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现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成havehas助动词助动词动词过动词过去分词去分词+P.P.主语主语+1现在完成时和一般过去时的区别现在完成时和一般过去时的区别Example 1.He has lived in Beijing for 8 years.(A)He lived in Beijing for 8 years.(B)(A)句讲的是到目前为止他在北京住了8年，可能还会在北京继续住下去。（B）句讲的是他住了8年现在已经不在北京继续住了。2Example 2.Have you seen the film?(A)Did you see the film?(B)(A)句强调的是被问者对剧情是否了解；(B)句强调的是看这部电影的动作是否发生过，并不强调是否知道其内容。3 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别现在完成时和一般过去时的区别一般过去时表示一般过去时表示过去过去某时发生的动作或存在的某时发生的动作或存在的状态状态,与现在无关与现在无关.现在完成时表示现在完成时表示过去某时发生的动作过去某时发生的动作对现在对现在造成的造成的影响，影响，强调的是对强调的是对现在的现在的影响影响。现在现在过去过去将来将来一般过去时一般过去时现在完成时现在完成时4现在完成时常见的暗示词现在完成时常见的暗示词:already(已经已经)yet(仍仍,还没还没,用于否定和疑问句用于否定和疑问句)ever(曾经曾经)never（从不）（从不）for(后跟一段时间后跟一段时间)since(自从自从,后跟点时间后跟点时间)in the last/past few days(在过去的几天在过去的几天)so far(到目前为止到目前为止)just(刚刚刚刚)twice(两次两次)5现在完成时的基本句型：现在完成时的基本句型：肯定式：主语肯定式：主语+助动词助动词have/has+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词.疑问式：助动词疑问式：助动词Have/Has+主语主语+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词?否定式否定式:主语主语+助动词助动词have/has+not+动词的过去动词的过去分词分词.6现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的主要用法1.1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。2.2.表示表示过去过去已经开始已经开始,持续到持续到现在的动作或状态现在的动作或状态,7现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的主要用法上一页下一页-Its so dark.-Its so dark.-Someone has turned off the light.-Someone has turned off the light.(有人刚把灯关了有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑现在很黑)-Are you free?-I have finished my homework.I am free-I have finished my homework.I am free(我已我已经完成了家庭作完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空对现在造成的结果是很有空)主菜单1.1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。8上一页下一页I have learnt English for more than I have learnt English for more than ten years.ten years.我已经学了我已经学了10多年的英语。多年的英语。(从从10年前开始年前开始,持续到现在还在学持续到现在还在学)She has swum since half an hour ago.我已经游泳了半个小时我已经游泳了半个小时(半个小时前已经开始游泳半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游到现在还在游)现在完成时的主要用法现在完成时的主要用法主菜单2.2.表示表示过去过去已经开始已经开始,持续到持续到现在的动作或现在的动作或状态状态.常与常与since+since+过去的时间点，过去的时间点，for+for+一段时间，一段时间，so far so far 等时间状语连用。等时间状语连用。9 for 和和since的区别的区别 for +一段时间一段时间 since+时间点时间点 +时间段时间段+ago +一般过去时态的句子一般过去时态的句子I have been collecting shells _ 1990.She has worked here _ 5 years.She has worked here _ 5 years ago.He has been living in Dongguan _ he was five years old.forsincesincesince10Exersice 1.I have watched the game.When _ you _ it?A.have,watched B.do,watch C.Did,watch D.will,watch2.Excuse me,_ you seen the film yet?Yes,I _ it last night.A.have,see B.have,have seen C.have,seen D.have,saw11Exercise Zhang Peng _ his bedroom，he _ it this morning.A.cleaned;has cleaned B.has cleaned;cleaned 12 yet和和 already的区别的区别 already 已经已经,；常常用于；常常用于肯定句肯定句 yet 仍仍,还还(没没)；用于；用于否定和疑问句否定和疑问句句末句末eg.-Have you done your homework _?-Yes,I have _ finished it.A already,yet B yet,already 131.-Have you ever _ _ Shanghai?-Yes.I have been there twice.2.Where is Lucy?She has _ _ the lab.3.She has_ _ the lab for an hour.been togone to have been to 与与have gone to 和和have been in 的区别的区别have been to 曾经去过某地（已返回曾经去过某地（已返回)+次数次数have gone to 去了某地（没有回来）去了某地（没有回来）have been in 去或来到去或来到(一直呆在那儿一直呆在那儿)+一段时间一段时间been in 141.我们买这本书三年了我们买这本书三年了.We have had the book for three years.We bought the book three years ago.2.自从上星期我借的这本书。自从上星期我借的这本书。I have kept the book since last week.I borrowed the book last week.延续性动词和短暂性动词之间的转化延续性动词和短暂性动词之间的转化15 leave-have been away from borrow-have kept die-have been dead come/get(back)-have been back open-have been open arrive in（at）/get to/reach -have been here/there join the army-be in the army/be a soldier join the League-have been in the League -have been a league member 常见延续性动词和短暂性动词转换归纳常见延续性动词和短暂性动词转换归纳:16It is+时间段时间段+since +一般过去时态一般过去时态的句子的句子.It is 10 years since Mr.Green came to China.17 Test 181.We have been friends since_.A.for five years B.five years ago C.five years before D.five years 2.Mike_ in the city for two years.A.lives B.lived C.is living D.has lived 3.-Where have you _ these days?-I have _ to Japan with my friends.A.been；gone B.been；been C.gone；been D.gone；gone4.He _ (not have)lunch yet.A.didnt have B.hasnt had C.hasnt D.doesnt195.I wont go to see the film tonight because I _ it three times.A.saw B.have seen C.have been seeing D.am seeing 6.The foreign friends left Guangzhou _ A.since last week B.a week ago C.for a week D.since a week ago7.Mrs.Wang has lived in Haikou _ 1992.A.since B.from C.after D.in8.Where is Li Lei?-He _ Shanghai.A.has gone to B.has been to C.went to D.goes to209.How long have you been here?-_ last month.A.For B.Until C.Before D.Since10.Youve never seen such a film before,_?A.havent you B.have you C.do you D.dont you11.I have watched the game.-When _ you _ it?A.have watched B.do watch C.did watch D.will watch2112.His grandma _ for two years.A died B has been dead C was dead D has died13.Where is Han Mei now?-She _ to Shanghai.She will be back in two days.A has gone B has been C goes D had gone2214.-_ to the United Stated?-No,never,but I went to Canada a few years ago A.Did you go B.Have you been C.Have you gone D.Do you go15.Excuse me,_ you seen him yet?-Yes,I _ him last night.A.have,see B.have,have seen C.have,seen D.have,saw16.How long have you _ this book?A.bought B.borrowed C.had D.lent23动动 词词 填填 空：空：1._ you _(clean)the room?1._ you _(clean)the room?Yes,we _(do)that Yes,we _(do)that alreadyalready.When _ you _(do)it?When _ you _(do)it?We _(do)it We _(do)it an hour agoan hour ago.2._ he _(see)this film 2._ he _(see)this film yetyet?Yes.?Yes.When _ he _(see)it?When _ he _(see)it?He _ it He _ it last weeklast week.3.How many times _you_(be)there?3.How many times _you_(be)there?Havecleanedhave donediddodidHasseendidseesawhavebeen下一页上一页主菜单244.I _(read)the novel twice.Its interesting.5.She _(go)to Pairs,hasnt she?Yes.How _ she _(go)there?She _(go)there by air.6.So far,many countries _(develop)their software programs.7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year.8.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking since last year.have readhas gonedidgowenthave developedgavehas given下一页上一页主菜单25选用选用 for和和 since填空填空:1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the Party _ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.6.Its five years _ we met last time.forsinceforsinceforsince下一页上一页主菜单26用用Have been to,have gone to,have been in 填空填空1.1.Mike and his parents _ the north for Mike and his parents _ the north for half a year.half a year.2.2.Mum is not at home now.she _ the Mum is not at home now.she _ the shop.shop.3.3._ you ever _ to kunming?Never._ you ever _ to kunming?Never.4.4.Where _ you _ these days?Where _ you _ these days?5.5.Has Jim arrived yet?Has Jim arrived yet?Yes,he _ here for several days.Yes,he _ here for several days.6.6.Where is Peter?I dont know where he Where is Peter?I dont know where he _._.7.7.Hi Jim!Where _ you _?Li Lei Hi Jim!Where _ you _?Li Lei is looking for you.is looking for you.have been inhas gone tohave beenHave beenhas been has gonehave been下一页上一页主菜单27改改 错错1.How long have you begun to study English?2.I have borrowed this book for two weeks.3.The river has become very dirty since last August.4.Our manager is away today.He has been to Guangzhou on business.5.He has gone out for two years.studiedkeptbeengonebeen下一页上一页主菜单281.The house is dirty.We _it for weeks.A didnt clean B hadnt cleaned C dont clean D havent cleaned2.-_the sports meeting might be put off.-Yes,it all depends on the weather.A Ive been told B Ive told C Im told D I told3.-Im sorry to keep you waiting.-Oh,not at all.I _here only a few minutes.A have been B had been C was D will be4.You dont need to describe her.I _ her several times.A.had met B have met C met D meet 5.-Will you go to Beijing for vacation?-I _ to go,but I dont know if I can go.A was planning B have planned C had been planning D have been planning296.-When will they leave?-They _very soon.A do leave B are leaving C have left D leave7-Was he studying for an exam?-Yes,hes _ it last week.A doing B to take C making D to give8.The teacher told the pupils that the earth _ round.A is B would C was D were9.She _ such an interesting book before.A was never reading B will never read C had never read D has never read 10.How long do you think the meeting _ A is lasting B is lasted C will last D lasts 30、翻译下列句子：、翻译下列句子：1.你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？2.我刚刚丢了我的语文书。我刚刚丢了我的语文书。3.我以前从来没去过那个公园。我以前从来没去过那个公园。4.他已经吃过午饭了。他已经吃过午饭了。5.你已经看过这部电影了吗？你已经看过这部电影了吗？6.我哥哥还没回来。我哥哥还没回来。7.我自从上星期看过这部电影。我自从上星期看过这部电影。8.自从自从1992年他住在这里。年他住在这里。9.这本字典我已买了三年了。这本字典我已买了三年了。10.他离开中国三年了他离开中国三年了 1.Have you eatten fish and french frise?2.I have lost my Chinese book.3 I have never been to that park.4.He has already had lunch.5 Have you seen this movie yet?6 My brother has not returned.7 I have seen this movie since last week.8 He has lived here since 1992.9 I have had this dictionary for three years.10 He has been away China for three years.31Thanks for listening,goodbye!32
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