初三英语总复习复合句-状语从句.doc

第42讲 复合句状语从句【复习目标】掌握状语从句的作用。掌握状语从句的意义。掌握各种不同类型的状语从句。【课前准备】要求学生回顾引导状语从句的各种连词，并用不同的连词各造一个状语从句。【知识要点】状语从句在句中作状语，修饰句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句由从属连词作关联词，从属连词在从句中不充当句子成分。状语从句在主句之前，一般要用逗号分开，朗读时用升调。状语从句在主句之后，一般不用逗号，朗读时用降调。状语从句按其意义和作用可分为时间、条件、原因、让步、目的、结果、方式、比较、地点等类型。1.时间状语从句(1)常用的连词有when, while, before, after, until(till),since, as soon as等。(2)时间状语从句中一般不用将来时，若谈论将来的事情，往往用一般现在时代替，如：Ill go on with the work when I come back tomorrow./As soon as he finishesthe work, he will come to see me.(3)when和while都表示“当的时候”，但有区别。when强调“特定时间”，如：There was a loud knock at the door when he was just falling asleep.while表示的时间是一段，而不是一点，如：While he was having supper, he heard someone knock at the door.while有时还有对比的含义，如：While I was reading, he was writing.2.原因状语从句(1)常由because, since, as引导。(2)because表示直接的原因，着重点在从句，用于回答why,语气最强。I cant go to school because I am ill.since一般表示对方已知的，无须加以说明的既成事实的理由，全句中心在主句，语气比because弱，常译为“既然”，如：Since you are ill, Ill go alone.as表示十分明显的原因，一般说明因果关系，着重点在主句，语气较弱。常译为“由于”，如：As it is raining hard, we wont go hiking.for是个并列连词，只能放在另一个并列分句后面，表示一种推理或解释，或用作附加说明，而不是指理由或原因，语气最弱，一般不放在句首，常译成“因为”，如：You havent met him, for he didnt come here. 3.条件状语从句常由if(假如、如果)No matter(不管)来引导，如：No matter what he says，I wont believe him，如果主句是一般将来时，从句往往用一般现在时来表示将来，如：Ill go for a picnic if it is fine. 4.结果状语从句一般由so.that, such.that引导，如：Its such a heavy box that nobody can move it.The box is so heavy that nobody can move it.5.目的状语从句往往由so that, in order that引导，如：Ill speak slowly so that you can understand me.He set off early in order that he might be in time.6.比较状语从句常由as.as, than, not as/so.as等引导。比较从句部分常是省略句，如：Im taller than he (is).Science is not as popular as English.7.方式状语从句常用as引导。如：You should do it as I told you.8.让步状语从句由though或although等引导，但不能与but同时连用，如：Though it snowed heavily, they kept on working.9.地点状语从句常用where, wherever引导。如：Ill go where work is hard.【典型例题解析】例1 The question was _ difficult that nobody could answer CD#3.A. very.them B. very.it C. so.them D. so.it 解析 因为句中有that,所以前面用so,构成sothat从句，而question是单数，用代词it,故选D。例2 It was _that he had to ask for help.A. such big work B. so big a work C. so a big work D. such big job解析 work是不可数名词，指工作或工程，故选A。例3 He wont believe it _ he sees it with his own eyes.A. when B. after C. until D. as soon as 解析 此句是notuntil,“直到才”。故答案选C。例4 Ill go _ with you _ next Sunday.A. hunting.when I will have timeB. to hunt.until Im freeC. boating.if I have nothing to doD. to boat.as I will not be so busy解析 去打猎、划船常用go hunting, go boating，所以应在A和C中选择，又因为when和if在句中引导状语从句时，要用一般现在时表示将来，故选C。例5 Its almost three years _ I last saw her.A. since B. when C. that D. after 解析 本句表示自从上次见到她几乎有三年了，句型Its+时间段+since从句(过去时)，故选A。【选讲例题】用所给动词适当形式填空例6 Ill go to Shanghai if I have (have) time tomorrow.And I want to know if you will have (have) time to go with me.解析 第一句中if是“假如”的意思引导状语从句，要用一般现在时表示将来时，第二句中if是“是否”的意思，引导宾语从句，仍用将来时。例7 Could you tell me when he will return (return) home next week?Sorry, I cant. But I will ring you up when he returns (return) home. 解析 第一句中的when意思是“什么时候”，引导宾语从句用将来时态，第二句中的when是“当时”的意思，引导时间状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来。【课内追踪练习】单项选择(C) 1.Jack was tired _ played tennis all afternoon.A. if B. as soon as C. because D. before(B) 2.e was walking along the river _ he saw a big cat.A. while B. when C. as D. which (A) 3._ he finished his work, he left hurriedly.A. As soon as B. In order that C. Until D. Since(A) 4.Ill leave him a note CD#3 hell know where we are.A. so that B. so as C. in order D. for(C) 5._the rain has stopped, lets start again.A. For B. Because C. Since D. hat【复习小结】 1 牢记引导各类状语从句的连词及它们的不同意义和作用。 2注意区别when（什么时侯）引导宾语从句、（当时）引导宾语从句；if（是否）引导宾语状语从句、（假如）引导条件状语从句； sothat、so that、suchthat 3 注意用一般现在时表示将来的几种句式。【课外巩固练习】一、单项选择(A) 6.He started early _ he could get there before nine.A. in order that B. because C. so as to D. in order to(B) 7.They waited _ it was dark outside.A. since B. until C. so D. while(B) 8.Mike is _ boy that we all like him.A. a good so B. so good a C. a such good D. such good a(D) 9.It was _that they wanted to go for a picnic in the country.A. such a fine weather B. so fine a weatherC. a fine weather so D. such fine weather(B) 10.Mother was doing some cooking _ father was reading a newspaper.A. when B. while C. whether D. since (C) 11.Ships are_ than planes that few people take them on business.A. too much slower B. very much slowerC. so much slower D. much more slower(B) 12.They had started harvesting rice _ the rain began.A. after B. before C. since D. as二、在下列各句中填入适当的状语从句连词，使句子意思完整、通顺13. When it rains, I go to school by bus.14. I will tell you the secret if you dont tell anyone else about it.15. Mary always takes a seat in the first row so that she can hear better.16. We didnt notice anything wrong with the computer until we started usingit.17.The young doctor was a bit worried because it was his first time to operate on a patient.18.We should study foreign languages as hard as Marx did.19.The elephant has so strong a body that it can do heavy work for people.20.It is such a difficult problem that nobody can work it out. 三、句型转换21.Use your head, then youll find a way.If you use your head, youll find a way.22.I went to bed after my father came back home yesterday.I didnt go to bed until my father came back home yesterday.23.The island is so beautiful that it can attract large numbers of people.The island is beautiful enough to attract large numbers of people.24.My dress is more expensive than Lilys.Lilys dress is not so/as expensive as mine.25.The school has been open for three years.Its three years since the school opened. 四、改错At the entrance of a big office in London, there was a piece of papers. All men had to write their names on it when they reached each morning. At nine oclock, a young man, which lived in a small room on the office, had to draw a red line under the last name, and whoever was coming before that had to explain to the manager. Whenever there was a thick fog in the city, the first person to arrive lately usually wrote the reason “Delayed by fog” and by then everyone else after that just put “ditto” below.One morning, however, first man to come late wrote “My wife had given birth to a baby this morning.”Twenty or thirty people after him put “ditto” be low as usually.26.entrance of改成entrance to27.a piece of papers改成a piece of paper28.reached each morning改成arrived each morning29.which lived改成who lived30.on the office改成above the office31.coming before改成coming after32.to arrive lately改成to arrive late33.and by then改成and then34.however, first改成however, the first35.had given改成has given36.as usually改成as usual五、书面表达你的同事王红的姐姐来电，因王红不在，你接了电话，王红的姐姐说她明天(8月25日)上午乘326次火车来北京，参加一个学术活动，火车925到，请接站。假如你叫周光，接电话的时间是上午1130分，请完成此电话记录。