常用统计学词汇

acceptance region接受区域adjusted 校正的allocation 配置、布局alternative hypothesis备择假设* analysis of variance方差分析* analysis of covariance协方差分析ANOCOVA = Analysis of covariance* ANOVA = Analysis of variancearithmetic mean 算术平均值association 关联性* assumed mean假定平均值* asymmetric distribution非对称分布autoregressiveaveragesBbar chartBartletts test* Bayes, -ianbeta functionbetween （间）bias 偏倚biased question平均量自回归（的）条线图巴特利特检验贝叶斯的、贝叶斯贝塔函数内有偏质问* binomial distribution二项分布binomial theorem 二项定理bioassay生物鉴定法bivariate normal distributionblind test 盲检法Bonferronis inequalitybootstrap 自助法Box-Cox transformationCcanonical correlationcase control study二元正态分布Bonferroni 不等式Box-Cox 变换典型相关案例对照研究categorization 分类categorize 分类category 类另 Ucausality因果关系central limit theorem中心极限定理Chebyshevs inequality切比雪夫不等式X 2 -statistic/ 2 统计量x 2 -test x 2 检验classification分类cluster analysis聚类分析coding 编码致性系数coefficient of concordancecoefficient of determination可决系数cohort同辈common factors 公共因子，公因数communality 公因子方差、公共因子方差comparison 比较component 成分* conditional probability条件概率* confidence coefficient置信系数* confidence interval置信区间* confidence limits置信界限* confound, -ing混杂、混杂法* confounding design 混杂设计* consumers price index消费物价指数consumers risk用方风险* contribution基值confirmatory确定的consistent, consistency致（的）、致性contingency table歹1J联表continuous distribution连续分布control （group） 控制、控制（群）convergence in probability概率收敛convergence in law （distribution ）依法贝U收敛（依分布收敛）correction 校正、修正correction factor校正因子连续校正correction for continuitycorrelation coefficient相关系数correlation ratio相关比correlogram相关图covariate共变向量covariation共变criterion variable基准变量critical region判另 Ll 区域* cross-section横截面* cross-tabulation交叉表* cumulative frequency累积频率cumulative distribution function累积分布函数* cumulative relative frequency累积频率curvilinear 曲线(的)D* data 数据* data analysis数据分析* degree of freedom自由度density 密度density function密度函数* dependent variable应变数* descriptive statistics描述性统计deviate 偏差deviation 偏、偏差 (cf. standard - , mean -)discriminant analysis判另 Ll 分析discriminant function判另 Ll 函数discrimination判另 Udiscrete distribution离散分布distribution 分布.(Dont Know )dose-response curve (relationship )用量反应曲线(关系)double blind test二重盲检法* downward trend 下降倾向drop out 脱落例Durbin-Watson statistic (ratio ) Durbin-Watson 统计量(比)Eefficient, efficiency有效的、有效性* Engels coefficient恩格尔系数entropy:Wepidemiology流行病学* error误差error margin误差幅度error of the first kind(type I error ) 第 1 类误差error of the second kind (type II error ) 第 2 类误差error term 误差项estimable 可估的estimate 估计量estimator估计量直接概率法期待度数试验设计说明变量指数分布因子分析因子输入量（系数）析因效应析因试验置信概率有限总体费希尔信息固定效应模型event 事件exact probability test* expectation 期望* expected frequency experimental design* explanatory variable exploratory 探索的exponential distributionFface sheetfactor 因子* factor analysis* factor loadingsfactorial effectsfactorial experimentfiducial probabilityfilter, -ing滤子finite populationFisher information* fitting 拟合fixed-effect modelfollow-up study追迹研究force of mortality死力分步实施计划设计fractional factorial designfree-answer question* frequency 频率* frequency distributionF statistic （ratio, testG自由回答法频率分布） F统计量（F比、F检验）Gauss, Gaussian 高斯 （的）* genetic algorithm遗传算法geometric distribution几何分布geometric mean几何平均值goodness of fit 拟合优度Greco-Latin square正交拉丁 方Hharmonic mean调和平均hazard function 故障率函数heteroscedastic, -ity异方差（性）* histogram 直方图homoscedastic, -ity同方差（性）hypergeometric distribution超几何分布hypothesis 假说I* independence 独立* independent variable独立变量input入力inspection 检查interaction相互作用intercept 切片* interval estimation区间推定* interval scale间隔尺度interviewee被调查者interviewer调查员interviewing method面试调查法item 项 J Jacknife 刀切法 K Kaplan-Meier estimate Kaplan-Meier 估计* Kendalls rank correlation coefficients肯德尔等级相关系数Kullback-Leibler information number库尔贝克-莱布勒信息函数* kurtosis 峰度 L lag时间滞后large sample大样本Latin square拉丁 方law of large numbers大数定律（strong -, weak- : 强定律、弱定律）least significant difference, LSD.最低显着性差异* least square最小二乘法* level of significance显着水平life table生命表likelihood似然linear discriminant function线形判另 Ll函数local control 局部控制logistic function逻辑斯蒂函数logit analysis （transformation ）分对数分析（变换）log-linear model对数线性模型log-log 对数log-normal distribution对数正态分布longitudinal经度的，纵的loss function损失函数MMahalanobis generalized distanceMahalanobis 广义距离mail survey邮送调查main effect主效应marginal 边缘（的）Markov, -ian马尔科夫（的）mathematical statistics数理统计学* maximum 最大（pl. maxima ）maximuim likelihood estimate （estimation ）最大似然估计（估计法）McNemars testMcNema测试* mean 平均（值）mean effect平均效应* median 中位数meta-analysis元分析* minimum 最小（pl. minima ）missing value缺区值* mode众数model, -ing 模型（建模）moment矩moving average 移动平均multicolinear, -ity多重共线（性）multidimensional scaling （MDS多维换算multiple answer重复回答multiple choice多重选择multiple comparison多重比较* multiple correlation coefficient多重相关系数* multiple regression多重回归multi-stage sampling多阶段抽样* multivariate analysis多变量分析Multivariate analysis of variance多元方差分析multivariate normal distribution多变量正态分布 *MANOVA= Multivariate analysis of variance* multiway table多路表N* n xm table* nominal scale额定尺度non-central 无心nonparametric非参数的normal approximation正态近似* normal distribution正态分布normal equation正规方程null hypothesis原假设Oobservational error观测误差* observed frequency观测频率observed value 观测值作用特性曲线OC (operating characteristic ) curveodds 奇odds ratio 奇数比one-sided 单侧1-way layout 1元布局法open-ended question可扩充解答法optimum allocation最佳分配法ordered classification顺序化* ordinal scale序数尺度orthogonal polynomial正交多项式outlier 边际值output 输出、结果paired comparison成对比较法panel survey固定样本调查parameter 系数partial confounding部分混杂（法）* partial correlation coefficient偏相关系数Pearsons product moment correlation coefficient皮尔逊矩相关系数percentile百分数periodic 周期的periodogram周期图phi coefficientj）系数pie chart 饼状图plot 点图* point estimation点估计* Poisson distribution泊松分布pooled variance estimate联合方差估计* population 总体总体相关系数population correlation coefficient* population mean 总体平均值* population variance总体方差posterior probability（distribution ）后验概率（分布）power （function ） 幕（函数）pre-coding 预编码predicted value 预测值predictive预测（的）presentation表不、表现（法）primary sampling unit次抽样的单位主成分（分析）principal component, - analysisprior probability(distribution先验概率（分布）* probability概率概率分布概率比例抽样* probability distribution probability proportionate samplingprobit analysis概率单位分析process 过程producers risk生产者风险projection pursuit投影寻踪proportion 比例proportional hazard model比例风险模型prospective study远景调查Qquartile 四分位(数)quartile deviation四分位偏差* quality 质qualitative 定性的qualitative data定性的数据* quantity 量quantitative 定量的、计量的quota system定额系统* radar chart 雷达图random-effect model* random 随机的randomization概率化、随机化* randomness随机性random number随机数random sampling随机抽样random walk随机游动* range范围（区域）随机效应模型* rank 秩等级相关系数* rank correlation coefficientsranking method秩评定法* rank-size rule秩规模规则rank test 秩检验rating method比率法* ratio scale比率尺度* regression回归* regression coefficient回归系数regression diagnosis回归诊断* regression equation(line )回归方程（直线）* rejection region拒绝区域* relative frequency相对频率reliability(coefficient )信赖性（系数）* residual 残差response curve (surface )相应曲线 (曲面)retrospective study追溯调查risk 风险risk factor 风险因素robust, -ness 稳健的(性)* run 取遍S* sample 样本* sample mean样本均值* sample size样本量(大小)* sample variance 样本方差* sampling 抽样sampling error抽样误差sampling interval抽样间隔sampling unit抽样单位* scales 尺度* scattergram, scatter plot(diagram ) ,点状图Scheffes testScheffe 检验score 得分seasonality 季节性secondary sampling unit第 2 次单位抽样serial correlation序列相关self-adminstration自管理semi-log 半对数sigmoid 拟 S 型、S 状signal to noise ratioSN （信噪） 比signed rank test 带符号的秩检验* significance, significant显着（的）* significance probability显着概率simple random sampling简单随机抽样* simple regression简单回归single replication1 次重复size proportionate allocation比例布局法skewed 斜的* skewness 失真slope 斜率spectral window 谱窗spectrogram 谱图spectrum 谱斯皮尔曼等级相关系数* Spearmans rank correlation coefficients* spurious correlation伪相关square 平方* standard deviation,.标准方差* standard error标准误差* standard score标准得分start number起始编号* stationary平稳的* statistic (for inference ) 统计量(统计推论的)statistical统计的statistically significant统计显着的stem-and-leaf presentation茎叶表现stereotype陈腔滥调stochastic process随机过程* stratification分层stratified sampling分层抽样* stratum (pl. strata )层Student(s) 学生(的)studentized range学生化范围study 研究sub-sampling二次抽样sufficiency 充分性sufficient statistic充分统计量supervisor 管理者survival analysis生存时间分析survey 调查systematic sampling 系统抽样Ttaxonomy 分类(学)tail 尾* test检验拟合良好性检定* test of goodness of fit* test of independence无关性检验3-way layout 3元布局法threshold 阈值tie 结tie correction结修正* time series时间序歹1Jtotal variation全变差treatment 处理* trend 趋势trend analysis趋势分析trial 尝试* t-statistic, -test, -ratiot 统计量（t 检验、t 比）two-sided 双边的* 2-sample t-test2 样本 t 检验2-stage sampling 2 阶段抽样法two-by-two contingency table2X2 歹U联表2-way layout 2元布局法* 2-way tabletwo-stage samplingUunbiased estimatorunbiased variance2重表2阶段抽样法无偏估计量无偏方差uncorrelated 不相关（的）uniform distribution均匀分布uniform random numbers 均匀随机数uniqueness 唯一性updating 更新* upward trend向上趋向Vvalidity有效性variate 变量* variance 方差variance ratio 方差比varimax rotationvarimax 旋度varimax solutionvarimax 解variation 变差variability变异性Wweighted sampling力口权抽样Welchs testWelch 检验within (级)间with probability 1() 以概率 1?wording 措辞XYYates correction Yates 修正* Zipfs lawZipf 法则* z transformationz 变换