简单句、并列句、名词性从句

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,简单句、并列句、名词性从句,y Amanda,一、简单句与并列句,你所知道的简单句有哪几种？,名词性从句,一、从句的含义,在英文句子中，,某一个成分,不是由一个单词或词组组成，而是,由一个句子组,成,，那么这个句子叫做从句。,二、名词性从句的含义,某个从句在整个,句子中,起名词作用,，那么,叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。,名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,。因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为,主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,。（即这个从句作主语，就叫主语从句。从句作宾语，就叫宾语从句。）,二、引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：,连词,（5个）：that,（无词义）；,whether,if（“是否”,，有词义,）,as if,as though（“好像”，“似乎”,）,以上在从句中均不充当任何成分,连接代词,（9个）：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whomever,whose,which,whichever,连接副词,（7个）：when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however,三、分类讲解,1.主语从句,that在句中无词义，只起连接作用,；连接代词和连接副词在句中既,保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,。例如：,That,he is still alive is lucky.,What,he wants to tell us is not clear.,Who,will win the match is still unknown.,聚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。,Where,the party will be held has not yet been announced.,他今晚是否要来还不知道。,Whether,he will come home tonight is not known.,我们所需要的是更多的练习。,What,we need is more practice.,我所做的任何事都只是为了你。,Whatever,I have done is only for you.,哪一个对会胜利还不确定。,Which,team will win is uncertain.,他什么时候回来是最重要的问题。,When,he will return is the most important question.,你如何去上班不关我的事。,How,you will go to work is none of my business.,有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用,形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,，,而把主语从句置于句末,。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：,（1）It+be+,名词,+that从句（fact,surprise,common knowledge,.）,（2）It+be+,形容词,+that从句,（important,obvious,likely,.）,（3）It+be+,动词的过去分词,+that从句,（believed,known,reported,said,requested,.）,（4）It+,不及物动词,+that 从句,（seem,happen,.）,另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用,虚拟语气,“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：,It is necessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that,It is suggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that,It is necessary that the young,help,the old.,It is suggested that we,should arrange,the schedule right now.,（,2,）用,who,，,whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever,等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意,句子语序要用陈述语序,。例如：,I want to know,what,he has told you.,She will give,whoever,needs help a warm support.,她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。,She always thinks of,how,she can work well.,（,3,）,用,whether,或,if,引导的宾语从句，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，,whether,与,if,在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用,whether,，不用,if,：,a.,引导,主语从句,并在,句首,时；,b.,引导,表语从句,时；,c.,引导从句,作介词宾语,时；,d.,从句后有,“,or not”,时；,e.,后接,动词不定式,时。例如：,Whether,there is life on the moon is an interesting question.,The question is,whether,she should have a test.,Everything depends on,whether,we have enough money.,I wonder,whether,he will come or not.,Can you tell me,whether,to go or to stay?,3.,表语从句,其基本结构为：,主语,+,系动词,+that,从句,。例如：,The fact is,that,we have lost the game.,这正是我想要的。,Thats just,what,I want.,这就是我们的问题所在。,It looks,as if,it is going to rain.This is,where,our problem lies.,那就是他为什么不到会的原因。,That is,why,he didnt come to the meeting.,看上去天要下雨了。,需要注意的，当主语是,reason,时，表语从句要用,that,引导而不是,because,。例如：,The,reason,why he was late was,that,he missed the train by one minute this morning.,4.,同位语从句,同位语从句,说明其前面的名词的具体内容,。同位语从句通常由,that,引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有,advice,、,demand,、,doubt,、,fact,、,hope,、,idea,、,information,、,message,、,news,、,order,、,problem,、,promise,、,question,、,request,、,suggestion,、,truth,、,wish,、,word,等。例如：,The,news,that,we won the game is exciting.,I have no,idea,when,he will come back home.,The,thought,came to him,that,Mary had probably,巩固练习,1.Is that house_?,A.that you are looking for B.what you are looking for,C.you are looking for D.what are you looking for,2.The North Pole isnt_ people would consider a pleasant place for creatures to live as the average winter temperature there is-40.,A.which B.that C.how D.what,3.At last,the soldiers reached_ the locals called the Golden Triangle.,A.that B.where C.what D.the place,4._ sometimes keeps her awake at night _ Jack is getting more and more quiet at home.,A.it,what B.it,that C.what;what D.what;that,5.The children were making so much noise,and the teacher hurriedly went to see_.,A.what the matter is B.what wrong was,C.what was the matter D.what was the wrong,6.Is _ Qinghai-Tibet Railways plays an important role in Chinas railway history the topic that you are coming to?,A.that B.this C.it D.what,7.The argument remains extremely heated _ there are necessary conditions of existence such as Water on the Mars.,A.that B.which C.if D.whether,8.Engines are to machines _ hearts are to animals.,A.as B.that C.what D.which,Be a better man!,