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Unit1 1. refer to 指的是；涉及 （Unit 1 Text A）预防保健指的是某种生活方式和医疗保健（例如疾病筛查）的实施Preventive health refers to the implementation of certain lifestyle and health care practices, such as disease screening.2. make a diagnosis of作出的诊断（Unit 1 Text A）我们可以根据影像学特征对颈椎间盘突出症作出诊断。We can make a diagnosis of cervical disc herniation based on the characteristics of MRI.3. medical interview 医学访谈（Unit 1 Text A）在医学访谈的过程中，病人在努力描述主诉时可能会出现不清楚或前后不一致的情况。A patient might be unclear and somewhat inconsistent when trying to describe his or her chief complaint in the course of a medical interview.4. assist with 辅助；在给予帮助（Unit 1 Text A）许多单中心研究都表明了可能应用超声心动图来辅助病人选择Many single-center studies have demonstrated the feasibility of echocardiography to potentially assist with patient selection.5. may indicate 可能预示（Unit 1 Text A）这有可能预示亲代的激素及免疫情况对性别比例影响较小。This may indicate a small influence of the parental hormonal and immunological status on sex ratio。6. responsible for 导致引发（Unit 1 Text A）这是一项关于对引发菌血症的致病菌进行基因识别的研究This is a study on the genic identification of pathogenic bacteria responsible for bacteremia.7. a close association betweenand 在.与.间的密切联系（Unit 1 Text A）最近的研究报告了慢性疲劳综合症和神经调节低血压间的密切联系。Recent studies have reported a close association between chronic fatigue syndrome and neurally mediated hypotension.8. be made available 可以获得（配有）（Unit 1 Text A）大型初级治疗医院应当配有运送心脏休克病人的支持系统。A support system for the transportation of patients with cardiac shock should be made available in large primary care hospitals.9. be facilitated by被促进（Unit 1 Text A）对这一基因进一步的分子克隆和功能分析将促进我们对它的理解。Our understanding of this gene will be facilitated by the further molecular cloning and functional analysis on it.10. a wide array of大量的（Unit 1 Text A）他的建议为大量的器官捐献者敞开了大门。His suggestion opens the door to a wide array of eligible organ donors.Unit 21. the rationale for 的基本原理（理据）是（Unit 2 Text A）有迹象表明早期不可逆转的病理在缓解型多发性硬化的早期，在明显得残疾发生以前就存在了，并且会在缓解期持续，这一迹象是早期治疗的理据。The rationale for early treatment comes from evidence showing that early and irreversible pathology exists in very early stages of relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) often before significant disability is apparent and continues during remission.2. in an attempt to prevent为了预防（阻止）（Unit 2 Text A）通过避开对自体黑色素瘤的需求，将有可能在为了预防转移切除原发性脉络膜黑色素瘤后对病人进行治疗。By circumventing the need for autologous melanoma, it is possible to treat patients after removal of the primary choroidal melanoma in an attempt to prevent metastasis.3. the early detection of 早期发现(检测)（Unit 2 Text A）除了可以早期发现局部缺血，越来越多的证据表明弥散加权成像技术还可以提供重要的中风病原学信息。Beside the early detection of ischemia, there is an increasing body of evidence that diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can provide important information on stroke etiology.4. arise from源自于，由于（Unit 2 Text A）相似的症状可能有不同的病理生理学原因。Similar symptoms may arise from different pathophysiology.5. resort to 求助于，采用（Unit 2 Text A）这些结果表明女生也许会采用不健康的方式来减少体重。These results suggest that girls may resort to unhealthful means to achieve a low body weight.6. acute affection 急性感染（Unit 2 Text A）这一过程简单并可以重复，对急性感染的诊断有重要价值。The procedure is simple and reproducible, and of great value for the diagnosis of an acute infection.7. consist of 由组成（Unit 2 Text A）连续用药3个周期为一个疗程。One course of treatment consists of 3 consecutive menstrual period. 8. clinical judgment 临床诊断（Unit 2 Text B）虽然临床诊断很重要，但在疾病的急性期可能还需要加大剂量并且不间断地持续用药。 Though clinical judgment is important, doses may need to be increased and continued, without interruption, for the duration of acute illness. 9. clinical experience 临床经验（Unit 2 Text B）临床经验和充分的实验证据表明理情行为疗法在减轻情绪痛苦时是有效甚至是高效的。Clinical experience and a growing supply of experimental evidence show that REBT is effective and efficient at reducing emotional pain. 10. access to health care 获得医疗保健（Unit 2 Text B）在营地和地方社区生活的许多人几乎得不到卫生保健，他们的状况可能会急剧恶化。Many people living in camps and local communities have little access to health care and their situation could deteriorate quickly. Unit 3 1. aim to prevent 目的是阻止 (Unit 3 Text A )相反，代码编写规约的目的是阻止缺陷和让代码更易于阅读。Codingconventions, by contrast,aimtopreventdefectsandmakethecode easiertoread.2. seek to restore 重建，恢复 (Unit 3 Text A )治疗寻求重建大脑多巴胺水平或治疗疾病的症状。Thetreatmentsseektorestoredopaminelevelsin the brainortotreat symptomsofthedisease.3. the bodys function 人体的功能 (Unit 3 Text A )营养支持的主要目的是促进体内蛋白质合成，为人体免疫功能的恢复提供必要的营养，贮存能量，维持人体器官功能。Nutritionalsupportisaimedatpromotingproteinsynthesisinthebody,thebodys immunefunctiontoprovidethenecessarynutrition,energystorage,tomaintain thefunctionsofhumanorgans.4. can be applied to可以被运用到(Unit 3 Text A )这种方法着重于了MDA的概念如何能被运用到其它领域以及抽象的更高级别，该方法使得开发者可以隔离于技术的改变。ThisapproachhighlightshowthenotionofMDAcanbeappliedtootherareas andathigherlevelsofabstraction, andinsulatethedeveloperfromchangesin thetechnology.5. be incorporated into 被纳入，被应用到(Unit 3 Text A )如果新液滴能被应用到现实屏幕中，会很好地解决刷新速率过慢的问题。Ifthenewdropletscanbeincorporatedintorealscreens, thatwilldealwith the slowrefreshrate.6. evolve into 进化成(Unit 3 Text A )山羊般大小的动物是如何进化成地球上最大的生物的？How didanimalsthesizeofa goatevolveintothelargestcreaturesonEarth?7. be attributed to 由所导致 (Unite 3 Text B)然后我们可以将这些信息转变成对当前糖尿病和冠心病的估计，而这些疾病是软饮料消耗量的增加所导致的。Wecanthen translatethisinformationintoestimatesof thecurrentdiabetesand cardiovasculardiseasethat canbeattributedtotheriseinconsumptionofthese drinks.8. health insurance 健康保险(Unite 3 Text B)他没有健康保险，并且受伤以后也没有收入来源了He had no health insurance and, after the injury, no income. 9. holistic approach to整体全面的做法 (Unite 3 Text B)我们应当支持初级卫生保健工作人员中角色转变，从主要处理躯体病症转为将躯体和精神健康相结合的更为整体的卫生保健做法。We should supportthechangeofrolesamongprimaryhealthcarestafffromworking predominantlywithphysicaldisorderstoa moreholisticapproachtohealthcare thatincorporatesphysicalandmentalhealth.10. clinical efficacy 临床疗效(Unite 3 Text B)应用股骨重建钉治疗同侧股骨干、股骨颈骨折可获得良好的临床疗效，具有一定的应用价值。 Good clinical efficacy can be obtained by reconstruction nail for ipsilateral fractures of femoral neck and shaft. It is worth applying. Unit 41. continuous care of对的持续护理(Unit 4 Text A)针对病人的健康管理，他们会跟病人保持联系并提供持续的护理Theyprovideprimarycontactandcontinuouscaretowardthemanagementof patientshealth.2. in collaboration with与合作(Unit 4 Text A)现在中国正在与西方在合作中发展，他依赖西方的资本和市场，并寻求外部环境的稳定。For nowChinaisdevelopingincollaborationwiththeWest.Itrelies onWestern investmentandmarkets,andseeksstabilityabroad.3. poor sanitary conditions 卫生条件差 (Unit 4 Text A)我们曾对霍乱、营养不良和可能由于卫生条件差而引起的流行病发出严重警报，而现在的问题是这些是否是错误警报。Weissued strong warningsofcholera,malnutritionandepidemicspotentiallydue topoorsanitaryconditions,andthequestionnowwaswhetherthosehad been falsealarms.4. intensive nursing 加强护理 (Unit 4 Text A)对此类患者，早期及时而有效地治疗和加强皮肤粘膜的护理以及严格的消毒隔离等护理措施至关重要。Tothesepatients,earlier,timelyandeffectivetherapyandnursingmeasuresuch asintensivenursingofskinandmucosa,strictsterilizationandisolationwerevery important.5. have expertise in在.具有专长(Unit 4 Text A)我鼓励她们与管理高风险病人方面有专业技能的专家商量，得到一些意见。 I encourage them to consult with specialists who have expertise in management of high-risk patients and get several opinions. 6. attend to照顾 (Unit 4 Text A)病人太多，我一个人应接不暇。There weremorepatientsthanIcouldattendtosingle-handed.7. provide consultation to为提供咨询(Unit 4 Text A)学校为中学生提供了心理卫生咨询。The school providesmental hygieneconsultationto the students.8. pave the way for为铺平道路(Unit 4 Text B)一些人认为不仅仅是定义发生了改变,而且这种改变为宣布流感大流行铺平了道路。Somehaveargued thatnot onlywasthedefinitionchanged,butthat itwas done topavethewayfordeclaringapandemic.9. in hospital setting 在医院（环境中）(Unit 4 Text B)已有人传人记录，例如在印度一所医院就有人传人记录。 Human-to-human transmission has also been documented, including in a hospital setting in India. 10. home health service 家庭医疗服务(Unit 4 Text B)普适的家庭医疗服务与传统的医疗服务相比，其显著优势是具有环境感知力。Compared with traditional health care service, ubiquitous home health care service has the ability of context-awareness. Unit 5 1. abnormal growths 异常生长 (Unit 5 Text A)结节性脑硬化是一种以多器官异常生长为特征的遗传病。Tuberous Sclerosis (TSC) is a genetic disorder characterised by abnormal growths in a wide range of organs.2. gain access to达到，接近，利用(Unit 5 Text A)TMR的一个缺点是需要外科胸廓切开术来达到心脏心外膜表面。One drawback of TMR is the need for surgical thoracotomy in order to gain access to the epicardial surface of the heart.3. migrate迁徙，转移(Unit 5 Text A)骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSC)和神经前体细胞(NPC)移植于脑组织损伤动物的实验证明这两类细胞移植后均能在体内迁徙。Brain trauma examination indicated that both bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and neural progenitor cells (NPC) could migrate after transplantation。4. remain localized to 局限于(Unit 5 Text A)多数肿瘤直径不会超过12mm并且会局限于原发部位。 Most tumors would never grow beyond a diameter of 12mm and would remain localized to the primary site.5. microscopic appearance 微观形貌 (Unit 5 Text A)对弯曲加载条件下低周疲劳损伤断口微观形貌进行了观察分析。 The examination of microscopic appearance of low cycle fatigue fracture was conducted. 6. clinical manifestations 临床表现，临床特征(Unit 5 Text A)本研究的目的是观察儿童孤独症患儿的临床特征。The objective of this study is to observe the clinical manifestations of children with autism7. spread to other tissues 传到其他组织上(Unit 5 Text A)在一些生物体上，RNA静默信号可能会传到其他组织上从而引发系统性RNA静默。In some organisms, the RNA silencing signal may spread to other tissues inducing systemic RNA silencing.8. invade nearby tissues 侵入邻近组织(Unit 5 Text A)癌细胞可以侵入临近组织，可以通过血流和淋巴系统传到身体得其他部位。Cancer cells can invade nearby tissues and can spread through the bloodstream and lymphatic system to other parts of the body.9. malignant tumor 恶性肿瘤(Unit 5 Text A)人类和动物体内的正常微生物群落可以抑制恶性肿瘤的再生。The normal microflora in humans and animals may restrain malignant tumor regeneration.10. circulate in the bloodstream 在血液中循环(Unit 5 Text A)在自然条件下,肉毒杆菌毒素可以通过肠道屏障,在血液中循环一段时间。Under natural conditions, botulinum toxins may pass the intestinal barrier and circulate in the bloodstream for a certain time.Unit 6 1. sensory stimuli 感觉刺激 (Unit 6 Text A) 感觉门控是大脑的一种正常功能,是指大脑对感觉刺激反应的调节能力。Sensory gating is an important property of the normal functioning brain, and is an operational ability of the brain to modulate sensory stimuli. 2. lead to the formation of 导致的形成(Unit 6 Text A)大多数的蛋白质都可分为若干个结构域,结构域的不同组合使蛋白质具有不同的三级结构并具有不同的功能。Different combinations of domains lead to the formation of diverse tertiary structures with diverse function for proteins. 3. the mechanism of 的机制/机理(Unit 6 Text A)研究者们分析了运动对大鼠长骨发育作用的机理Researchers have analyzed the mechanism of the effect of exercise on the development of long bone in Rats.4. the rate of metastasis 转移率(Unit 6 Text A)盆腹腔的转移率在临床阶段达到9.5 %。The rate of metastasis in pelvic and abdominal cavity was 9.5 % in clinical stage.5. progressive disorder 变性疾病 (Unit 6 Text A)帕金森病(Parkinsons disease，PD)是一种常见于中老年的神经系统变性疾病，其发病率在65岁以上人群高达1。PD is a neurodegenerative progressive disorder with a prevalence of 1% in the population above 65 years of age. 6. be positively correlated with 与呈正相关(Unit 6 Text B)统计学分析示,脂肪变性与小叶内炎症呈正相关。According to the statistic analysis, hepatic steatosis was positively correlated with lobular inflammation.7. the incidence of 的发病/发生(Unit 6 Text B)为了消除这些高危险因素,早期诊断和预防性抗真菌药物的使用可以帮助减少肺真菌感染的发生率。To eliminate these high risk factors, early diagnosis and the use of prophylactic antifungal agents can help reduce the incidence of pulmonary fungous infection.8. a safe alternative to 安全的替代(Unit 6 Text B)在荧光镜控制下的经皮切除可安全的替代手术切除。Percutaneous removal under fluoroscopic control is a safe alternative to operative removal.9. sun exposure 阳光照射(Unit 6 Text B)缺乏维生素D可以通过阳光照射和足够的补充来预防。Vitamin D deficiency can be prevented by sun exposure and adequate supplementation.10. family history 家族病史(Unit 6 Text B)对所有的受试者都进行了临床评估并记录了其完整的家族病史。All the subjects were evaluated clinically and a complete family history was recorded.Unit 71. defects in 在（方面的）缺陷 （Unit 7 Text A）助听器有助于克服听觉缺陷。A hearing aid helps to overcome defects in hearing. 2. symptoms involve症状体现为（Unit 7 Text A）症状体现为不规律的经期（比正常 的28 天周期要早），经期比平时的重，经期伴随着点块，而不是有规律的流体。 Symptoms involve irregular periods (earlier than the normal 28 days apart); periods that are heavier than usual; and periods that involve spotting rather than a regular flow. 3. metabolic abnormalities 代谢异常（Unit 7 Text A）突然松开受压的肢体可能引起再灌注症候群 急性血容量不足和代谢异常。Sudden release of a crushed extremity may result in reperfusion syndrome acute hypovolemia and metabolic abnormalities. 4. complete fracture 完全骨折（Unit 7 Text A）为观察骨折后反复手法整复骨膜损伤的情况，将6具尸体股骨干制成完全横断骨折。To observe the influence of repeated manipulative reductions on periosteal injury after fracture, experimental complete transverse fracture was made in bilateral femoral shafts of 6 cadavers. 5. vital sign 生命体征；生命迹象（Unit 7 Text B）本文从生命体征监测、疾病变化规律和药物治疗等方面对护理的研究进展进行了综述。This article reviewed the research progress in nursing from the aspects of vital sign monitoring, rule of pathological changes and drug therapy.6. institute appropriate care 制定合适的治疗（方案）（Unit 7 Text B）如果儿童受到叮咬并且患了疟疾，快速和适当的保健至关重要。 It is essential to institute rapid and appropriate care if a child is bitten and has malaria.7. physical therapy 物理治疗（Unit 7 Text B）专家说像物理治疗和认知行为疗法的非药物治疗通常会增强疗效。 Experts say non-drug treatments like physical therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy can often enhance treatment. 8. be hospitalized for illness 因病住院（Unit 7 Text B）她最近因重病在国外住院，She has been recently hospitalized for a serious illness abroad9. appropriate intervention 适当的治疗（Unit 7 Text B）因此受艾滋病影响儿童的心理健康问题不容忽视，应该采取适当的治疗改善这些儿童的心理健康状态。 Therefore, the mental health problems of the children affected by AIDS can not be ignored, appropriate intervention should be taken to improve these childrens mental health status. 10. in clinical settings 在临床（实践）上（Unit 7 Text B）她也表示希望IOM提出的开展新研究的倡议能够带来一些在临床上充分的新研究。 She also expressed her hope that the IOMs appeal for new research will lead to some well-designed studies in clinical settings. Unit 81. repair of the central nervous system 中枢神经系统的修复 （Unit8 TextA）哺乳动物中枢神经系统损伤的修复研究是神经科学研究领域的热点。 Repair of injured mammalian central nervous system is one of the most interesting fields in neuroscience research. 2. bodily functions 身体机能（Unit8 TextA）保持不断的锻炼可以避免身体机能老化。To maintain continuous exercise can avoid the aging of bodily functions.3. be mediated by 被介导（Unit8 TextA）活化肥大细胞和嗜碱粒细胞可能不是被相同物质介导。 Histamine release from mast cells and basophils might not be mediated by the same factors. 4. varying degrees 不同程度（Unit8 TextA）将发表在大脑行为研究（BehaviouralBrainResearch）杂志上的这篇研究报告，论述了在夜间受到不同程度光照的老鼠的症状。 The study, which will appear in the journal Behavioural Brain Research, involved mice who were subjected to varying degrees of light at night. 5. loss of memory 记忆丧失（Unit8 TextA）失忆症中的记忆丧失足以使我们失去自我。The loss of memory in amnesia can cause us to lose ourselves. 6. chronical pain 慢性疼痛（Unit8 Text B）慢性盆腔疼痛是常见的妇科症状，病因复杂，病情常反复发作，时轻时重，临床上常常不易鉴别。 Chronical pelvic pain is a common symptom, which frequently occurs with varying degrees and is hard to identify in clinical diagnosis. 7.surgical intervention 手术治疗（Unit8 Text B）因为到了成年手术治疗不能完全治愈该病，因此研究早期在儿童期检查该病的方法将很有帮助。Since surgical intervention did not completely cure this condition during adulthood, it would be helpful to study ways to detect this disease early during childhood. 8.combinations of medications 药物组合（Unit8 Text B）只有关于应用止痛药组合的报道，止痛药可以发挥治疗的最佳效果，这种联合显示出其有效性。There is only data available for combinations of pain medications which may maximize the effects that it has been shown to be effective. 9.be in treatment 接受治疗（Unit8 Text B）老年人如果患有严重的心脑血管疾病，就应该积极地接受治疗。If there serious cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the elderly, they should be active in treatment. 10. with treatment-resistant depression 患有难治疗抑郁症（Unit8 Text B）他自己近期对于10个难治性抑郁症患者的工作支持了这一观点。 His own recent work on 10 patients with treatment-resistant depression supports this notion. Unit 9 1. body process 身体过程（Unit 9 Text A）请试着把呼吸改想成一股体内能量流，一个全身过程。 Please try to think of the breath instead as the energy flow in the body, as a full body process. 2. by secreting hormones 通过分泌激素（Unit 9 Text A）低血糖会引起人体多种（升血糖的）激素分泌，包括生长激素和皮质醇激素。Your body reacts to low blood glucoses by secreting several hormones, including growth hormone and cortisol. 3. target organ （Unit 9 Text A）如何找到自己的癌细胞转移靶器官？ How do metastatic cancer cells find their target organ? 4. defined borders 明确的界限（Unit 9 Text A）这些渗液的特徵是密稠的脓和扩散的边缘，脓阳肿胀且大部分有流动性、有明确的边缘、以及里面有脓。These infiltrates are characterized by a dense consistency and diffuse borders, whereas abscesses have swellings that are mostly fluctuating, have well-defined borders, and can contain pus. 5. a constant supply of充足的（Unit 9 Text A）草本植物人参和银杏叶有助把氧气、血液和营养源源不绝地送往脑部，助你时刻保持头脑清晰及增强记忆力，让你从容不迫面对压力.Siberian ginseng and ginkgo biloba ensure a constant supply of oxygen, blood and nutrients to the brain to help you keep a clear mind at all times and fight stress. 6. defects in在方面的缺陷（Unit 9 Text A）助听器有助于克服听觉缺陷。A hearing aid helps to overcome defects in hearing. 7. underproduction of 分泌较少（Unit 9 Text A）甲状腺功能衰退症就是某种激素分泌较少，这是头发脱落形成斑秃的最常见原因（这可能影响整个身体而不仅仅是头部）。Hypothyroidism is an underproduction of certain hormones and is the most common cause of patchy hair loss known as alopecia areata (which can affect the whole body and not just the head). 8. life sustaining therapy 维持生命的治疗（Unit 9 Text B）然而，对维持生命的治疗的组成目前还没有清楚的界定。 However, there is no clear definition of what constitutes a life-sustaining therapy. 9. increased sweating 发汗（Unit 9 Text B）阿司匹林具有十分广泛的用途，其最基本的药理作用是解热镇痛，通过发汗增加散热作用，从而达到降温目的。 Aspirin has a very wide range of uses, its basic pharmacology is antipyretic and analgesic, heat through increased sweating, so as to achieve cooling purposes. 10hyperfunciton of 功能亢进（Unit 9 Text B）高血压病合并RAS患者，尤其是合并有冠心病时，凝血功能亢进而纤溶功能降低。Hyperfunction of coagulation system and hypofunction of fibrinolytic system were significant in patients with RAS and CAD accompanying with hypertension.Unit 10 1. functional unit 功能单位 （Unit 10 Text A）1838年，Theodore Schwann 和 Matthias Schleiden提出，细胞是所有生物的基本功能单位。 In 1838 Theodore Schwann and Matthias Schleiden proposed that the cell was the basic functional unit of all living things. 2. hearing loss 听觉损失（Unit 10 Text A）听力损失往往是非常令人沮丧，如果不尽快解决，会导致社会隔离。Hearing loss can often be very frustrating and lead to social isolation, if not quickly addressed. 3. nerve impulse 神经冲动（Unit 10 Text A）当一块肌肉发生收缩时，一个神经脉冲就传递给大脑，要求其打开另外的神经元电路和神经区。 When a muscle is contracted a nerve impulse is relayed to the brain, triggering other neuronal circuits and nervous centers. 4. primary auditory area （Unit 10 Text A）这个新月的中心处在位于中间西尔维安(氏)外侧回的主要听觉区。The centre of this crescent was in the position of the primary auditory area on the middle ectosylvian gyrus.5. optical aid 助视器（Unit 10 Text A）通过使用助视器，使低视力儿童能够充分利用其残余视力以帮助其学习和生活。In case of the utilization of the optical aids, the low visions children could use their remained vision helping their study and life. 6. acute infection 急性感染（Unit 10 Text A）大多数人能从急性感染中康复，但有些人则转化为慢性乙肝并走向死亡。Most people recover from the acute infection, but others develop chronic Hepatitis B and end up dying from it. 7. hearing threshold 听力阈值（Unit 10 Text A）直到目前，人类在次声频段的听力阈值仍没有得到一致的结果。本文综述了这方面的工作，并略详细地介绍了几个有代表性的工作。 In this paper some typical works are introduced in detail to make a review about the human hearing threshold of infrasonic frequencies in which an identical result has not been got up to now. 8. relaxation of muscles 肌肉松弛（Unit 10 Text A）研究表明这种现象的原因可能是紧张导致的衰老效应，而脸部肌肉的持续松弛可能是长期服用抗抑郁药物的结果。Research suggests that the reas
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