广东省揭阳市高三英语第二次模拟考试试题含解析

广东省揭阳市2020届高三英语第二次模拟考试试题（含解析）注意事项：1. 本试卷分为三个部分。2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卷和答题卡相应的位置上。3. 全部答案应在答题卷和答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。4. 考试结束后，将本试卷、答题卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AGolden Gate BridgeLocated in San Francisco, the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County. It was finally thrown open to public traffic in 1937. It cost $25.7 million in the construction. Till the year 1957, the Golden Gate Bridge, at a length of 2,737 meters, was the longest suspension bridge in the world.Brooklyn BridgeThe Brooklyn Bridge is located in Brooklyn. It is one of the oldest suspension bridges in the United States, having been opened in the year 1883. The length of the bridge is 1,843 meters. The bridge has been featured in several Hollywood movies.George Washington BridgeAlso known as the Hudson River Bridge and the Columbus Bridge, the George Washington Bridge which connects Fort Lee to Manhattan came into use in 1931 after a construction period of almost 4 years. It is a two level suspension bridge that cost about $52 million to build.Mackinac BridgeThis is the third biggest suspension bridge in the world at a length of 8,038 meters. The architect of this bridge was Dr. David B. Steinman, who directed the construction of the bridge which started in the year 1954 and opened to the public in 1958. People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money.Navajo BridgeLocated in Arizona, this bridge crosses the Colorado River and is almost 250 meters long. The construction of this bridge started in the year 1927, ending two years later, costing $390,000. In the 1990s, a second bridge was built which was opened to the public in 1994. The first bridge is now used only by pedestrians.1. What do we know about the Golden Gate Bridge?A. It consists of two bridges.B. It costs the least of the five bridges.C. It is the longest suspension bridge in the world.D. It takes about 4 years to complete the construction.2. Which of the following bridges was built the earliest?A. Golden Gate Bridge.B. Brooklyn Bridge.C. George Washington Bridge.D. Navajo Bridge.3. What will you do if you drive across Mackinac Bridge?A. Have to pay some money.B. Use the second bridge.C. Cover nearly 250 meters.D. See the statue of Dr. David B. Steinman.【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国五座著名的大桥。【1题详解】考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County.It was finally thrown open to public in 1937.”可推知，金门大桥的建筑时间约有四年，故D项正确。【2题详解】考查细节理解。由题干关键词“was built the earliest”定位到每座大桥的建筑时间；根据文中各座大桥的建筑时间可知，布鲁克林大桥是最古老的大桥，故B项正确。【3题详解】考查细节理解。根据第四段尾句“People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money.”可知，使用麦基诺大桥的人会被收取一定量的钱，故A项正确。【点睛】阅读理解所设试题主要考查细节查找，做题关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查题支和原文的异同，常犯错误有：绝对化语言，范围扩大或缩小，以偏概全，张冠李戴等。考生首先要浏览短文后的小题题干，标出关键词（组），带着问题去阅读，能够做到心中有数，目的明确；然后再仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握细节信息，并标出能得出答案的有效信息。如第1小题“What do we know about the Golden Gate Bridge?”，题干要求找出有关金门大桥正确的信息。根据文章第一段Located in San Francisco, the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County. It was finally thrown open to public in 1937. It cost more than $35 million in the construction. （排除B）Till the year 1957, the Golden Gate Bridge, at a length of 2,737 meters, was the longest suspension bridge in the world.（排除C），而A项第一段文章没有提到。而在最后一段Navajo Bridge桥中提到。根据建造时间可知D正确。BI once complained to my friend Mike, “I often cycle two miles from my house to the town center but unfortunately there is a big hill on the route.” He replied, “You mean fortunately.” He explained that I should be glad of the extra exercise that the hill provided.My attitude to the hill has now changed. I used to complain as I approached it but now I tell myself the following. This hill will exercise my heart and lungs. It will help me to lose weight and get fit. It will mean that I live longer. This hill is my friend. Finally I comfort myself with the thought of all those silly people who pay money to go to a gym and sit on stationary exercise bicycles when I can get the same value for free. I have a smile of satisfaction as I reach the top of the hill.Problems are there to be faced and overcome. We cannot achieve anything with an easy life. Helen Keller was the first deaf and blind person to gain a university degree. Her activism and writing proved inspirational. She wrote, “The character cannot be developed with ease. Only through experiences of suffering can the soul be strengthened, vision cleared, ambition inspired and success achieved.”One of the main determinants of success in life is our attitude towards adversity. From time to time we all face hardships，problems，accidents and difficulties. Some are of our making but many are no fault of our own. While we cannot choose adversity, we can choose our attitude towards it.Douglas Bader was 21 when in 1931 he had both legs cut off following a flying accident. He was determined to fly again and went on to become one of the leading flying aviators in the Battle of Britain with 22 aerial victories over the Germans. He was an inspiration to others during the war. He said, “Dont listen to anyone who tells you that you cant do this or that. Thats nonsense. Make up your mind, and youll never use crutches or a stick, and then have a go at everything. Go to school, and join in all the games you can. Go anywhere you want to. But never, never let them persuade you that things are too difficult or impossible.”The biographies of great people are full of examples of how they took steps to overcome the difficulties they faced. The common thread is that they did not become depressed. They chose their attitude. They chose to be positive. They took on the challenge. They won. Nevertheless, there is still the problem of how you change your attitude towards adversity.4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the author of the passage?A. One who wants to achieve success cant expect to live an easy life.B. Climbing hills on bicycles is the best way to take exercise.C. Going to a gym is greatly beneficial to peoples health.D. Peoples attitude to hardships is the only factor of their success.5. What does the author intend to tell us by quoting what Douglas Bader said?A. Failure is the mother of success.B. A bad workman quarrels with his tools.C. If you risk nothing, you will have nothing.D. Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.6. What will the author further talk about in the following paragraph?A. How his friend helped him to change his attitude towards the challenge he faced.B. Why it is important to keep optimistic in the face of trouble.C. What steps to take to change your attitude towards the difficulties you faceD. What great people have in common.7. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Different attitudes towards misfortuneB. Face difficulties with a smileC. Nothing is impossibleD. Life is full of adversity【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B【解析】本文为议论文。生活中，决定成败的主要因素之一是我们对待逆境的态度。虽然我们不能避免逆境，但是我们能选择面对它的态度。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中We cannot achieve anything with an easy life可知，一个想要成功的人不能期望过着轻松的生活，选项A符合题意。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据所引用的话“Don t listen to anyone who tells you that you can t do this or that. Make up your mind, and Go anywhere you want to. But never, never let them persuade you that things are too difficult or impossible.”可知Douglas Bader阐明了自己的观点，即“不要听任何人说你不能做这个或那个。下定决心，去任何你想去的地方。一切皆是有可能的”，这与D项“世上无难事，只要肯登攀”意境吻合，故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Nevertheless, there is still the problem of how you change your attitude towards adversity.可知，作者在接下来的段落中会谈论“如何改变对待逆境的态度”。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。本文通过名人对待逆境的例子，围绕面对逆境我们应持乐观的态度这一话题展开，所以B项“笑对逆境”适合做本文标题。CA biologist once criticized for stealing eggs from the nests of the rarest bird in the world has been awarded the “Nobel Prize” of conservation after his methods saved nine species from extinction.Professor Carl Jones won the 2020 Indianapolis Prize - the highest accolade in the field of animal conservation - for his 40 years of work in Mauritius, where he saved an endangered kestrel from becoming the next Great Auk.When the 61-year-old first travelled to the east African island in the 1970s, he was told to close down a project to save the Mauritius kestrel. At the time there were just four left in the wild, making it the rarest bird on Earth. However, he stayed, using the techniques of captive breeding (人工繁殖), which involved snatching eggs from the birds nests and hatching（孵化）them under incubators, prompting the mothers to lay another set of eggs in the wild.A decade later, the number of Mauritius kestrels had soared to over 300 and today there are around 400 in the wild. The biologist has also been necessary in efforts to bring other rare species back from the edge of extinction, including the pink pigeon, echo parakeet and Rodrigues warbler.Prof Jones was awarded the $250,000 (172,000) prize at a ceremony in London.“As a young man in my 20s, I certainly didnt enjoy the stress and the tension of the criticism I received,” reflecting on the start of his career, he said the Maurutius kestrel project had been seen as a “dead loss” at the time. In the 1970s there was fierce opposition to the captive breeding techniques, with critics arguing that they were too risky and took the emphasis off breeding in the wild.Prof Jones has devoted his whole life to his work, only becoming a father for the first time eight years ago, at 53. He said receiving the prize was particularly important to him, because it proved that his work to save birds was right.8. What does the underlined word “accolade” mean in Paragraph 2?A. returnB. levelC. honorD. research9. According to the passage, Great Auk is _.A. an endangered birdB. an extinct birdC. a popular birdD. a fierce bird10. What can we know from the figures in Paragraph 4?A. Taking eggs from the nests has worked well.B. The wild environment for kestrel has changed a lot.C. Kestrel has adapted to the life in the wild.D. Its difficult to protect kestrel.11. Prof Jones idea of taking eggs from the birds nests _.A. was proved of no useB. was widely acceptedC. was promoted officiallyD. was criticized by some people【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了生物学家Carl Jones通过人工繁殖的方式使濒临灭绝的鸟类的数量逐渐增加，并且因此获得了2020年的印第安纳波利斯奖。【8题详解】词义猜测题。由于破折号后面的句子是对前面句子的补充说明，故由“won the 2020 Indianapolis Prize”可推知，这里的“accolade”与获奖有关，所以C项“荣誉”符合题意。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句中的“he saved an endangered kestrel from becoming the next Great Auk.”可知，他保护了濒临灭绝的红隼，使它免于遭受Great Auk的情况，所以推测，Great Auk是已经灭绝的一种鸟类。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句中的“had increased to over 300 and today there are around 400 in the wild.”可知，红隼的数量已经开始增加了，所以可推断人工繁殖的方法很有效，与第二段中的“人工繁殖”相对应。故选A。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句中的“A biologist once criticizedthe rarest bird”及文章倒数第二段“As a young man in my 20s, I certainly didnt enjoy the stress and the tension of the criticism I received,” 和最后一句中的“In the 1970s there wasthat they were too risky”可知琼斯教授从稀有鸟类的巢穴中取出鸟蛋的行为被一些人批评。故选D。DMany of us have reached in our pockets, feeling a vibration (振动), wrongly believing our mobile phones have just rung. The phenomenon even has a name: phantom (幻觉的) vibration syndromeand found it is surprisingly common.Now scientists believe that we are so alert (警觉) for phone calls and messages we are misinterpreting slight muscle spasms (痉挛）as proof of a call. Robert Rosenberger, an assistant professor at the Georgia Tech Institute of Technology has studied the delusional calls. He said sufferers describe a vague tingling feeling which they think is their mobile phone indicating it has received a text message or call while on silent. But when the device is retrieved, there was no one on the other end.Dr. Rosenberger said he found so many people say, “This happens to me, but I thought I was the only one. I thought I was odd.” It seems that the syndrome particularly affects people at the beck and call of mobile phones or pagers. A 2020 study by Michael Rothberg and colleagues found that nearly 70 per cent of doctors at a hospital in Massachusetts suffered phantom vibrations. A more recent study of US college students found the figure was as high as 90 per cent.While the odd feeling is widespread, it does not seem to be considered a grave problem. Dr. Rosenberger said: “Its not actually a syndrome in a technical sense. Thats just the name thats got stuck to it.” He added,” Only 2 per cent of people consider it a problem.”While this phenomenon is widespread, the scientific community has not yet invested much effort in getting to the bottom of why we suffer phantom calls.Dr. Rosenberger said: “People are guessing it has something to do with nervous energy. The cognitive（认知的）scientists are talking about brain chemistry, cognitive pathways changing. But its not like they have brain scans to go on.” He said: “We have a phone call in our pocket all the time and it becomes sort of an extension of ourselves. We have this sort of readiness to experience a call. We feel something and we think, OK, that could be a call.”12. Why do some people mistake slight muscle spasms for a call?A. They all have a vivid imagination.B. They are sensitive to calls and messages.C. There are few calls and messages in their life.D. Slight muscle spasms affect them more than other people.13. Which of the following are more likely to have phantom vibration syndrome than others?A. Doctors.B. University professors.C. College students.D. The cognitive scientists.14. In Dr. Rosenbergers opinion, phantom vibration syndrome .A. isnt a kind of disease actuallyB. is considered a problem by most peopleC. is a serious problem ignored by peopleD. has something to do with brain chemistry15. What does the text mainly talk about?A. Most people have phantom vibration syndrome.B. How to keep away from phantom vibration syndrome.C. How to reduce phantom phone vibrations.D. People care too much about phantom phone vibrations.【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. A【解析】这是一篇社会生活类文章。文章介绍了一种非常普遍的病症振动幻听综合症。【12题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“Now scientists believe that we are so alert（警觉） for phone calls and messages we are misinterpreting slight muscle spasms （痉挛） as proof of a call”可知，科学家们认为我们对手机电话和短信如此警觉以至于我们会把轻微的肌肉痉挛误认为是电话。故结合选项，B选项正确。【13题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“A 2020 study by Michael Rothberg and colleagues found that nearly 70 per cent of doctors at a hospital in Massachusetts suffered phantom vibrations. A more recent study of US college students found the figure was as high as 90 per cent”可知，90%的大学生患有振动幻听综合症。故C选项正确。【14题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中的“its not actually a syndrome in a technical sense”可知，Dr. Rosenberger认为，从专业角度来说，这并不是一种综合症。也就是说，他认为这并不是一种病。故A选项正确。【15题详解】主旨大意题。第一段是文章中心段。该段主要介绍了振动幻听综合症是一种非常普遍的现象。大部分人都患有振动幻听综合症。下文简单分析了这种现象的原因以及科学家们对此的看法。故结合选项，A选项正确。第二节 （共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Parents usually teach their children how to cross the street safely, by looking both ways for cars._16_The city of Honolulu, Hawaii wants everyone to learn that lesson._17_Beginning on October 24, you will be fined from $15 to $99 if you step into a Honolulu street while looking at your phone. Honolulu is the first major U.S. city to ban what is called “distracted walking”. It recently passed a law in a seven to two vote. The law says, “No pedestrian shall cross a street or highway while viewing a mobile electronic device.”_18_The law includes all electronic devices with screens: cellphone, tablets, gaming devices, digital cameras and laptop computers._19_Pedestrians may use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.Pedestrian deaths have been increasing as the use of cellphones rises. The Governors Highway Safety Association, or GHSA, says pedestrian deaths in the United States increased 25 percent between 2020 and 2020. That trend continued in 2020 with the number of pedestrian deaths rising to almost 6000, 11% higher than in 2020._20_The state of Washington was the first to outlaw distracted driving back in 2020. Now, 46 other states as well as D. C. , Puerto Rico, Guam and the U. S.Virgin Islands, have laws against texting while driving.If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid being fined in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait until you are again, safely, off the street.A. The law does permit an exception.B. Other U. S. cities may follow Honolulu.C. But do they also teach them to put away their cellphones?D. Texting while crossing the street will soon be banned in the city.E. Do you like Honolulus new law that bans texting while walking?F. In other words, do not look at a screen when you cross the street or you could be fined.G The laws creator hope it will lower the number of people hit and killed by cars in the city.【答案】16. C 17. D18. F 19. A20. E【解析】本文主要讲述了在夏威夷的檀香山立法来限制人们在步行时分心。【16题详解】C根据前边Parents usually teach their children how to cross the street safety, by looking both ways for cars父母通常会通过两种找寻汽车的方法，教会他们的孩子如何安全穿越马路。后边是转折，C项但他们是否也教他们放下手机呢？符合文意，故选C。【17题详解】D根据后边Beginning on October 24, you will be fined from 15 to 99 if you step into a Honolulu street while looking at your phone.10月24日开始，如果你在街上看手机会被罚款，D项过马路时发短信很快就会在城市里被禁止符合文意，故选D。【18题详解】F根据前面It recently passed a law in a seven to two vote.最近，它以7比2的票数通过了一项法律，F项你喜欢在走路时发短信罚款的新法律吗？符合文意，故选F。【19题详解】A根据后边Pedestrians may use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.行人可以在街道上使用这样的设备来呼叫急救服务和救援人员，比如消防员和警察，可知这是有例外的，A项符合文意，故选A。【20题详解】B根据后边The state of Washington was the first to outlaw distracted driving back in 2020.2020年华盛顿州是第一个禁止分心驾驶的州，可知美国其他的城市可能会追随檀香山，B项描述符合文意，故选B。点睛：做七选五时定位选项很关键。明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语，根据文章整体结构于具体内容，将选项填入文中，填写时尤为注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。在定位选项时，要特别注意空格上下段的写作内容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。将所选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索，使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。第二部分英语知识运用 （共两节，满分45）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题15分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。There was a businessman who was deep in debt and could see no way out. He sat on the park bench, head in hands,_21_if anything could save his company from bankruptcy (破产).Suddenly an old man appeared before him. “I can see that something is_22_you,” he said. After listening to the businessmans troubles, the old man said, “I believe I can help you.” He asked the man his name, wrote out a_23_, and pushed it into his hand saying, “Take this money. Meet me here exactly one year from today, and you can pay me back at that time.” Then he turned and disappeared as_24_as he had come.The businessman saw in his hand a check for $500,000,_25_by John D. Rockefeller, then one of the richest men in the world! “I can_26_my money worries in an instant!” he realized. But_27_, he decided to put the uncashed check in his safe. Just knowing it was there might give him the_28_to work out a way to save his business, he thought.With renewed_29_, he negotiated better deals. Within a few months, he was out of debt and making money once again.Exactly one year later, he returned to the_30_with the uncashed check. At the_31_time, the old man appeared. But just as the businessman was about to_32_the check and share his success story, a _33_came running up and grabbed the old man. “Im so delighted I_34_him!” she cried. “I hope he hasnt been bothering you. Hes_35_escaping from the rest home and telling people hes John D. Rockefe