java课程设计——扫雷

目 录1课程设计目的12课程设计题目描述和要求13课程设计报告内容23.1总体设计23.2详细设计43.3编码实现93.4系统测试273.5系统运行274总结30参考文献311课程设计目的本次课程设计的主要目的是为了通过具体的程序来加深对Java语言的掌握，提高自己的编程水平。选择的题目来自Java课程设计（第二版）中的扫雷游戏，这是一个综合性的题目，可以对Java中的各项功能有更好的理解和使用，同时也为以后的工作打下一定的基础。2课程设计题目描述和要求Windows 2000/XP系统提供的扫雷游戏是一个很有趣的游戏。本章的课程设计使用Java语言编写一个与其类似的扫雷游戏。具体要求如下：(1) 扫雷游戏分为初级、中级和高级三个级别，扫雷英雄榜存储每个级别的最好成绩，即挖出全部的地雷且用时最少者。单击游戏菜单可以选择“初级”、“中级”和“高级”或“查看英雄版”。(2) 选择级别后将出现相应级别的扫雷区域，这是用户使用鼠标左键单击雷区中任何一个方块便启动计时器。(3) 用户要揭开某个方块，可单击它。若所揭方块下有泪，用户便输了这一局，若所揭方块下五雷，则显示一个数字，该数字代表方块的周围的8个方块中共有多少颗雷。(4) 如果用户认为某个方块下埋着雷，单击右键可以在方块上标识一个用户认为是雷的图标，即给出一个扫雷标记。用户每标记出一个扫雷标记(无论用户的标记是否正确)，程序将显示的剩余雷数减少一个。(5) 扫雷胜利后(用时最少者)，程序弹出保存成绩的对话框。(6)用户可以选择标记疑问的方块，用可以勾选游戏菜单下的标记即可，此时双击右键并可出现“?”标记。另有颜色选项，当用户勾选此项时，游戏将以最低图像像素来显示。(7)如果用户需要即使提示声，并可选中声音选项，此时将听到计时的卡塔声。当用户点中雷时，将有爆炸声产生，胜利时，将有凯旋的旋律播放，此时程序中的头像出现欢悦表情。3课程设计报告内容3.1总体设计本程序需实现的主要功能有：(1)用户可以自定义级别并且可以任意输入雷数；(2)具有计时功能，即显示用户完成移动盘子所花费的时间；(3)用户可以选择是否有音效；(4)自动保存扫雷英雄榜。程序的总体功能如图3-1所示：图3-1 总体功能图程序各个类之间的关系如图3-2所示：图3-2 类之间的关系图程序总体流程如图3-3所示：图3-3 总体流程图3.2详细设计（1）扫雷棋盘的布局设计系统的整体布局为：CardLayout布局, 采用了菜单、按钮、面板等组件，菜单主要包括开始，选择级别，标记，扫雷英雄榜，退出， 按钮的功能是重新开始新的游戏。（2）雷区的设计MineArea类是javax.swing包中Jpanel容器的子类，实现了ActionListener和MouseListener接口，所创建的对象：mineArea是MineGame类中最重要的成员之一，作为一个容器添加到MineGame窗口的中心。标明MineArea类的主要成员变量、方法以及和MineGame类之间组合关系的UML图如图3-4所示：图3-4 MineArea类的UML图以下是UML图中有关数据和方法的详细说明：1、成员变量block是Block类型的数组，用来确定雷区有多少需进行扫雷的方块；blockView是BlockView类型的数组，负责为block数组中的Block对象提供视图；lay是LayMines类型的对象，负责设置block数组中的哪些方块是雷或不是雷；record负责提供保存成绩的界面，是一个对话框，默认不可见。用户只有扫雷成功后(用时最少)，才可以看见对话框；reStart是一个按钮对象，用户单击它重新开始游戏；time是计时器对象，负责计算用户的用时。2、方法initMineArea(int,int,int,int)方法可根据参数提供的数据设置雷区的宽度、高度、雷的数目以及雷区的级别；actionPerformed(ActionEvent)是MineArea类实现的ActionListener接口中的方法。当用户单击blockView中的某个方块时，actionPerformed(ActionEvent)方法负责执行有关算法，例如，当用鼠标左键单击方块上的按钮后，若该方块下有雷，actionPerformed(ActionEvent)方法将使用户输掉本局，若该方块下无雷，actionPerformed(ActionEvent)方法将显示blockView对象中的标签，该标签上是一个数字，该数字代表当前方块的周围的8个方块中共有多少颗雷；show()方法是一个递归方法。actionPerformed(ActionEvent)方法执行时将调用show方法进行扫雷；mousePressed(MouseEvent)方法是MineArea类实现的MouseListener接口中的方法，当用户按下鼠标有件事mousePressed(MouseEvent)方法负责让方块上显示一个探雷标记；inquireWin()方法用来判断用户是否扫雷成功，如果成功该方法负责让record对话框可见。所谓扫雷成功是指不仅找到了全部的累而且用时最少。雷区设计流程图如图3-5所示：图3-5 雷区设计流程图（3）音效的设计music类是java.awt包中Frame的子类，通过构造音效声音方法，在MainFrame主类中，通过ActionListener来监视是否已开始游戏，来决定播放计时声，之后又通过ActionListener来监视是否踩到雷和是否完成来决定，播放相应的音乐。下面标明music类的主要成员变量、方法以及和MineFrame类之间组合关系的UML图如图3-6所示，音效设计流程图如图3-7所示：图3-6 music类的UML图图3-7 音效设计流程图（4）排行榜设计LogDialog是javax.swing包中Jdialog对话框的子类，并实现了ActiongListener接口。LogDialog创建的对象dialog是MainFrame类（主类）的成员之一，当用户选择查看“英雄榜”菜单项时，该对话框可见，提供了查看扫雷的最好成绩的界面。标明LogDialog类的主要成员变量、方法以及和MainFrame类之间组合关系的UML图如图3-8所示，排行榜设计流程图如图3-9所示：图3-8 LogDialog类的UML图图3-9 排行榜设计流程图3.3编码实现MainFrame类：package nicholas.game.mine;import java.awt.*;import java.awt.event.*;import java.io.*;import javax.swing.*;import nicholas.awt.LedNumber;import nicholas.swing.AboutDialog;public class MainFrame extends JFrame implements ActionListener Voice 声音;boolean control=false;/UI components:户界面组件private JLabel mineLabel;private JLabel timeLabel;private JLabel statusButton;private JPanel gridPanel;private JPanel statusPanel;private Dimension gpd;private Dimension spd;private MineGrid grid;private boolean mode;private final int margin = 7;private final int titleh = 52;private int xBound;private int yBound;private int mineCount;private int showCount;/the amount of grids openedprivate int leftCount;/the amount of mines not labeledprivate int timepassed;private boolean firstClick;private boolean markCheck;/Menu Components:目录组件private JMenuItem startItem;/开局private JMenuItem exitItem;/退出private JMenuItem logItem;/英雄榜private JMenuItem aboutItem;/关于private JRadioButtonMenuItem levelItem;/级别private JCheckBoxMenuItem markCheckItem;/标记即是否能用？private JCheckBoxMenuItem soundItem;/声音/Game informations：游戏信息private LevelInfo levelInfo;private int currentLevel;private LevelLog log;private LedNumber led;private GridMouseAdapter gma;private StatusMouseAdapter sma;private TimeThread timeThread;private boolean sound;public MainFrame() super(扫雷);/defaultcurrentLevel = 0;levelInfo = LevelInfo.DEFAULT_LEVELcurrentLevel;log = new LevelLog3;for(int i=0;i3;i+)logi = new LevelLog();/read from filereadLog();led = new LedNumber();gma = new GridMouseAdapter();sma = new StatusMouseAdapter();/鼠标状态适配器/setup menussetMenuBar();setStatusPanel();resetPane();addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) writeLog();System.exit(0););setIconImage(ImageFactory.getInstance().getImageicon(16).getImage();setResizable(false);/execution application：应用执行即主类public static void main(String args) MainFrame application = new MainFrame();try UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName(); catch(Exception e) /file operation：文件操作private void readLog() /读取英雄榜try File logFile = new File(mine.log);if(!logFile.exists() return;ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(logFile);for(int i=0;i3;i+) logi = (LevelLog)ois.readObject();markCheck = ois.readBoolean();currentLevel = ois.readInt();if(currentLevel=3) levelInfo = (LevelInfo)ois.readObject(); else levelInfo = LevelInfo.DEFAULT_LEVELcurrentLevel;ois.close(); catch (Exception e) System.out.println(read fail);private void writeLog() /保存英雄榜try File logFile = new File(mine.log);ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(logFile);for(int i=0;i3;i+) oos.writeObject(logi);oos.writeBoolean(markCheck);oos.writeInt(currentLevel);if(currentLevel=3) oos.writeObject(levelInfo);oos.close(); catch (Exception e) System.out.println(write fail);/* *add status label to status panel */private void setStatusPanel() /状况显示板JPanel temp;statusPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout();mineLabel = new JLabel();/雷数显示mineLabel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLoweredBevelBorder();temp = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(1,4,4);temp.add(mineLabel);temp.setBackground(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);statusPanel.add(temp,BorderLayout.WEST);timeLabel = new JLabel();/时间显示 timeLabel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLoweredBevelBorder();temp = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(1,4,4);temp.add(timeLabel);temp.setBackground(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);statusPanel.add(temp,BorderLayout.EAST); statusButton = new JLabel();/状态按钮statusButton.setBorder(BorderFactory.createRaisedBevelBorder();statusButton.addMouseListener(sma);temp = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(1,0,4);temp.setBackground(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);temp.add(statusButton);statusPanel.add(temp,BorderLayout.CENTER);statusPanel.setSize(10,37);statusPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLoweredBevelBorder();spd = statusPanel.getSize();private void resetStatusPanel() /重新开始mineLabel.setIcon(new ImageIcon(led.getLedImage(leftCount,3);timeLabel.setIcon(new ImageIcon(led.getLedImage(timepassed,3);statusButton.setIcon(ImageFactory.getInstance().getImageicon(17);private void setGridPanel() /设置格子xBound = levelInfo.getXBound();yBound = levelInfo.getYBound();mineCount = levelInfo.getMineCount();MineGrid.xBound = this.xBound;MineGrid.yBound = this.yBound;grid = new MineGridxBoundyBound;mode = new booleanxBoundyBound;gridPanel = new JPanel();gridPanel.setBackground(Color.GRAY);/initialize grid panelgridPanel.setLayout(null);for(int x = 0; x xBound; x+) for(int y =0; y yBound; y+) gridxy = new MineGrid(x,y);gridxy.setIcon(ImageFactory.getInstance().getImageicon(9);gridxy.setBounds(1+y*MineGrid.SIZE,x*MineGrid.SIZE,MineGrid.SIZE,MineGrid.SIZE);gridxy.addMouseListener(gma);gridPanel.add(gridxy,null);gpd = new Dimension(yBound*MineGrid.SIZE+6, xBound*MineGrid.SIZE+6);/end of set grid panelprivate void resetGridPanel() leftCount = 0;int x,y,i,j;boolean temp;for(x = 0; x xBound; x+) for(y =0; y yBound; y+) gridxy.setIcon(ImageFactory.getInstance().getImageicon(9);gridxy.setStatus(MineGrid.NORMAL);/lay minesif(leftCount mineCount) modexy = true;leftCount+; else modexy = false;/exchangeshowCount = leftCount;for(x = 0; x xBound; x+) for(y =0; y yBound; y+) if(showCount=0) break;i = (int)(Math.random()*xBound);j = (int)(Math.random()*yBound);temp = modexy;modexy = modeij;modeij = temp;showCount-;/* *set up menu bar */private void setMenuBar() /设置菜单条 JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar(); menuBar.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.WHITE, 2); JMenu gameMenu = new JMenu(游戏(G); JMenu helpMenu = new JMenu(帮助(H); gameMenu.setMnemonic(G); helpMenu.setMnemonic(H); 声音=new Voice(); startItem = new JMenuItem(开局(N);startItem.setAccelerator(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_F2,0); logItem = new JMenuItem(扫雷英雄榜(T).); markCheckItem = new JCheckBoxMenuItem(标记(?)(M); soundItem=new JCheckBoxMenuItem(声音(S); exitItem = new JMenuItem(退出(X); aboutItem = new JMenuItem(关于扫雷(A).); startItem.setMnemonic(N); exitItem.setMnemonic(X); aboutItem.setMnemonic(A);aboutItem.setAccelerator(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_F1,0); logItem.setMnemonic(T); soundItem.setMnemonic(S);soundItem.setSelected(sound); markCheckItem.setMnemonic(M); markCheckItem.setSelected(markCheck); gameMenu.add(startItem); gameMenu.addSeparator(); /radio group levelItem = new JRadioButtonMenuItem4; ButtonGroup levelGroup = new ButtonGroup(); levelItem0 = new JRadioButtonMenuItem(初级(B); levelItem1 = new JRadioButtonMenuItem(中级(I); levelItem2 = new JRadioButtonMenuItem(高级(E); levelItem3 = new JRadioButtonMenuItem(自定义(C).); levelItem0.setMnemonic(B); levelItem1.setMnemonic(I); levelItem2.setMnemonic(E); levelItem3.setMnemonic(C); for(int i=0;i4;i+) levelGroup.add(levelItemi); levelItemi.addActionListener(this);gameMenu.add(levelItemi); levelItemcurrentLevel.setSelected(true); gameMenu.addSeparator(); gameMenu.add(markCheckItem); gameMenu.addSeparator(); gameMenu.add(soundItem); gameMenu.addSeparator(); gameMenu.add(logItem); gameMenu.addSeparator(); gameMenu.add(exitItem); helpMenu.add(aboutItem); startItem.addActionListener(this); markCheckItem.addActionListener(this); soundItem.addActionListener(this); logItem.addActionListener(this); exitItem.addActionListener(this); aboutItem.addActionListener(this); menuBar.add(gameMenu); menuBar.add(helpMenu); setJMenuBar(menuBar);private void showAboutDialog() String readme = ;File file = new File(readme.txt);if(file.exists() try BufferedReader input = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file);StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();String text;while(text = input.readLine()!=null)buffer.append(text+n);input.close();readme = buffer.toString(); catch(IOException ioException) AboutDialog dialog = new AboutDialog(this, 扫雷,readme,ImageFactory.getInstance().getImageicon(14),ImageFactory.getInstance().getImageicon(16);dialog = null;public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae) if(ae.getSource()=startItem) restartGame(); else if(ae.getSource()=markCheckItem) markCheck = markCheckItem.isSelected(); else if(ae.getSource()=soundItem)if(control=false)control=true;else control=false;else if(ae.getSource()=logItem) /show herosLogDialog dialog = new LogDialog(this, log);dialog = null; else if(ae.getSource()=exitItem) writeLog();System.exit(0); else if(ae.getSource()=aboutItem) showAboutDialog(); else /radio buttonsint x;for(x = 0; x 3; x+) if(ae.getSource()=levelItemx) break;if(x 3) if(currentLevel!=x) currentLevel = x;levelInfo = LevelInfo.DEFAULT_LEVELcurrentLevel;resetPane(); else LevelInfo newLevel = CustomDialog.getUserLevel(this, levelInfo);if(newLevel!=null) currentLevel = x;levelInfo = newLevel;resetPane();levelItemcurrentLevel.setSelected(true);/radio buttons/* *1.setup grid panel *2.restart game */private void resetPane() Container container = getContentPane();container.setLayout(null);container.removeAll();container.setBackground(Color.LIGHT_GRAY);setGridPanel();JPanel tempPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout();tempPanel.setBounds(margin, margin, gpd.width, spd.height);tempPanel.add(statusPanel,BorderLayout.CENTER);container.add(tempPanel,null);tempPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout();tempPanel.setBounds(margin,margin*2+spd.height,gpd.width,gpd.height);tempPanel.add(gridPanel,BorderLayout.CENTER);tempPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLoweredBevelBorder();container.add(tempPanel,null);int X = (int) (Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().getWidth() - (gpd.width+3*margin-1) / 2;int Y = (int) (Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().getHeight() - (gpd.height+spd.height+4*margin+titleh) / 2;setLocation(X, Y);setSize(gpd.width+3*margin-1, gpd.height+spd.height+4*margin+titleh);show();restartGame();private void restartGame() timepassed = 0;timeThread = null;firstClick = true;resetGridPanel();resetStatusPanel();/Method labelMineprivate void labelMine(MineGrid g) if(markCheck) /being labeled then to markedif(g.isLabeled() g.setMarked(true);g.setStatus(MineGrid.NORMAL);g.setIcon(ImageFactory.getInstance().getImageicon(13);leftCount+; else /normal but marked then to normalif(g.isMarked() g.setMarked(false);g.setIcon(ImageFactory.getInstance().getImageicon(9); else /normal and not marked then to labeledg.setIcon(ImageFactory.getInstance().getImageicon(10);g.setStatus(MineGrid.LABELED);leftCount-; else /being labeledif(g.isLabeled() g.setIcon(ImageFactory.getInstance().getImageicon(9);g.setStatus(MineGrid.NORMAL);leftCount+; else /not being labeledg.setIcon(ImageFactory.getInstance().getImageicon(10);g.setStatus(MineGrid.LABELED);leftCount-;/upgrade mineLabelmineLabel.setIcon(new ImageIcon(led.getLedImage(leftCount,3);/when gridi been clicked(cl indicate the botton).private void clickGrid(int x, int y, int cl) int count=0;int lcount=0;/change status to clickedgridxy.setStatus(MineGrid.CLICKED);/mine is clicked：碰雷if(modexy) gridxy.setIcon(ImageFactory.getInstance().getImageicon(12);if(control=true)声音.exploringVoice();endGame(0);return;/if(control=true)声音.notifyVoice();/not mine/count mines and labeled grids around gridxyfor(int i=gridxy.xlow;i=gridxy.xhigh;i+) for(int j=gridxy.ylow;j=gridxy.yhigh;j+) if(modeij)count+;if(gridij.isLabeled()lcount+;/end count/click by left button：单击左键if(cl=1) gridxy.setIcon(ImageFactory.getInstance().getImageicon(count);showCount+;if( showCount = xBound*yBound - mineCount) endGame(1);return;/no mine aroundif(cl=1&count=0)|cl=2&count=lcount) for(int i=gridxy.xlow;i=gridxy.xhigh;i+) for(int j=gridxy.ylow;j=gridxy.yhigh;j+) if(i=x&j=y) continue;else if(gridij.isNormal()clickGrid(i,j,1);/execute on winning or losingprivate void endGame(int status) /stop counting timetimeThread=null;/winif(status=1) statusButton.setIcon(ImageFactory.getInstance().getImageicon(19);for(int x = 0; x xBound; x+) for(int y = 0; y yBound; y+) /show mines not labeledif(modexy&gridxy.isNormal()gridxy.setIcon(ImageFactory.getInstance().getImageicon(10);gridxy.setStatus(MineGrid.CLICKED);leftCount = 0;mineLabel.setIcon(new ImageIcon(led.getLedImage(0,3);/show user name inputif(currentLevel3&timepassedlogcurrentLevel.getRecord() logcurrentLevel.setRecord(timepassed);logcurrentLevel.setUserName(UserDialog.showInputNameDialog(this,currentLevel,logcurrentLevel.getUserName();LogDialog dialog = new LogDialog(this, log); /loseelse statusButton.setIcon(ImageFactory.getInstance().getImageicon(20);for(int x = 0; x xBound; x+) for(int y = 0; y yBound; y+) /show mines not labeledif(modexy&gridxy.isNormal()gridxy.setIcon(ImageFactory.getInstance().getImageicon(11);/show grid wrong labeledelse if(!modexy&gridxy.isLabeled()gridxy.setIcon(ImageFactory.getInstance().getImageicon(15);/forbid any actionsgridxy.setStatus(MineGrid.CLICKED);private class StatusMouseAdapter extends MouseAdapter private boolean mouseIn;private boolean mouseDown;private Icon icon;public StatusMouseAdapter() super();public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent me) mouseIn = true;if(mouseDown) statusButton.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLoweredBevelBorder();icon = statusButton.getIcon();statusButton.setIcon(ImageFactory.getInstance().getImageicon(18);public void mousePressed(MouseEvent me) /按下鼠标mouseDown = true;statusButton.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLoweredBevelBorder();icon = statusButton.getIcon();statusButton.setIcon(ImageFactory.getInstance().getImageicon(18);public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent me) /释放鼠标mouseDown = false;statusButton.setIcon(icon);statusButton.setBorder(BorderFactory.createRaisedBevelBorder();if(mouseIn)restartGame();public void mouseExited(MouseEvent me) mouseIn = false;if(mouseDown) statusButton.setIcon(icon);statusButton.setBorder(BorderFactory.createRaisedBeve