.ForgetitD.Noway()6._lateforschoolagain,Tim!Sorry,IpromisethatI_.A.Dont;wontB.Dontbe;wontC.Dontbe;dontD.Dont;will()7.Boysandgirls,_upyourhandsifyouwanttogoforapicnicthisweekend.A. puttingB.toputC.putD.Puts()8.Whatafriendlyperson_!Weallliketalkingwithhim.A. isitB.isheC.itisD.heis()9._swimminginthisriver!A.HowgreatfunB.WhatgreatfunC.HowagreatfunD.Whatagreatfun()10._sadnewsitis!Wemusttryourbesttohelpthemoutoftrouble.A. WhataB.WhatC.HowaD.How()11.What_fineweatherwehavethesedays!A.aB.theC./D.an()12._lovelyday!Letsgoforawalk.A. WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa()13._dangerousitistorideonabusyroad!A. WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa()14._greattimewehadlastweek!A. HowB.HowaC.WhatD.Whata()15._manheis!A. WhatstrangeaB.HowastrangeC.WhatastrangeD.Whatstrange()16._interestingitistoswiminthesea.A. HowB.WhataC.WhatD.Howa()17._thesouptastes!A.HowgoodB.HowwellC.WhatgoodD.Whatwell课程小结1、 祈使句肯定结构的祈使句常以谓语动词原形开头。否认结构的祈使句常在谓语动词原形前加上Never或Dont。以let引导的祈使句结构，有以下几种情况：1.“Letme+动词原形，意为“请让我。2.“Lets+动词原形，意为“让我们，表示建议或请求。3.“Let+第三人称作宾语+动词原形，意为“让，表示愿望、命令或允许。在开头的动词原形前加Do务必或Always永远，表示强调。如：Dowritetousoften!务必经常给我们写信。2、感叹句what通常修饰名词，引导的感叹句的结构为：1. What+a(n)+形容词+可数名词的单数形式+主语+谓语+其他！2.What+形容词+可数名词的复数形式+主语+谓语+其他！3.What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语+其他！how通常修饰副词或形容词，引导的感叹句的结构为：1.How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语！2.How+主语+谓语！3、生词：4、错题：课后作业()1._finetheweatheris!A.WhataB.WhatC.HowD.Howa()2._weatherwehavetoday!A.AfineB.WhatafineC.HowafineD.Whatfine()3_badtheweatheris!AHowBWhatCWhataDHowa()4._interestingthefilmis!A.WhatB.WhatanC.HowD.Whata()5._excitingfilmwesawyesterday!A.WhataB.HowaC.HowanD.Whatan()6_excitingnewsyoutoldme!A.HowB.WhatanC.WhatD.Whata()7._greatfuntheyhad!A.WhataB.WhatC.HowD.Howa()8.Didyouandyourfriendsridebikestothebeachyesterday?Yeah._wehad.A.HowafunB.WhatafunC.HowfunD.Whatfun()9._goodtimewearehaving!A.WhataB.WhatC.HowD.Howa()10._funplaceShanghaiis!A.WhataB.WhatC.HowD.Howa()11._happylifetheoldlive!A.WhataB.WhatC.HowD.Howa()12._bluetheskyis!A.WhataB.WhatC.HowD.Howa()13._itistoday!AHowcoldBWhatcoldCHowacoldDWhatacold()14._dayitis!Itsrainyagain.A.HowbadB.WhatabadC.HowfineD.Whatafine()15-_hotitistoday!Letsgoswimming.Goodidea.A.HowB.WhataC.HowaD.What()16._thesunshineis!A.WhatabrightB.HowabrightC.HowbrightD.whatbright()17._hewrites.AHowgoodBHowwellC.WhatgoodD.Whatwell()18._hardworkitis!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Whatan()19._usefulworktheyhavedone!A.WhatB.HowC.WhataD.Whatan()20._itisraining!AHowheavilyBWhatheavyCHowheavyDWhatheavily()21._expensivetrousers!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Whatan()22._girlsheis!A.WhatcleveraB.HowacleverC.HowcleveraD.Whatclever()23._carelessheis!A.WhatB.HowC.SomuchD.Howmuch()24._nicepictureyougaveme!A.HowB.WhatC.WhataD.Whatan()25.Whichistrue?AHowtallthebuildingsare!BWhattallthebuildingsare!CHowtallbuildingstheyare!Dwhatatallbuildingstheyare!()26-_aniceday!-_.A.HowSoisitB.WhatSoisitC.Whatsoitis7 / 7
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