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高三英语语法知识点总结从句是高三英语语法学习的重点,也是英语写作中不可缺少的一个点。下面是 给大家整理的高三英语语法,供大家参阅!高三英语语法:表语从句来充作宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。如:He asked what you were doing last night. 他问你昨天夜晚在干什么。I didn’t know that he was wounded in the accident. 我原来不知道他在那事故中受了伤。Can you explain why he didn’t come to the party last Sunday? 你能解释上周星期日他为什么没有来参加聚会吗?在宾语从句中须注意:1. that 在口语中常被省略,但在正式的文体中,不能省;并且它一般不能引导介词的宾语从句,但可引导except, but, in 等少数介词的宾语从句。如:I didn’t know (that) he was Li Lei. 我不知道他就是李蕾。I will do anything I can to help you except that I’m ill. 只要我身体舒服,我愿做任何事情来帮助你。2. 宾语从句之后带有补足语成分时,一般须用it作形式宾语,把宾语从句放到句末,此时的that不能省。如:The boy has made it clear that they can’t play with his toys. 那个男孩已清楚的表明他们不能玩弄他的玩具。3. 动词advise, ask, demand, desire, insist(坚决主张), order, propose, request, suggest(建议)等代的宾语从句须用虚拟语气,即:(should) do的形式。He asked that we (should) get there before nine o’clock. 他要求我们在九点钟之前赶到那儿。The teacher advised us that we (should) not waste our time. 老师劝告我们不要浪费时间了。4. 宾语从句的时态与主句的时态须呼应。1)当主句谓语动词的时态是现在时或将来时,从句的谓语动词可用任何所需要的时态表示。如:He always says that he is our good friend. 他总是说他是我们的好朋友。When the teacher knows what we have done, he will say that we have done a good deed. 当老师知道我们所干的事情时,他会说我们做了一件好事。2)当主句谓语动词的时态为过去时,从句的谓语动词须用响应的过去时。如:He didn’t tell us he came from Shanghai. 他没有告诉我们他来自上海。He said he had read the book. 他说他读过这本书。3)但当从句的内容是客观真理或客观事实,而不受时间的限制时,即使主句谓语动词为过去时,从句仍用一般现在时。如Chairman Mao said that all the imperialists are paper tigers. 毛主席说一切帝国主义者都是纸老虎。When we were children, we were told that China is in the east of the world. 我们还是小孩子的时候,人们就告诉我们说中国在世界的东方。高三英语语法:表语从句用来作主语的句子叫做主语从句。如:(1)When he was born is unknown. 他生于何时还不知道。(2)What he did last night is being investigated. 他昨天晚上干了些什么正在调查之中。在主语从句中须注意:1. 主语从句一般用it作形式主语,放在句首,而将主语从句放到句末。如:(1)It is possible that he has stolen the car. 很可能他偷了小车。(2)Isn’t it strange that he should not have passed the test? 他测试没有通过,难道不奇怪吗?2. if引导主语从句时,只能用it作形式主语,放在句首,而将if引导的主语从句放到句末。如:It is uncertain if he will leave for Beijing tomorrow. 明天他是否去北京还不敢肯定。3. that引导主语从句放在句首时,that不可省,但在句末口语中可省。如:That he was ill yesterday is known now. 大家都已知道他昨天生了病。4. 连接代词引导主语从句只能放在句首。如;(1)Who has broken the glass is unknown. 谁打破了玻璃现在还不知道。(2)What he wants is all here. 他所要的东西都在这里。5. 主语从句中主句的谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式,但what引导主语从句的主句谓语动词的形式须根据句子的意思来判断。如(1)How he worked it out is still a secret. 他是如何把它做出来的还是一个秘密(2)What they makes in this factory are TV sets. 他们在工厂里所做的东西就是电视机。高三英语语法:名词性从句一、概说名词性从句,即指性质相当于名词的从句,它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从高考的考查的实际情况来看,名词性从句考得最多的是宾语从句,其次是主语从句,再次是表语从句,而同位语从句则很少考查。二、名词性从句的一般引导词1. 连接词 that 引导名词性从句时,只起连接作用,没有任何意思,也不充当句子成分,在宾语从句中可省略,但引导其他名词性从句时通常不省略。如:I hope (that) you enjoy your holiday. 希望你假期过得好。That he likes you is very obvious. 很显然他喜欢你。2. 连接词 whether 引导名词性从句也不充当句子成分,但有自己的意思,表示“是否”;引导宾语从句时,可换成 if,但引导其他名词性从句时不能换成 if。如(from .yygrammar.):He asked whether if I would show him the way. 他问我是否可以给他带路。Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 是否对我们有害还要看一看。(引导主语从句,不能用 if 代替 whether)3. 连接代词 who(m), whose, which, what 等引导名词性从句时,均有各自的意义,在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等。如:That’s why she wanted to leave. 这就是她想离开的原因。When we arrive doesnt matter. 什么时候到没有关系。Tell me which one you like best. 告诉我你最喜欢哪一个。4. 连接副词 when, where, why, how 等引导名词性从句,也各自有自己的意义,在从句中作状语。如:The question is how we should carry out the plan. 问题是怎样执行这个计划。When she’ll be back depends much on the weather. 她什么时候回来在很大程度上要看天气。Why he did it will remain a puzzle forever. 他为什么这样做将永远是一个谜。三、名词性从句的重要引导词1. what 用于引导名词性从句是一个十分重要的引导词,它可引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句,但不用于引导同位语从句。它引导的名词性从句有两个意思是:一是表示“什么”,带有疑问意味;二是表示“…所…的”,相当于一个先行词后接一个关系代词。如:I don’t know what you want. 我不知道你想要什么。I don’t know what you want is this. 我不知道你所想要的是这个。2. what 引导名词性从句时可用作限定词,其后修饰名词。如:I gave him what books I had. 我把我所有的书都给他了。He gave me what money he had about him. 他把身边带有的钱全给了我。注:what 后的名词可以是复数名词或不可数名词,但通常不能是单数可数名词,并且后接不可数名词时,有时可有little修饰,两者的区别是:what+不可数名词=所有的都,what little+不可数名词=虽少但全部。如:What friends she has are out of the country. 她有的那些朋友全在国外。We gave him what (little) help we could. 我们给了他我们力所能及的帮助。3. whoever, whatever, whichever 等也可引导名词性从句,其意分别为“所…的一切事或东西”、“任何…的人”、“…的任可人或物”等。如:Whoever wants the book may have it. 任何人要这书都可拿去。I’ll do whatever I can to help him. 我们将尽我们所能来挽救他。Buy whichever is cheapest. 买最便宜的。注意以下受汉语意思影响而弄错的句子:任何人来都欢迎(from .yygrammar.)。误:Who comes will be welcome. / Anyone comes will be welcome.正:Whoever comes will be welcome. / Anyone who comes will be welcome.另外,它们也可引导让步状语从句,其意为“无论…”、“不管…”,其意相当于 no matter who what, which。如:Whatever happens, you must be calm. 不管发生什么情况,你都必须镇静。(whatever = no matter what)He wont eat you, whoever he is. 不管他是谁,他也不能把你吃掉。(whoever = no matter who)注:whoever 引导名词性从句时既用作主格也用作宾语;作宾语时不宜用 whomever,因为在现代英语中 whomever 这个已几乎废弃不用。4. why 与 because 的用法区别。两者均可引导表语从句,但前者强调结果,后者强调的原因。如:I had a cold. That’s why I didnt come. 我感冒了,因此我没来。I didn’t come. That’s because I had a cold. 我没有来,那是因为我感冒了。五、名词性从句的语序名词性从句的词序与陈述句语序相同,尤其注意那些由连接代词who(m), whose, which, what 和连接副词 when, where, why 等引导的名词性从句,不要受它们在特殊疑问句中用法的影响而误用疑问句词序。如:Why was she crying? 她为什么在哭?I don’t know why he was crying. 我不知道她为什么哭。六、名词性从句的时态问题1. 当主句的谓语动词是过去式时,宾语从句若不是一个客观事实或真理,其谓语动词也必须用某种过去时态。如:She said that she didnt want to know. 她说她不想知道。I asked her whether she would agree. 我问她是否会同意2. when, if 这两个词既可引导名词性从句,也可引导状语从句。当它们引导名词性从句且表示将来意义时,要直接使用将来时态;但当它们引导状语从句且表示将来意义时,则必须用一般现在时表示将来意义。如:I don’t know when he will come, but when he comes, I’ll call you. 我不知道他什么时候,但当他来的时候,我会打电话给你。句中第一个when 引导的是宾语从句,故用将来时态表示将来意义;第二个when 引导的是时间状语从句,故用一般现在时表示将来意义。看过高三英语语法的人还
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