2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解增分基础训练（1）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解增分基础训练（1）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Since the end of World War I (WWI) in 1918，Canadians, and millions of others around the world have paused at the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month to honour the sacrifices our soldiers have made in different wars, fighting for the freedoms that we all enjoy today. Known as Remembrance Day, the day originated as a tribute to the soldiers of WWI， a dark period for our young country, which claimed the lives of over 60,000 military personnel and civilians and over 16 million dead worldwide.As there are no more surviving soldiers of WWI，today we rely on the wisdom and words of those soldiers who fought in the wars that followed，and this day now also recognizes their heroic contribution.They tell us to always remember what those brave souls fought for, and all they ask in return is that we never forget.Thats why we wear the red poppy (罂粟花);thats why when we see a soldier in uniform we should stop him or her and say “Thank you” ; thats why we take a pause from our busy lives for two short minutes today to honor that request.Yet this message is fading away, year after year.Take for example the terrible decision to allow parents to excuse students from Remembrance Day ceremonies at school.Not only is this disrespectful, it distances the student from his or her classmates.It is difficult to understand why any Canadian parent would want to remove their child from the time-honored tradition of reading the poem In Flanders Fields, while a wreath of poppies is laid.It is more important than ever to teach school-aged children about our history，no matter how violent it was. Sheltering them from the realities of war is a great disservice.Understanding why conflicts happened, or happen today, can help shape choices and decisions they make as adults.Of course, because we live in a free society, we cannot force an individual to do something. It is unfortunate, but some parents now have their child “opt-out” of the services. These people should be reminded they are free to make such choices only because of the men and women the rest of us are remembering.36.Which of the following is true about Remembrance Day?A.Its only held in Canada.B.Its ceremony lasts 11 hours.C.It falls on November 11th each year.D. Its to celebrate the countrys independence.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。第一段讲“自从1918年第一次世界大战结束，加拿大和数百万世界各地人，都在每年第11个月的第11天的第11个小时（也就是11月11日11时）停下来，向为我们今天所享受的自由而战，在不同的战争中牺牲的战士表示敬意。”故选C。37.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a Remembrance Day activity today?A.Stopping at 11a.m. to remember the war dead.B.Listening to stories told by WWI soldiers.C.Wearing a red poppy to show respect.D.Showing gratitude to soldiers in uniform.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。第一段，提到人们在每年11 月11 日11时停下来纪念阵亡战士，即A。第五段“Thats why we wear the red poppy (罂粟花);thats why when we see a soldier in uniform we should stop him or her and sayThank you”。提到戴红罂粟花和向穿制服的军人说谢谢，即C和D。整篇文章没有提到听一战战士讲故事。故选B。38.What can we learn from the passage?A.War history is too violent for school children.B.The writer was once a soldier in the Canadian army.C.Few students are willing to take part in Remembrance Day ceremonies.D.More parents are keeping their children away from frightening war stories.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。“Take for example the terrible decision to allow parents to excuse students from Remembrance Day ceremonies at school.”提到父母为孩子找借口离开纪念日仪式。倒数第三段“It is more important than ever to teach school-aged children about our history，no matter how violent it was. Sheltering them from the realities of war is a great disservice.”说明把历史教给学龄孩子是比以前更加重要，无论那是多么猛烈。对他们掩盖真相是极其有害的行为。这些信息都说明，更多的父母在让他们的孩子远离战争故事。故选D。39.The underlined word “It” in the last paragraph probably refers to _A.the death of so many soldiers in warsB.the fact that there were so many wars after WWIC.peoples ungratefulness for the freedom they haveD.removing children from Remembrance Day events【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。“It is unfortunate, but some parents now have their child “opt-out” of the services.”现在一些父母让他们的孩子选择退出服役。通过上下文可知，这是很不幸的。40.The writer believes that 。A.the sacrifice of the soldiers should always be rememberedB.Remembrance Day is being less important for soldiersC.schools - no longer think Remembrance Day is necessaryD.people should be forced to learn about the realities of war【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。倒数第三段“It is more important than ever to teach school-aged children about our history，no matter how violent it was. Sheltering them from the realities of war is a great disservice.”说明作者坚信战士们的牺牲应该永远被纪念。故选A。社会生活类阅读理解。You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or a creator. When you choose to be a victim, the world is a cold and difficult place. “They” did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering. “They” are wrong and bad, and life is terrible as long as “they” are around. Or you may blame yourself for all your problems, thus internalizing (内化) your victimization. The truth is, your life is likely to stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others. Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently. They know there are individuals who might like to control their lives, but they dont let this get in the way. They know they have their weaknesses, yet they dont blame themselves when they fail. Whatever happens, they have choice in the matter. They believe their dance with each sacred(神圣的) moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth. Victims and creators live in the same physical world and deal with many of the same physical realities, yet their experience of life is worlds apart. Victims relish (沉溺) in anger, guilt, and other emotions that cause othersand even themselvesto feel like victims, too. Creators consciously choose love, inspiration, and other qualities which inspire not only themselves, but all around them. Both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives. In reality, all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our lives. One person, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months, years, or even a lifetime. Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief, then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life. In every moment and every circumstance, you can choose to have a fuller, richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within, and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are. 1. What does the word “they” in Paragraph 1 probably refer to? A. People and things around you. B. Opportunities and problems. C. Creators and their choices. D. Victims and their sufferings. 2. According to Paragraph 2, creators.A. seem willing to experience failures in lifeB. possess the ability to predict future lifeC. handle ups and downs of life wiselyD. have potential to create something new3. What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A. Creators and victims face quite different things in life. B. Creators and victims are masters of their lives. C. Victims can influence more people than creators. D. pared with victims, creators are more emotional. 4. The examples mentioned in Paragraph 4 show that _ .A. strong attachment to sufferings in life pulls people into victimsB. people need family support to deal with challenges in lifeC. it takes creators quite a long time to get rid of their painsD. ones experiences determine his attitude toward life5. What is the authors purpose in writing this passage? A. To define victims and creators. B. To evaluate victims against creators. C. To explain the relationship between victims and creators. D. To suggest the transformation from victims to creators. 【参考答案】39.ACBAD 阅读理解。Wind is the great maker of waves. There are exceptions, such as the tidal (潮汐的) waves sometimes produced by earthquakes under the sea. But the waves most of us know are produced by winds blowing over the sea.Now before constructing an imaginary life history of a typical wave, we need to know certain physical things about it. A wave has height, from trough (low point) to crest (high Point). It has long-the distance from this crest to that of the following wave. The period of the wave means the time it takes for succeeding crests to pass a fixed point. None of these things stays the same-for all depend upon the wind, upon the depth of the water and many other matters.The water that makes up a wave does not advance with it across the sea. Each drop of water turns around in a little circle with the passing of the wave, but returns very nearly to its original position. And it is fortunate that this is so. For if the huge masses of water that make up a wave actually moved across the sea, sailing would be impossible.If we want to find the speed of a wave, we may use the following way:Speed = wavelength frequencyHere, wavelength is the distance between two high points (crests), frequency means the number of cycles per second 1. What causes waves?A. Earthquakes and nothing else. B. Only wind.C. Wind causes most waves. D. Wind causes some waves.答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节题。由第一段的最后一句话 “But the waves most of us know are produced by winds blowing over the sea.” 可知，答案为C。2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. The water of a wave moves away across the sea.B. The water of a wave remains almost at the same place.C. The water of a wave goes with the passing of the wave.D. The length of a wave means the distance from the top of a wave to the bottom.答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节题。从第三段 “The water that makes up a wave does not advance with it across the sea. Each drop of water turns around in a little circle with the passing of the wave, but returns very nearly to its original position.” 可知，组成波的水并不随着波的前进而前进，每一滴水随着波的前进形成了一个小圆圈，但是几乎回到原位置。故A，C错误，B选项正确。最后一段提到 “Here, wavelength is the distance between two high points (crests)”, 故答案D错误。3. The speed of Wave 1 is 100 cm/s, frequency 10. The frequency of Wave 2 is 300, while its speed is twice that of Wave 1. Which of the following is right?A. The wavelengths of the two are equal.B. The wavelength of Wave 1 is 10 times longer than that of Wave 2.C. The wavelength of Wave 2 is longer than that of Wave 1.D. The wavelength of Wave 1 is longer than that of Wave 2.答案解析：答案为D。本题为计算题。按照后文提到的公式 “Speed = wavelength frequency” 即可计算出答案为D。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。American actor Johnny Depp can best be described as unconventional. From his early life, his path into acting and even in his choice of movie roles，we can see that Depp has seldom taken the easy road. His willingness to take risks and do the unexpected has made Depp one of the few Hollywood actors able to achieve huge mercial success while maintaining his artistic reputation.Born in 1963，Depp was somewhat troublesome as a youth,.occasionally turning to petty-crime and drugs. When his parents divorced in 1978，Depp dropped out of school against his mothers wishes and started a music band called the Kids. Although the band achieved some success, they were seldom able to make ends meet， with Depp often unable to pay his rent, sleeping rough on friends sofas and even in his car.In 1983，the ever-optimistic Depp and his new wife, Lori Anderson, moved to Hollywood California to further Depps musical career. But life there continued to be a struggle and Depp was forced to take a job selling pens door to door to support his new family. His luck changed when Loris ex-boyfriend, the famous actor Nicholas Cage, impressed by Depps good looks and intelligence, suggested he bee an actor and helped him get a small part in a movie. Several other minor movie roles and a divorce from Lori followed，before Depp got his big break three years later. He landed the leading role in the television series 21 Jump Street，playing a youthful undercover police officer. The hugely popular show turned Depp into a teenage heartthrob overnight. He appeared on the cover of countless magazines and was much sought after by movie producers, eager to exploit his popularity with teenage girls.But Depp left 21 Jump Street after three years, when it was at the height of its popularity, later admitting that he hated the shows unoriginal storylines and his “pretty boy” character. In the decade that followed, Depp rejected repeated offers of “pretty boy” roles in big-budget Hollywood films. Instead he established himself as a serious, somewhat dark, peculiar performer, consistently selecting roles in smaller, independent films that surprise critics and audiences alike.Even in the movie that made Depp an international superstar, The Pirates of the Caribbean (2003 )，he was barely recognizable as Captain Jack Sparrow, the British，long-haired golden-toothed pirate. This and subsequent hit movies have placed Depp at the very top of the mercial film industry ( with a pay-check of $20 million for each such movie) but he still continues to make the smaller, stranger films for which he is so greatly admired.41.As a youth, Depp could be described as a _.A.serious criminal B. trouble maker C. drug addict D. successful musician【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。第二段“Depp was somewhat troublesome as a youth, occasionally turning to petty-crime and drugs.“ Depp 作为一个青年有点麻烦，偶尔还会犯点小罪和吸毒。这说明他是一个惹事生非的人。故选B。42.The underlined expression “make ends meet” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to 。 A. get together after a showB. meet their audienceC.play to the endD. earn enough to live【答案】D【解析】词义猜测题。后半句“with Depp often unable to pay his rent, sleeping rough on friends sofas and even in his car.” “Depp 经常不能付租金，睡在朋友的沙发上甚至是车里。”说明他们经常入不敷出， 也就是很少能收支相抵。即挣不到足够的钱来生活。故选D。43.In which order did the following events take place in Depps life?a.met Nicholas Cageb.started a band called the Kidsc.played a British pirated.sold pens door to doore. got married to Lori Anderson f. starred in a TV showA. d, b, e, a，c, fB. b，e，d，a，f，cC.a, b, f，c, d, eD. e，d, a，c，f, b【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。这几个事件最先出现的是第二段的“started a music band called the Kids.”他开创了这个乐队。故选B。44.Why did Depp leave the TV show 21 Jump Street ?A.The show was no longer popular.B.He wanted to perform in movies.C.He thought the show was terrible.D.He rejected planned changes to his role.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。第四段“later admitting that he hated the shows unoriginal storylines and his “pretty boy” character.” “后来确认，他讨厌这个节目模仿的故事情节和他漂亮男孩的角色。”可以看出，他离开21 Jump Street，是因为他认为这个节目很糟糕。故选C。45.Depps choice of movie roles throughout most of his career suggests that _.A.he valued interesting work over moneyB.he believed he couldnt play pretty boy” roles wellC.he was very popular with Hollywood movie producersD.he was more interested in shocking audiences than entertaining【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。文章最后一句话，尽管Depp位于商业电影的顶端，但他任然继续制作那种他所倾慕的更小，更陌生的电影。可见与钱相比，Depp更注重对工作的兴趣。故选A。