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Unit2Englisharoundtheworld,知识清单,(一)基本单词1._n航行;航海2._adj.本国的;本地的n.本地人;本国人3._adv.实际上；事实上4._adj.较后的;后半的;(两者中)后者的,voyage,native,actually,latter,单词,5._n.正直的,mand,request,accent,straight,(二)派生单词9._vt.以为根据n.基部;基地;基础_adj.基本的;基础的10._adj.逐渐的;逐步的_adv.逐渐地11._n.本身;本体;身份_vt.认出；鉴定,base,basic,gradual,gradually,identity,identify,12._adj.频繁的;常见的_adv.常常;频繁地13._n.词语;表示;表达_vt.表达14._vt.辨认出;承认;公认_n.认出;认识,frequent,frequently,expression,express,recognize,recognition,1.因为;由于_2.走近;上来;提出_3.以为基础_4.现在;目前_5.利用;使用_6.例如;像这种的_7.信不信由你_8.扮演一个角色;参与_,becauseof,eup,bebasedon,atpresent,makeuseof,suchas,believeitornot,playapart,短语,核心要点,1.nativeadj.本国的;本地的n.本地人;本国人【教材原句】NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydontspeakthesamekindofEnglish.以英语作为母语的人,即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同,也可以互相交流。,单词,【归纳】anativeofBeijing土生土长的北京人benativetoaplace(动植物等)原产于某地,2.basev.以为根据n.基部;基地;基础adj.卑鄙的;低级的;贱的,劣的【教材原句】ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthattheEnglishwespeakatpresent.当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的,而现代英语不是。,【归纳】base.on.bebasedon.根据;以为基础onthebaseof以为基础atthebaseof.在的底部,【提示】base.on.短语中,base为及物动词,主动语态中,base后应有宾语,否则base应用被动形式，即bebasedon结构。,汉译英。这部影片是根据辛克莱刘易斯的小说改编的。ThefilmisbasedonanovelbySinclairLewis.,3.mandn.C命令;指令;U掌握vt.命令;指挥;支配;博得;赢得,【归纳】mandsb.todosth.命令某人做某事mandthatsb.(should)do.命令某人haveagoodmandof掌握,精通atonesmand听某人支配，奉某人之命underonesmandunderthemandof由指挥,mand动词表示“命令,要求”时,一般不用作进行时;其后可接名词或代词作宾语；接带动词不定式的复合结构和that从句时,从句中的谓语动词应用虚拟,即“(should)动词原形”。,汉译英。如果你熟练掌握英语,你就有可能得到这份工作。IfyouhaveagoodmandofEnglish,itispossibleforyoutogetthejob.,4.requestn.要求,【归纳】makearequestfor请求;要求atonesrequestattherequestofsb.应某人的要求requestsb.todosth.请求/要求某人做某事requestthat.(should)do.请求做某事Itisrequestedthat.(should)do.要求,根据所给汉语完成句子。1.Icame_(应你要求)2.You_(请不要)smoke.,atyourrequest,arerequestednotto,5.recognizevt.辨认出;承认【教材原句】AlthoughmanyAmericansmovealot,theystillrecognizeandunderstandeachothersdialects.虽然很多美国人经常搬迁,但是他们仍然能够辨别、理解彼此的方言。,【归纳】recognizesb.认出某人berecognizedtobe/as.被认作/被认为是Itisrecognizedthat.人们公认,recognize/realize/knowrecognize指原来熟悉,经过一段时间间隔后重新认出来。realize指经过一个过程后“意识到”。know指相互十分熟悉和了解。,用recognize/realize/know的适当形式填空。Atfirst,hedidnt_thathehadbeen_byhisoldfriendwhohe_verywellinthepast.,realize,recognized,knew,1.becauseof因为;由于【教材原句】Laterinthenextcentury,peoplefromEnglandmadevoyagestoconquerotherpartsoftheworldandbecauseofthat,Englishbegantobespokeninmanyothercountries.后来,在17世纪英国人开始航海征服了世界其它地区。于是,许多别的国家开始说英语了。,短语,【拓展】dueto由于(作表语/状语)owingto由于(作表语/状语)asaresultof因为;由于(作状语)thanksto多亏;由于(作表语/状语)【提示】becauseof为介词短语;because为连词,完成下列句子。1)Hecamelatetoschoolagain_hegotuptoolate.2)Thegirlcried_whattheteachersaid.3)Wehavetocancelourtrip_thebadweather.,because,becauseof,becauseof,2.eup走近;上来;(太阳/月亮等)升起;被提出;长出;发生;开始流行【教材原句】Idliketoeuptoyourapartment.我很乐意到你的公寓去。,【拓展】eupwith想出(计划/答案);产生eabout发生ealong进展;进步;进行,eon快点;加油eto总计;总共;达到;说到eacross偶遇;碰到eout出现;显露;出版;结果是;公开表态eover过来;突然感到;顺便来访;在上空上方经过edown下降;潦倒;流传eback回来;恢复(知觉/记忆等);回想起;卷土重来;重新流行;反驳.,ein进来;起作用eby从旁边走过;得到;经过einto进入;得来;继承(财产)ethrough经历;脱险;安然度过ewith伴随.发生efrom来自;起源于earound顺便来访;苏醒;复苏etrue实现;成真,【提示】eup“问题,建议或方案等被提出”时为不及物动词短语,其主语通常为物,无被动语态;eupwith为“提出”,为及物动词短语,主语通常为人,宾语为表示“建议/计划/方案等”的名词。,用e短语的适当形式填空。1)Howdidit_thatheknewwherewewere?2)I_anoldschoolfriendinOxfordstreetthismorning.3)Agoodsolutiontotheproblem_atthemeeting.4)Whendidyou_thegoodidea?,eabout,eacross,eup,eupwith,3.makeuseof利用;使用【教材原句】Sobythe1600sShakespearewasabletomakeuseofawidervocabularythaneverbefore.所以到17世纪,莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。,【拓展】makefulluseofmakegooduseofmakethebestofmakethemostof充分利用makeup弥补;和解;编造;整理;化妆make-up化妆品;性格makefor走向;有助于;促进makeit成功;达到预定目标;幸存,makeadifference有影响;起(重要)作用makeupfor补偿;弥补makeof理解;推断;以.为材料制作makeover(财产)转让;移交;改造;重做makeupof由.构成;由.组成make-believe假装;假扮;幻想,makesense讲得通;有意义;言之有理makeout起草;说明;结论;辨别;理解makesure弄明白;设法确保makeprogress取得进步makeclear讲清楚;表明makeoff离开;逃走makeefforts=makeaneffort=makeallefforts=sparenoeffort作出努力,use的短语及句型【归纳】(be)outof/inuse不再使用，废弃不用/在使用中beofuse(tosb.)有用处，起作用eintouse开始使用Its/Theresnousedoingsth.没有用,翻译下列句子。这个火车站已经停止使用了。Thisrailwaystationisoutofuse.对于他来说，这个已经没有什么用处了。Thiswasnotofmuchusetohim.雨伞是什么时候开始使用的？Whendidumbrellaseintouse?问我是没有用的。我不比你知道的更多。Itsnouseaskingme.Idontknowanymorethanyoudo.,ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的，而现代英语不是。more.than.与其倒不如强调more后面的内容,表同一个人或事物的两种特征对比,more和than后接形容词/副词的原级,名词或介词短语等两个并列成分。,句式,e.g.Shewasmoresadthanangrywhenhersonlied.当她的儿子撒谎时,与其说她生气倒不如说她伤心。,morethan数词超过,多于morethan名词表不仅是,不只是e.g.Heismorethanascientist;heisalsoapoet.他不仅仅是位科学家，还是一位诗人。,写出下列句子中morethan的含义。1)Therearemorethan1,000studentsinourschoolthisyear._2)Hefeltmorethansurprisedtoseehisfathercame._3)Mr.Zhangismorethanateacher;heisalsomyfriend._,超过,非常,不仅仅,morethan形容/副词非常,很nomorethan=only只有,仅仅notmorethan至多,不超过otherthan除了ratherthan.而不是,nolessthan不亚于,竟达之多e.g.Theaudiencewasnolessthanfivethousand.听众有五千人之多。notlessthan不比差,至少e.g.Illstayherenotlessthanthreedays.我将待在这里至少三天。,直接引语与间接引语（二）,语法,转述祈使句时，采用“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。引述动词有ask,tell等。转述祈使句时，如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前加not。,e.g.Hesaidtome,“Pleaseopenthewindow.”Heaskedmetoopenthewindow.“Becarefulwiththedog,”shesaidtome.Shetoldmetobecarefulwiththedog.,Myauntsaidtome,“Dontreadinthesun.”Myaunttoldmenottoreadinthesun.Tomsfathersaidtohim,“Dontdrivetoofast.”Tomsfathertoldhimnottodrivetoofast.,“建议，提议”的祈使句时，可采用“suggest+动词-ing形式”或“suggest+that从句”，也可采用“offer+不定式”结构。引述感叹句时，常以what或how为被引述分句的引导词。,e.g.“Comenextweek,”Bobsuggested.Bobsuggestedmying/thatI(should)ethefollowingweek.,“Letmegiveyoualifthome,”Davidsaid.Davidofferedtogivemealifthome.“Whatalovelyhouseitis!”Petersaid.Petersaidwhatalovelyhouseitwas.“Howwellyoulook!”Janesaid.JanesaidhowwellIlooked.,将直接引语变为间接引语。1.“Pleaseturnontheputer.”Mymothersaidtome._2.“Dontmakesomuchnoise,boys.”Theteachersaid._,Mymotheraskedmetoturnontheputer.,Theteachertoldtheboysnottomakesomuchnoise.,3.“Whatalovelydayitis!”hesaid._4.Hesaid,“Letsgotothecinema.”_5.“Leavetheroomquietly,”Leosaid._,Hesuggestedgoingtothecinema.,Leotoldmetoleavetheroomquietly.,Hesaidwhatalovelydayitwas.,海报是一种常见的招贴形式的应用文。【写作任务】1.明确海报的主题明确你要写的海报主题是活动宣传、招聘广告还是人物介绍。2.确定海报的格式标题：居于海报正上方，用简洁、引人注目的语言概括要宣传的主题。,作文,如何写英文海报,正文：根据海报的内容灵活安排。海报的最前面要采用一些鼓动性较强的语句来吸引注意，常采用排比、反问、设问等修辞手法。列出海报的具体内容：写活动宣传时，先介绍要宣传的活动，再写活动的时间、地点、目的、活动安排以及主办单位等。写招聘广告时，先介绍职位，然后写对求职者的要求等。,写人物介绍时，先把人物名字放在显要位置，依次介绍该出生时间、地点、生平简介及特殊贡献等。结尾：海报发布者及时间常写在海报左下角（也可省去）。,【常用表达】活动宣传TitleDoyouwantto.?Doyouhavedifficultyin.?Whynot.?Ifyou.,youwill.Whyshouldyou.?Date:.Place:.Aim:To.Formoredetails,pleasecontact.,招聘广告TitleWouldyouliketobea(n).?Ifyouransweris“Yes”,wehaveajobforyouasa(n).Requirements:begoodat.;have.yearsofworkexperience;beabletospeak.anduse.;bekind/easygoing/friendly/patient/strict/careful/.Pleasecall.ifyouwantto.,人物介绍Title/NameDateofbirth:.Placeofbirth:.Career:.wasborninto.;.have/has/hadagreatgiftfor.;.is/wasaremarkableachievementfor.;Although/Though.lackshis/herfamilyssupport,he/shecontinued.,【写作任务】最近，你校成立了一个英语学习俱乐部（EnglishLearningClub）。现邀请同学们加入，请你根据所给提示要点设计一则英语海报，发布在你校英语论坛上。内容包括：1.标题；2.加入俱乐部的好处；3.结尾。,【参考范文】WhyshouldyoujointheEnglishLearningClub?tomeetnewfriendstodebateinEnglishtoreadEnglishnovelstolearnEnglishsongstowatchEnglishmoviestotalkinEnglishwithEnglishnativespeakersPracticemakesperfect.PleasejointheEnglishLearningClubtolearnEnglishwithotherEnglishlovers.,高考链接,1.(2014浙江改编)Wemostprefertosayyestothe_(request)ofsomeoneweknowandlike.答案:requests句意:我们大都更愿意答应我们所了解和喜欢人的请求。由语境可知,只能是对别人的请求(requests)说yes,即:答应对方的请求。,2.(2014北京改编)Thefilmstarwearssunglasses.Therefore,hecangoshoppingwithout_(recognize)答案：beingrecognized本题考查非谓语动词。句意：那位影星戴着墨镜,因此他可以在没人认出的情况下购物了。without为介词,后面接动词ing形式;thefilmstar与recognize之间存在被动关系,故用动词ing的被动式,即“beingdone”结构。,3.(2012江苏改编)_(base)animportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason,youwillregretitsoonerorlater.答案：Basing考查非谓语动词。you与base之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语,表主动。句意：如果凭情感而不是理智作出这个决定，你迟早会后悔的。,巩固练习,I.根据下列各句句意以及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示词，写出该单词的正确形式。1.Policearetryingtodiscoverthei_ofababyfoundbythesideofaroad.2.Readingisoneofthebestwaysofimprovingyourv_.,identity,vocabulary,3.Onecantraveltherebyshiporplane.Mostpeoplechoosethel_.4.Hisnamedidnotappearinthe_(官方的)report.5.The_(航行)fromEnglandtoIndiausedtotakesixmonths.6.Theplaceyourelookingforisthree_(街区)awayfromhere.,latter,official,voyage,blocks,7.Thedriverstoppedhiscarasthepolicemanc_.8.Visitorsarer_nottowalkonthegrass.9.Wehadntseeneachotherinthirtyyears,butIr_herrightaway.10.As_lineistheshortestdistancebetweentwopoints.,manded,requested,recognized,straight,II.用括号内单词的正确形式填空。1.TheyarenotAmerican,_(actual).TheyareCanadian.2.Astheweekspassed,I_(gradual)lovedlivingthere.3.BritishandAmerican_(spell)differinmanyways.,actually,gradually,spellings,4.Youshouldvisityoursickgrandmother_(frequent)tocheerherup.5.Idecidedtogotothemeetingasa(n)_(express)ofsupport.6.“Doyouhaveit?”isamonAmerican_(use),butitwouldbemorelikelyforBritishspeakerstosay“Haveyougotit?”,frequently,expression,usage,III.选用方框内合适的短语并用其正确形式填空（每个短语限用一次）。Maryenjoysplayingtennis.She_anyopportunitytopracticeit.2.Jackstartedworkasasecurityguard._heisateacherofphysics.,anumberof,atpresent,suchas,makeuseof,eup,makesuseof,Atpresent,3.Oneoftheteachers_andstartedtalkingtome.4._peopleetothemeetingfromalloverthecountry.5.Thelittlegirlknowsseverallanguages,_JapaneseandEnglish.,anumberof,atpresent,suchas,makeuseof,eup,cameup,Anumberof,suchas,阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Thereismuchdiscussionabout1._learningEnglishisimportantornot.Thosewhosayitis,pointtothefact2._manyinternationalpaniesrelyonEnglish-speakingemployees3._(municate)directlywiththeirEnglish-speakingcustomers.,whether/if,that,tomunicate,Sonowit4._(take)forgrantedthatbeingabletospeakEnglishwillprovidejobandpromotionopportunities.EnglishalsoopensthedoortoadvancedtrainingprogramsinEnglish-speakingcountries,5._requiresomeknowledgeofEnglish.Inaddition,Englishmakesstayingintouchwithwhatshappeningintheworldmuch6._(easy)asinternationalnewsandinformationisofteninEnglish.,istaken,which,easier,ButnotjustlearnersofEnglishasaforeignlanguagecanbenefit7._studyingEnglish,nativespeakerscanbenefittoo.Ifnativespeakersgoto8._countryandcantspeakthelanguagethere,eveniftheycantfindsomeonewhospeaksEnglish9._(fluent),thechancesaretheywillfindsomeonewhocanspeakenoughEnglishtohelpthemoutwhentheyarein10._tightspot.NowadaysevenalittleEnglishgoesalongwayinthisworld.,from,another,fluently,a,
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