霍华德&amp#183;豪斯-中国医院管理教育与实践变革的建议

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,Chinas Proposed ChangesinHospitalManagementEducationand Practice as DerivedfromNorthAmericanSuccesses,中国医,院,院管理,教,教育与,实,实践变,革,革的建,议,议,-,来自北,美,美洲的,成,成功经,验,验,HowardW.Houser,Ph.D.,ProfessorEmeritusand FormerAssociateDean,Department of HealthServicesAdministration,TheUniversityofAlabama at Birmingham,April26,2013,Beijing,China,霍华德,豪斯博士，,教,教授,清华大学医,院,院管理研究,院,院 院长高,级,级顾问,美国阿拉巴,马,马伯明翰大,学,学卫生学院,原,原副院长,系主任,教授,2013,年,4,月,26,日,中国北京,My Background,我的背景,I have 54yearsof hospital management and hospital management education experience in theUSA,在美国，我,有,有,54,年的医院管,理,理和医院管,理,理教育经验,I have 29yearsof hospital and health administration education experiencein China,在中国，我,有,有,29,年的医院管,理,理和卫生管,理,理教育经历,Hospital managementeducationand practice inChina isone of those projects,中国医院管,理,理教育与实,践,践是其中之,一,一,My USA Experience and Background,我在美国的,经,经验和背景,Earned both Mastersand Ph.D.degrees inHospitaland HealthAdministration,拥有医院和,卫,卫生管理的,硕,硕士和博士,学,学位,Worked in6 different hospitals early incareer,在早期职业,生,生涯中曾为,6,所不同的医,院,院工作过,Routine accessto more than 150 hospitals inacademic career,在学术生涯,中,中与,150,多所医院保,持,持频繁的日,常,常联系,Threeyears active duty as officerin U.S.Air Force MedicalService Schoolpreparingalllevels ofhealth workersfor Air Force hospitals,曾作为现役,军,军官在美国,空,空军医疗服,务,务学校服役,3,年，为空军,医,医院培养不,同,同层次的管,理,理人员。,My USA Experience and Background,我在美国的,经,经验和背景,Beganfulltimeteachingin 1970,从,1970,年起开始全,职,职教书,Haveserved asprogram and school developer,program director,department chairand associate dean,曾担任医院,管,管理系和卫,生,生管理专业,学,学院的创始,人,人，项目总,监,监，系主任,和,和副院长,Now work part time on specialprojects,现在为一些,感,感兴趣的项,目,目兼职工作,My China Experienceand Background,我在中国的,经,经验和背景,ChinaMinistryof Healthand U.S.Project HOPE asLeader ofHospitaland HealthAdministrationDevelopment ProjectMay-October,1984,1984,年,5,月,-10,月，作为中,国,国卫生部和,美,美国联合项,目,目的“,HOPE,基金会”中,“,“医院和卫,生,生管理发展,”,”项目主管,人,人,Basedat Xian Medical University and extending toBeijing MedicalUniversity,Zhejiang MedicalUniversity,andShanghaiSecond MedicalUniversity,当时曾主要,工,工作于西安,医,医科大学，,也,也曾参与北,京,京医科大学,、,、浙江医科,大,大学和上海,第,第二医科大,学,学的工作,Focused onundergraduateand graduate hospital/health administration and continuing education,主要关注医,院,院及卫生管,理,理本课及研,究,究生教育和,继,继续教育,The History ofHospital and HealthManagementEducationin NorthAmerica,北美洲医院,和,和卫生管理,教,教育的历史,Priorto 1930-Doctors,Nurses,orBusinessmen became hospital presidentsHospitalsnot complicated,1930,年以前，医,生,生、护士和,经,经商人士都,可,可以成为医,院,院的院长,医院并不复,杂,杂,The 1,st,Generation-,1933&34-Two mastersprogramslaunched at NorthwesternUniversityandUniversityof Chicago,1933-1934-,第一代,：美国西北,大,大学和芝加,哥,哥大学成立,了,了两个医院,管,管理硕士点,Chicago isheadquarters for both American MedicalAssociation andAmericanHospital Association,芝加哥是美,国,国医疗协会,和,和美国医院,协,协会的总部,The History ofHospital and HealthManagementEducationin NorthAmerica,北美洲医院,和,和卫生管理,教,教育的历史,Led by Physician Leadersand Academic Leadersin Economics and Finance,由医生领袖,和,和经济与财,务,务学科的领,袖,袖来领导,Selected the MastersDegree astheterminal degreeforpractice,选择硕士学,位,位作为这个,医,医院管理实,践,践学位的学,位,位终点,One year of academicworkandone year of guided practice.,第一年是学,术,术课程，第二年是有,针,针对性的实,践,践,Othersimilar programs followed onthe West and East coastsof U.S.,另外一个相,似,似的硕士点,随,随后在美国,的,的西海岸和,东,东海岸建立,The History ofHospital and HealthManagementEducationin NorthAmerica,北美洲医院,和,和卫生管理,教,教育的历史,Mosteducational materials preparedby practitioners and regularfaculty,大多数教育,材,材料是为开,业,业医师和大,学,学教员准备,的,的,Educationwas prescriptive innature-How things oughtto be,这个教育的,指,指导性属性,是,是,事情应该是,怎,怎样的,The 2,nd,Generation,1940s and 50,s-used same model,manyin publicuniversities in theMidwest e.g.Michigan,Minnesota,Iowa,1940,年,-1950,年，,第二代,：应用同样,的,的模式；大,多,多数在中西,部,部的公立大,学,学，比如密,歇,歇根、明尼,苏,苏达、爱荷,华,华等大学,Mostsecond generation leaderswerementoredby the original1930,s leaders,大多数第二,代,代管理者师,从,从于,30,年代的第一,批,批管理者,The History ofHospital and HealthManagementEducationin NorthAmerica,北美洲医院,和,和卫生管理,教,教育的历史,My,almamater,Universityof Iowa departmentfounded in1950by Gerhard Hartmana 1934 Graduateof the University of ChicagoDepartment,我的母校，,爱,爱荷华大学,的,的该专业由,哈,哈特曼,教授,成立于,1950,年，他,1934,年毕业于芝,加,加哥大学的,卫,卫管专业。,Became clear that the education wasnecessary,thenewmodelforhospital management,andit would grow and becomepermanent,在明确了这,种,种教育是非,常,常有必要之,后,后，一个新,的,的医院管理,模,模式就开始,发,发展并且成,为,为持久的模,式,式,Manygraduatesroseto top positions inhospitalswithin 7-10 years,很多毕业生,在,在,7-10,年的时间里,成,成长为医院,的,的高层管理,者,者,The History ofHospital and HealthManagementEducationin NorthAmerica,北美洲医院,和,和卫生管理,教,教育的历史,The 3rd Generation-,1960s&70,s-Started inareasof U.S.and Canadawherethere were noprograms,1960-1970,年，,第三代,：在美国和,加,加拿大的部,分,分地区开始,，,，这些地方,之,之前并没有,专,专门的项目,Example 1965-Universityof Alabamastarted at Birmingham MedicalCenter,this Schoolof HealthAdministration,nowhasbecome Schoolof HealthProfessions,1965,年的例子,-,阿拉巴马大,学,学伯明翰医,学,学中心成立,了,了卫生管理,学,学院，就是,现,现在的卫生,管,管理专业学,院,院,Leaders were mostlymentored by 2ndgeneration programleaders,这一代的领,导,导者们多数,从,从师于第二,代,代的领导者,The