资源描述
Unit 2,The Olympic Games,知识清单,(一) 基本单词 1. _ adj. 古老的; 古代的 2. _ n. 志愿者; 志愿兵 adj. 志愿的; 义务的 vt. 招待 n. 主人,ancient,volunteer,nowadays,host,单词,5. _ vt. 取代; 替换; 代替 6. _ adj. 快的; 迅速的 7. _ vt. 值得,swift,charge,fine,bargain,deserve,replace,(二) 派生单词 11. _ vi. 比赛; 竞争 _ n. 比赛; 竞争 _ adj. 竞争的 _ n. 竞争者 12. _ adj. 规则的; 定期的; 常规的 _ n. 规则; 制度 _ vt. 管制,pete,petition,petivite,petitor,regular,regulation,regulate,13. _ vt. 登广告 _ n. 广告,admit,admission,advertise,advertisement,1. 参加; 参与 2. 代表; 象征; 表示 3. 也; 又; 还 4. 主管; 看管 5. 陆续地; 一个接一个地 6. 每四年 7. 听说 8. 捡起,take part in,stand for,as well,in charge,one after another,every four years,hear of,pick up,短语,No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women!,句式,核心要点,1. pete vi. 比赛; 竞争 How many countries peted in the ancient Olympic Games? （课文原句） 有多少个国家参加古代奥林匹克运动会比赛？,单词,【归纳】 pete in 参加比赛 pete against/with 与.比赛 pete for 为争取/得到.而比赛/竞争 petition n. 比赛 petitive adj. 有竞争力的 petitor n. 比赛者; 对手,2. admit vt. 容纳 Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as petitors. （课文原句） 只有达到他们各自项目统一标准的运动员才会被接受参加奥运会。,【归纳】 admit . as . 接纳.作为. admit sth./ doing sth. 承认某事/做某事 admit that 从句 承认. admit n. to be 承认.是. admit of 容许; 有.可能 admit sb./sth. into/to 允许某人/某物进入/录用某人,3. replace v. 取代; 替换; 代替 So even the olive wreath has been replaced!（课文原句） 就连橄榄枝花环也被取代了！,【归纳】 replace sb./sth.with . 用.替换/取代某人/物 take the place of 代替. take ones place 代替；取代 in place of 代替.,4. charge vt. 主管 duty to be in charge and get in trouble if things go wrong （课文原句） 如果事情出错了，有义务负责。,【归纳】 charge sb. for 为.向某人收取费用 charge sb. with (doing) sth. = accuse sb. of 控告某人(做)某事 take charge of 掌管/负责. in charge of 控制/管理. in/under the charge of 受.的管理 free of charge 免费,charge sb. to do 责令某人做某事 charge sb. with doing 指责某人做某事 试比较: I charged her to take the chair. 我责令她拿走这把椅子。 I charged her with taking the chair. 我指责她拿走了这把椅子。,5. advertise vt. 讲条件 n. 便宜货; 协议; 交易 Her father said that she must marry, so Atlanta made a bargain with him. （课文原句） 她的父亲说她必须结婚，于是亚特兰大就和她的父亲达成了一个协议。,【归纳】 bargain with sb. about . 与某人就.讲价 make a bargain with . 和.做交易/和某人成交/达成协议 a real bargain 真正的便宜货 a bad bargain 一笔不合算的交易 at a bargain 很便宜地,7. deserve vt. 值得 Do you think Hippomenes deserved to win the race? （课文原句） 你认为希波墨涅斯值得赢得比赛吗？,【归纳】 deserve to do 应该 deserve doing/to be done 应受; 值得 deserve sth. 应得; 值得,deserve 后常跟不定式, 也可跟表示被动意义的名词。 e.g. He deserves to succeed. The old man deserves looking after. deserve后可跟名词, 但中间不加介词of。 e.g. He deserves a reward. deserving现在分词作形容词时, 后面必须要跟介词of。 e.g. He is deserving of a reward.,deserve后可跟that从句, 从句中用should。 e.g. Does he deserve that you should treat him like this? 他值得你那样对他吗?,【提示】 deserve 后接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义, 相当于不定式的被动形式; 有同样用法的动词还有: need, want, require。,1. take part in 参加; 参与 Who could not take part in the ancient Olympic Games? （课文原句） 谁不会参加古代奥林匹克运动会？,短语,【辨析】 attend / join (in) / participate / take part in attend 侧重参加/出席会议或学术活动等。 join 加入党派/团体或游戏活动等。加入党派团体, join是及物动词; 加入游戏活动, join是不及物动词, 用 join in 加宾语形式。,participate正式用词, 指参加团体活动, 暗示以一个积极的角色参加, 常与介词 in连用。 take part in侧重参加某项群众性/集体性的事业/工作或活动, 突出参加者在其中发挥一定的作用。,【即时应用】 用 attend/take part in/join (in)/participate 的适当形式填空。 1) Will you _ the English evening? 2) All the students _ _ the thorough cleaning party.,take part in / join in,took part in /,participated in,3) May I _ the game? 4) Would you _ me in a walk? 5) Our teacher _ the meeting yesterday.,join in,join,attended,2. stand for 代表; 象征; 表示; 忍受 What do the five rings on the Olympic flag stand for? （课文原句）,【拓展】 cant stand (for) sth. / doing sth. 不能忍受(做)某事 stand by 站在旁边; 袖手旁观; 支持 stand out 显著; 突出,3. as well 也; 又; 同样地 For each Olympics, a special village is built for them to live in, a main reception building, several stadiums for petitions, and a gymnasium as well. （课文原句） 每届奥运会都有一个特殊的村庄（奥运村）供参赛的人住，一个主要的接待大楼，好几个供比赛用的体育场，还有一个室内体育馆。,常放在句末。 【拓展】 as well as 意为“和一样，既又”。表示“既又”时，可连接两个并列成分。如果连接并列主语，谓语要与前面的主语在数的方面保持一致。 may /might as well 不妨，还是的好，常用于委婉地提出建议。,选词填空。as well as, may as well, as well Often life is much slower outside the big cities, as is true in other countries _. We expect you to do the housework _ looking after the children. Since it is raining hard, you _ stay here.,as well,as well as,may as well,4. as . as . 像 一样；正如 Theres as much petition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals. （课文原句） 国与国之间争取奥运会承办权的竞争就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样的激烈。,结构特点: 第一个as为副词, 修饰形容词或副词的原级; 第二个as可为连词, 引导状语从句, 也可是介词, 其后加名词或代词。 否定式: not as/so . as . 不如 表达倍数关系句型时为: X times as . as .; (两倍用twice 或double ) 涉及具体数量: as much 不可数名词 as . / as many 可数名词复数 as .,5. one after another 陆续地; 一个接一个 He threw the golden apples on after another. （课文原句） 他一个接一个地扔了金苹果。,【拓展】 one after the other = one after another 陆续地 one another (两者或多者之间)相互; 彼此 one by one 一个一个地; 依次地,No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women! 别的国家不能参加, 奴隶和妇女也不能参加。 nor 或 neither 位于句首时, 常引导一个倒装句, 表示前一句所述的事也适应后一句, 即后者“也不.”。,句式,在肯定句中则使用so引导倒装句, 表示前面的人/事的情况也适用于另一人或物, 意为“.也”。这种句型要求在时态和动词形式上和前一句保持一致。,【提示】 so 在句首, 但不倒装, 此时意为“确实, 的确”, 表示赞同前面的话。 John did well in the physics exam. 约翰这次物理考试考得很好。 So he did. 他确实考得不错。,当前面既有肯定又有否定，或有两个谓语，或当对话中既有系动词又有实意动词的时候，只能用 so it is /was with sb. (也可以用 it is the same with sb.)。 e.g. He likes apples and he doesnt go to school by bus. So it is with her. (或 It is the same with her.),【语境展示】 观察下列句子。 1. We shall (not) be punished if we break the rules. 2. Shall / Will we be asked to attend the meeting tomorrow? 3. Mr. Browns new novel wont be published next month. 4. Will a new teaching building be built in our school next year?,一般将来时的被动语态,语法,5. A new hospital is going to be built in our city next year. 6. Are you / Am I going to be invited to the party 7. The form is to be filled in within two days. 8. Are you / Am I not to be sent to London?,【自我归纳】 一般将来时被动语态的谓语主要有三种形 式： shall / will（shall主要用于第一人称，will可用于各种人称）+ be + 及物动词的过去分词（句1-句4）； am / is / are + going to + _+及物动词的过去分词（句5和句6）； am / is / are + _ +及物动词的过去分词（句7和句8）。,be,to be,一般将来时被动语态的否定形式是在shall / will, am / is / are后加not（句1、3和8）； 一般疑问句形式是将shall / will或am / is / are提前至句首（句2、6和8）。 【注意】 在时间、条件状语从句中，通常要用一般现在时的被动语态代替一般将来时的被动语态。如： If more time is given to me, the problem will be worked out.,【即学即练】I. 将句子变为被动语态。 1. They will send David to school on Wednesday. _ 2. People speak English all over the world. _ 3. If it doesnt rain tomorrow, our school will hold the sports meet. _ _,David will be sent to school on Wednesday. English is spoken all over the world. If it doesnt rain tomorrow, the sports meet will be held.,4. We wont select Mike as the team leader. _ 5. Will his mother give him an expensive present? _ _ _,Mike wont be selected as the team leader. Will he be given an expensive present by his mother? / Will an expensive present be given to him by his mother?,II. 用括号内动词的正确形式填空。 1. We dont need to bring our paper. We _ (give) paper by the teacher tomorrow. 2. You will have a grammar test. A pencil must _ (use) for this test because it _ (score) by machine. 3. Five people _ (rescue) by the fire department in yesterdays fire.,will be given,be used,were rescued,will be scored,4. The names of the winners _ (print) in tomorrows newspaper. 5. He _ (consider) to be the best British athlete at the present time. 6. When the car factory _ (plete), it will bring more jobs to our city. 7. This question _ (discuss) at the meeting tomorrow.,will be printed,is considered,is pleted,will be discussed,III. 补全下面短文。 My brothers car 1. _ (hit) by another car last week. After the police officer arrived, both drivers 2. _ (give) tickets for not stopping at a stop sign. As the car couldnt 3. _ (drive), my brother sent it to a repair shop after the accident.,was hit,were given,be driven,Unfortunately, the mechanic doesnt have the parts he needs to fix the car and the car 4. _ (not, repair) until next week. Luckily, my brother has good insurance (保险). He wont have to pay much. The repair shop 5. _ (pay) by the insurance pany. My brother is borrowing my car until his car 6. _ (repair).,wont be repaired,will be paid,is repaired,. 完成句子。 1. The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts _ (reward) with success in the end.(2016, 北京) 【解析】学生们一直都很努力学习功课，最终回报他们努力的将是成功。一般将来时，their efforts 与reward构成被动。,will be rewarded,2. More efforts, as reported, _ (make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform. (2016, 江苏) 【解析】据报道，为了加速供给侧结构改 革，在今后几年将做出更大的努力。in the years ahead可知动作发生在将来，more efforts与make为被动关系。,will be made,3. It is reported that a space station _ (build) on the moon in years to e. (2016, 江苏) 【解析】据报道，一个太空站在未来几年将会在月球上被建立。in years to e及space station与build间为被动且用将来时 态。,will be built,【写作指导】 此类文章可包括以下四部分： 一：开门见山，指出最喜欢的一项运动； 二：说明喜欢这一运动的理由； 三：介绍现在参加这项运动的基本情况； 四：最喜欢的运动员及自己的梦想。,写作,如何描写最喜欢的一项运动,【常用表达】 1. 开头 Of all the sports, I like . best. . is my favorite sport. People all over the world like . If you ask me which sport I like best, . Do you like sports? Which sport do you like best? Do you want to know which sport I like best? How much do you know about .?,2. 正文 喜欢该运动的原因： I like . because . The reason why I like . is that . Most people like . because . My favorite player / footballer / athlete is . I like him / her because . 喜欢上该运动的时间： When I was . years old, . At the age of ., I showed great interest in .,I became interested in . when I was . I first learned to . at the age of . 如何从事该运动： I often practise it . Whenever I have time, . Apart from ., I . every weekend.,3. 结尾 I bee more and more . by playing . I hope in the future I can . I really want to be a(n) . when I grow up. 【写作任务】 某英文报社以“My favorite sport”为题进行征文活动，请你用英语写一篇短文，介绍自己最喜欢的一项运动。 注意：词数120左右。,【参考范文】My favourite sport Of all the sports, I like playing football best. My father is a football fan. Under his influence, I began to show interest in it when I was only four years old. Now I am a member of the school football team, in which I play as a forward as well as being captain. We often practise it together.,I play football with my friends every weekend after finishing my homework. It is very interesting. My favorite player is Messi from Argentina. My greatest wish is to be a football super-star like him in the future, and I hope I can play football in the World Cup for my country when I grow up.,巩固练习,I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 1. I think getting a gold medal is the dream of every _ (pete). 2. Her words had a(n) _ (magic) effect on us. 3. Mary worked out _ (regular) at the gym, lunched with friends, and enjoyed her time with her sons. 4. Its her _ (responsible) to ensure the project finishes on time.,petitor,magical,regularly,responsibility,5. Now, I am back on my feet. I am _ (physical) healthy again. 6. I kept on struggling forward, even though I knew it was _ (hope). 7. I tried to ask a question, but just made myself look _ (fool). 8. My feet were sometimes so _ (pain) and swollen that I could not wear shoes.,physically,hopeless,foolish,painful,II. 用合适短语并用正确形式填空。 1. as well as, may as well, as well Often life is much slower outside the big cities, as is true in other countries _. We expect you to do the housework _ looking after the children. Since it is raining hard, you _ stay here.,as well,as well as,may as well,2. stand for, stand by, stand out How can you _ and let him suffer like this? She has learned a kind of alphabet for the blind, in which different finger positions _ different letters of the alphabet. The red houses in this seaside city _ against the background of the green hills in the past.,stand by,stand for,stood out,3. one after another, one another Our family was always close, but we were never used to expressing our feelings to _. I went through the items on the list _.,one another,one after another,III. 把短文中的主动语态改成被动语态。 The government made an important decision last night. It will ban all cars from the center of the city as pollution is seriously affecting peoples health. It will allow only bicycles and buses to enter the city center. It is making plans for a new environmental police force. After all, it must do something before its too late.,An important decision was made by the government last night. All cars will be banned from the center of the city as peoples health is being seriously affected by pollution. Only bicycles and buses will be allowed to enter the city center. Plans for a new environmental police force are being made. After all, something must be done before its too late.,. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sochi lies on the shore of the Black Sea near the Caucasus Mountains and 1. _ (enjoy) some of Russias warmest weather, with hot summers 2. _ mild winters as well. It is a popular holiday resort in Russia and its seafront is full 3. _ restaurants, bars and cafs.,enjoys,and,of,In the hot summer months, although loud music can be heard 4. _ (e) from its many nightclubs until dawn, away from the seafront, visitors can enjoy quiet parks 5. _ (fill) with cypress trees and magnolias. The city became well-known in 2014, 6. _ athletes from all over the world headed for Sochi 7. _,ing,filled,when,to pete,But the games ice skating took place in the neighboring town of Adler, 8. _ a new stadium was built. The skiing and snowboarding took place in the nearby mountain village of Krasnaya Polyana. In 9. _ future Sochi will be playing yet another very important role on the international scene when it will be 10. _ of the host cities for the 2018 FIFA World Cup.,where,the,one,
展开阅读全文