《抽象名词具体化》PPT课件.ppt

抽象名词具体化,一、抽象名词具体化,抽象名词不表示具体的事物，因此无单复数。 如：make fun of; make progress; make use of; be in danger; sit in silence; of great use; of great importance; of great help; of great value etc.,但抽象名词具体化之后就要加上相应的冠词了1.You are a danger to the public=You are dangerous .2.It is a pleasure to help you=(pleasant)3.A dictionary is a necessity in learning English.(necessary)4.It is a long wait in the dark.5.It can grow to a length(height/width/depth) of 11 meters.,6.Ive got a pain here.7.It is a waste of time and money(energy/materials).8.China has a history of about 5000 years.,9.a terrible experience, a sense of humour(touch), a sweet memory, have a good(nice)time, at a speed of, have a population of,have an area of, a collection of, in a hurry, all of a sudden, take/have a look(bath/break/nap), have a walk/swim/sleep,抽象名词具体化的情况,抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。 抽象名词（不可数） 具体化（个体名词，可数名词）in surprise惊讶地 a surprise一件令人惊讶的事win success获得成功 a success一个(件)成功的人(事)win honor赢得荣誉 an honor一个(件)引以为荣的(事)Failure(失败)is the mother of success. a failure失败者失败是成功之母。by experience靠经验 an experience一次经历youth青春 a youth一个青年人have pity on sb.怜悯某人 a pity可惜的事情with pleasure乐意 a pleasure乐事,抽象名词与a(an)连用，淡化了抽象概念，转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类别。A knowledge of English is a must in international trade.Would you like to have a walk(swim, bath, talk)with me?She made an apology to her mother for her wrong doings.,有些抽象名词往往以复数形式出现，起到一种丰富语言感情色彩或强调某种特殊状态的作用。Use your brains, please.They have smoothed away the difficulties.Have you made preparations for tomorrows meeting?Many thanks for your kindness.No pains, no gains.After many failures, they finally succeeded.,二、具体名词抽象化,具体名词可以部分的丧失其一般意义，具有抽象名词的特征，因此无单复数形式。具体小结如下：1.表示交通工具一类时，by接抽象名词（无单复数、无限定词）；否则要用相应的介词。 如：by bus/car/ship/air/train/bike =on the bus;on his bike;on the train.,2.表示一般性的抽象含义或常规含义时，不用冠词；表示特定的具体含义或非常规含义时要加上相应的冠词。,go to school(上学读书) go to the school（上学校也许是送报纸的）go to church（去做礼拜） go to the church（去那个教堂未必是信徒或牧师）be in prison （坐牢） be in the prison（在那个监狱未必是犯人）be at school （在上学） be at the school（在那所学校未必是老师或学生）in hospital（住院） be in the hospital（在那家医院未必是医生或病人）go to bed（去睡觉） go to the bed（未必是睡觉也许是铺床或拿东东） 此外：in debt（负债）;in mind（记在心上）;after class（课后）;at table（吃饭）;at night/noon,etc.,3.球类三餐不用冠词，而乐器类名词前要用。如： play basketball/football/volleyball/badminton. have breakfast/lunch/supper/dinner.,