(精品)完形填空分析及应试策略

,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,完形填空,题型分析,应试策略,实例详解,题型分析,大纲介绍,本题考查的短文，一般难度适中，长约,250-300,单词，内设,15,个试题，要求考生在全面理解短文的基础上选出最佳选项，使短文意思完整，语法无误。,能力要求,完形填空试题兼有语言和知识技能两种试题的特点，要求考生的理解水平从句子提高到语篇，掌握相当的词汇、牢固的语法知识、良好的阅读能力、一定的语篇分析能力。,具体分析如下：,篇章理解能力和语篇分析能力。完形填空是语篇层次上的完句填空，短文在结构和意义上都是一个整体，它对考生的整体语感和语篇分析能力也有较高的要求。因此，考生在做题时必须结合上下文考虑，不该只看所填的词语在句子中是否合适。,词汇知识。主要包括构词法、同义词、反义词、形近异义词、同形异义词等的辨析。,句型和固定搭配。主要包括动词、名词、形容词的惯用句型，动词、名词、形容词和副词之间的搭配，介词词组以及一些习惯搭配。,语法和句法。完形填空考察多为词汇题，但对句子和文章的理解少不了一定的语法知识和分析能力，在选用结构词（介词、连词）时，需要考虑在语法上是否适当。,考点解密,词义辨析。词义辨析主要集中在名词、动词、形容词和副词，试题通常以同义词、反义词或形近词的形式出现，要求考生在做题时根据语境确定答案，首先排除意义相反或相差较大的选项，然后确定未知词在句法和语法上的要求，最后选择使句子结构完整、语法正确、符合语义逻辑的最佳答案。,固定搭配。固定搭配主要包括介词词组、动词词组、名词词组和一些词语的特殊搭配，是英语学习的重点和难点，备考无技巧可言，关键在于考生对它们的熟悉程度。准确的记忆对提高正确率、节省时间大有裨益。,逻辑衔接。在完形填空中，不少题目是利用上下文在逻辑上的排斥性和关联性来设计的，考生应在理解全文的基础上，结合上下文的语义和逻辑关系选择答案。,语法结构。应关注主谓一致、定语从句、名词和代词的数和格、非谓语动词、并列结构、虚拟语气和倒装结构。,应试策略,三步走,通读全文，了解话题大意，把握总体结构，粗选答案。,逐句细读，仔细推敲，确定答案。,先易后难，初定答案。填空时，要按照先句法，后语法、语义、逻辑关系及固定搭配的顺序，从各个角度考虑，可以先跳过无法确定的选题，先易后难，循序渐进。,B.,前后参照，寻找线索。对于较难的题目，要反复阅读空白前后的句子，联系上下文，寻找语境线索和提示。句中信息空白的填补，可以由该句内的信息提示来确定，但有时也需要参照相邻或相隔较远的句子中的信息提示，甚至需要结合全文内容，仔细琢磨，选出合乎逻辑的答案。,3.,回读全文，难点补缺。复读全文，再次通过前两遍阅读所营造的语感来核实选项答案，检查文章前后是否连贯、语义是否流畅、内容是否矛盾、结构是否严谨，同时补上难点空缺。,试题详解,2010,年试题,Zoos have become an important site for the preservation and protection of wildlife resources,_61_ those species that are endangered._62_,many zoos displayed live animals for public entertainment.Presently some zoos have become scientific and educational _63_ that have contributed to the understanding and conservation of wild animals populations._64_ the challenges facing modern zoos are the cost of upgrading old facilities,the struggle to obtain _65_ operating funds,and the need to attract more visitors to new and entertaining exhibits.,Many _66_ zoos in American cities have undergone renovation(,翻新）,during the last decades of the 2oth century.Among the recent trends in zoo _67_ is the construction of new enclosures that resemble natural habitats(,栖息地,).The replacement of traditional steel bars and concrete floors _68_ appropriately designed surroundings improves visitor appreciation of the animals.Such renovations may _69_stress on animals and allow them to interact with one another more naturally.,Several major zoos conduct captive propagation programs,.A captive propagation program includes the breeding of _70_ zoo or wild animals to obtain offspring,usually for release to _71_ or for transfer to other zoos.Captive breeding is one method of _72_ some species from extinction.,Zoos have expanded and improved public education programs also,with education departments that develop programs _73_ zoo exhibits.Public activities include in0school programs,zoo tours,special events,and websites.The zoological Society of New York,for example,conducted a major project with a Western African government to monitor an elephant herd _74_ it moved throughout its range.,The importance of zoos will increase as natural habitats are diminishing,.Through their efforts _75_ conservation,education,and environmental advocacy.Zoos will continue to play a critical role in wildlife preservation throughout the world.,实例详解,2010,年试题,快速阅读文章各个段落主题句，迅速把握话题，确定话题熟不熟悉。,文章首句（主题句）大致呈现了文章内容：动物园的功能意义。,Zoos have become an important site for the preservation and protection of wildlife resources.,继续阅读前，考虑一下我们所知的动物园的功能有哪些。,全文结构：段落首句帮助我们迅速获得该话题的大概信息。,Many _zoos in American cities have undergone renovation(,翻新,).,Several major zoos conduct captive propagation programs.,Zoos have expanded and improved public education programs also,with education departments that develop programs _ zoo exhibits.,The importance of zoos will increase as natural habitats are diminishing.,通读全文，顺手牵羊，粗选答案。,Zoos have become an important site for the preservation and protection of wildlife resources,_,61,_ those species that are endangered._,62,_,many zoos displayed live animals for public entertainment.Presently some zoos have become scientific and educational _63_ that have contributed to the understanding and conservation of wild animals populations._,64,_ the challenges facing modern zoos are the cost of upgrading old facilities,the struggle to obtain _65_ operating funds,and the need to attract more visitors to new and entertaining exhibits.,61.a.superficially b.especially c.importantly d.supposedly,62.a.By that time b.By the time c.At one time d.At that time,63.a.institutions b.associations c.foundations d.corporations,64.a.Along b.Toward c.Among d.Through,65.a.limited b.professional c.sufficient d.excessive,Many _66_ zoos in American cities have undergone,renovation,(,翻新）,during the last decades of the 2oth century.Among the recent trends in zoo _67_ is the construction of new enclosures that resemble natural habitats(,栖息地,).The replacement of traditional steel bars and concrete floors _,68,_ appropriately designed surroundings improves visitor appreciation of the animals.Such,renovations,may _69_stress o