小学英语知识大全.doc

小学英语知识大全一、疑问词：What什么 Where在哪里 When 什么时候Who谁 How怎样 Why为什么Which哪一个Whose谁的How many多少个How much多少钱 What time什么时间What colour什么颜色Whats the weather什么天气二、第三人称单数：除你我之外的一个人, 如：he, she, my sister, my brother, my uncle, John 等be动词：am, is, are: I 专用am；碰到单数用is；碰到复数用are三、四个不同时态的主要结构 1. 将来时： be going to+动词原形+将来时间 表示打算与will、want to用法相同 I am going to. I am going to take a trip next week. he/ she/ it等单数 is going to My mom is going to buy a dictionary this afternoon. You/ we/they等复数 are going to We are going to visit grandparents tonight. 2. 现在进行时：be doing 表示正在做，句中一般有Look，now 如： I am reading stories.My father is reading a newspaper now. Look! The monkey is swinging. They are watching TV in the living room. Maybe our cat is chasing a mouse now.3.一般现在时： 三单+动es/s 不是第三人称单数时用动词原型句中一般有usuallyoftensometimeseveryday 如：My new pen pal lives in Shanghai.Miss Lin teaches English. Mike studies Chinese at school.Mike usually goes to bed at 9:00. My sister usually reads English at 7:00比较：Sarah is watching TV at 9:00. Sarah 9:00时正在看电视Sarah is going to watch TV at 9:00. Sarah打算在 9:00看电视Sarah often watches TV at 9:00. Sarah（常常）在 9:00看电视4.一般过去时：主语+动词过去时+过去时间I rode a bike yesterday. He cleaned the bedroom last night. We went shopping last weekend.四、 like/likes+动ing I like playing football. He likes reading books.五、元音字母：a，e，i，o，u an interesting film, an old man, an egg, an elephant, an English teacher, an English book, an air-conditioner, an e-mail特殊a university student.六、can, cant, did, didnt, does ,doesnt , do, dont lets , to, must，should，why not，后的动词用原形七、one two three four five six seven eight nine ten, eleven, twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety八、26字母的默写和听写九、人称代词、物主代词主格Ihesheit theywe宾格mehimheritthemus形容词性所有格myhisheritstheirour名词性所有格minehishersitstheirsours主格用于动词前，宾格用于动词后；形容词性所有格后接名词，名词性所有格不能接名词。如：It is my book. The book is mine.十、名词的复数形式：一般加s;个别加es，如：tomatoes, potatoes;特殊的，如：脚foot-feet, 鹅goose-geese, 牙齿tooth-teeth，老鼠mouse-mice单数数同行：鱼fish,绵羊 sheep；人people十一、国家、国旗、代表城市、标志建筑美国（New York） 美国自由女神像 英国（London） 英国大本钟 伦敦大桥 澳大利亚（Sydney） 悉尼歌剧院 加拿大 加拿大国家电视塔America England Australia Canada 十二、介词：on+星期/具体的日子on Sunday, on the weekend. on the left在左边 on the right在右边 Its on the second floor. on February 21st.at在时间点或地点at 6 oclock Turn left at the cinema.在电影院左转 Turn right at the hospital.在医院右转 with 和、用 I go to the supermarket with my mom和play with snow The elephant is drinking water with its trunk.用象鼻喝水for 为，给thank you for coming感谢到来 a bike for three people I want to buy gifts for my mum.给妈妈买礼物Grandpa, let me read this for you.in上下午，in月in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;但是this morningthis afternoontomorrow前不加in十三、区别以下内容then然后 hobby爱好 buy买feel感觉 get on上车turn left左转 traffic lights交通灯 near附近than比 happy 快乐 by乘 fail失败get off 下车turn right右转 traffic rules交通规则 next to相邻always总是usually通常 often 经常sometime有时never从不; teacher,教师teachers教师们 teach,教 teaches教(第三人称单数形式) play footballplay bastetballplay ping-pong与play the pianoplay the violinplay the pipa play the erhu十四、hospital-doctor-nurse-ill -hurt; fisherman-sea-fish ；post office-post card -post man-letter信; cleaner-clean streets; cinema-film电影 shop-store商店； 十五 、用 Can 、Do、 Does 、Did、Is、 Are 、Was、Were、Would提问，回答用YesNo，并带回提问词。Yes=sure, No=sorry特殊：Can I help you?-Yes, please. I want some apples./ No, thanks. Would you like some soup?-Yes, please./No, thanks. Are you a student?Yes, I am./ No, I am not.回答用Yes或No的一般疑问句：Would you like some milk?Yes, please./ No, thanks.Is your mother an English teacher?-Yes, she is./ No, she isnt.Is John watching TV? Yes, he is./ No, he isnt.Is your birthday in May?- Yes, it is./ No, it isnt.Is this the teacher office?Yes, it is./ No, it isnt.Is that the computer room? Yes, it is./ No, it isnt.Is it cold? Yes, it is./ No, it isnt.Is there a cinema near the bookstore?Yes, there is./ No, there isnt.Are there any trees on the mountain?Yes, there are. / No, there arent.Are you from China?Yes, I am./ No, I am not. Are they your teachers?Yes, they are./ No, they arent. Are these elephants? Yes, they are./ No, they arent. Are those tigers? Yes, they are./ No, they arent.Can I speak to your mom, please?Sure. Hold on, please. Can I help you?Yes, please. I want a pair of shoes. Can I go on foot?Sure, if you like. Can you tell me something about your day?Sure. Can you read English?Yes, I can./ No, I cant Can I wear my new dress today?Yes, you can./ No, you cant.Do you have lunch at school?Yes, I do./ No, I dont. Do you have a computer room?Yes, we do./No, we dont.Does she teach you math?Yes ,she does./ No, she doesnt. She teaches me Chinese. Does your father go to work on foot?Yes, he does./ No, he doesnt. Did you like it?- Yes, I did./ No, I didnt. I didnt like it. Did you see a film?No, I didnt see a film./ Yes, I did. I saw an interesting film. Was it interesting?-Yes, it was./ No, it wasnt.六年级上册第一单元重点：1.方位介词：in on under near next to behind between in front of above far from2.地点：pet hospital post office cinema science museum crossing school factory zoo park bank bookstore区别library police station Palace Museum on the left/right 3.重点句型：Excuse me. Where is the museum shop?-Its near the door. Its over there.Where is the post office?-Its next to the museum. Where is the cinema?-Its next to the bookstore.Where is the restaurant?-Its next to the park on Dongfang Street.How can we get there?-Go straight first. Then turn left/right at the hospital.How can I get to the cinema?-You can go there by the No.901 bus.How can he get there from the post office?-First, go straight. Then turn right at the cinema. After that,有（存在）There is a/an +单数名词或不可数名词 There are +复数名词有吗？Is there a/an-Yes, there is./ No, there isnt. Are there any +名词复数-Yes, there are./No, there arent.4.感叹句：What a/an 形容词+名词！ What a great museum! What an interesting film!5.其它重点句型：Follow me, please. I dont know. I want to send it today. I want to buy a postcard. She wants to work in an office.The new GPS works.起作用 He works in a hospital. 工作We are in front of the cinema. We are behind the hospital. The bookstore is next to the post office. My home is between the park and the bank.There is a hospital next to the cinema.六年级上册第二单元重点：1.交通方式：by bus, by train, by subway, by ship, by plane, by bike, by taxi, by car, on foot=walk走路, by sled, by ferry2.重点句型How do you come to school? - Sometimes, I come by car. But I often come by subway.How do you go to school?- I often go to school by bike. 交通方式放在句子的末尾How do you get/go there?By bus. go to=get to, 在there、here、home前省略toHow do you get to the USA from China?By plane. 从中国去美国你怎么去？How does WuYifan go to the park?- He usually goes by bus.How does the girls father go to work?-He often goes to work by subway.How can I get to the Fuxing Hospital?-Take the No.57bus over there.=You can go by the No.57 bus.Usually I walk to school.= Usually, I go to school on foot. I must pay attention to the traffic lights.In the USA people on bikes must wear a helmet.You must slowdown and stop at a yellow light.You must stop and wait at a red light. = Dont go at the red light.You must go at a green light. =Dont stop at the green light. You must wear a life jacket by ferry. 救生衣In Alaska, USA, some kids go to school by sled. 地点由小到大排列Some children go to school on foot in Munich, Germany. kids=childrenGrandpa, let me read this for you.Thats good exercise. Thats nice. Thats interesting.六年级上册第三单元重点：将来时态的运用be going to=will=want to1. 未来时间： this morning, this afternoon, this evening, tonight, this weekend, tomorrow next weekend next week next Sunday 2. to后面可以用的活动：see a film, take a trip go to the supermarket/cinema/hospital visit grandparents wash clothes draw pictures make a snowman go for a picnic go boating, go hiking, go skating, go swimming= swim, climb mountains, watch TV, fly kites 3. dictionary，comic book, word book, postcard 4. 重点疑问句型:注意What going to do/ buy/ be? 未来时间直接加在活动后面，未来时间前面不能加介词on或inWhat are you going to do tomorrow?-Im going to have an art lesson tomorrow.What are you going to do in your lesson?-Were going to draw some pictures in Renmin Park.What are you going to buy, Sarah?-Im going to buy some word books.What are they going to do this morning?-They are going to visit grandparents this morning.What is Mike going to do this weekend?-He is going to buy his favourite comic book.What are John and Jack going to do next week?-They are going to see a film about space travel.What am I going to do next Sunday?-You are going to read stories.What are you going to be?-I am going to be a scientist.Where are we going tonight?-To the bookstore. Im going to buy a new comic book.Where are you going?-Were going to the cinema. When are you going?-Next Wednesday. Who are you going with tomorrow?-With my mother.Can I help you?-Yes. I wantDo you have comic books?Yes! Here they are.它们在这4.其它重点句型：I have to do my homework now. 现在我不得不做作业了，to后接动词原形Its half price then!那时是半价。I have lots of comic books. lots of=a lot of许多Why not go on Tuesday? 为什么不在周二去呢？ Why not后接动词原形My cousin Jack is going to visit me next week.My family is/are going to get together and have a big dinnerMy aunt is going to make mooncakes. Robin and I are going to read a poem.Will将会，后接动词原形My grandma will tell us a story about Change. 奶奶将会给我们讲关于嫦娥的故事 tell story, tell stories 讲故事We will all be together tonight. 今晚我们会聚在一起 be together = get together.聚会，聚集His family will get together. 他的一家会聚在一起Shell be here today. 她今天会来这里I am going to teach him the Chinese songJasmine Flower！我打算教他中国歌曲“茉莉花”。I want to be a businessman.我想要成为一位商人。了解：In the UK and Australia people drive on the left side. 在英国和澳大利亚你在左边开车。In China and America people drive on the right side. 在中国和美国人们在右边开车。六年级上册第四单元重点：like+动ing、 动词的第三人称单数形式1. like/likes 后的动词：末尾双写: swimming, running 末尾去e：write-writing ,dance-dancing, use-using 直接加ing：singing English songs, doing word puzzles, doing kung fu, climbing mountains , listening to music, drawing cartoons, watching TV, flying kites, playing sports, reading stories, playing football/basketball/baseball/ ping-pong, playing the erhu/violin/ piano/pipa2.关于爱好的句型：复数的爱好What are your hobbies?I like dancing and singing. =My hobbies are dancing and singing.What are Peters hobbies?-He likes doing kung fu and swimming.= His hobbies areWhat are your sisters hobbies?-She likes doing word puzzles and drawing cartoons.=Her hobbies are单数的爱好Whats your hobby?-I like reading stories. =My hobby is reading stories.What is Miss Whites hobby?-She likes dancingDoes he live in China?- Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. He lives in Australia. Does he live in Sydney?-No, he doesnt. He lives in Canberra. 用Does提问时，句子里的动词用原形Does he like doing word puzzles and going hiking?-Yes, he does.Does Oliver do word puzzles every day?-Yes , he does. He does word puzzles every day.I also like doing kung fu.=I like doing kung fu, too. 我也喜欢练功夫Can I also be his friend?-Sure. Why not? 用Can提问时，句子里的动词am变回原形beWhat are you doing?-I am writing an email to my new pen pal in Australia. 正在做3.about的用法关于：learn about robots学习关于机器人的，talk about chocolates 谈论关于巧克力的，a story about change, a film about space travel What this cartoon about?Its about a cat.大约 about 3 oclock4.重点：动词第三人称单数形式的用法：y改成ies： study Chinese-studies Chinese, fly kites-flies kites 加es：teach-teaches， watch TV-watches TV，do homework-does homework, does word puzzles, wash clothes- washes clothes, go to school-goes to school goes hiking 直接加s：likes , lives ，cooks Chinese food, reads stories, wants to，stays healthy have-has动词的第三人称单数形式常用于一般现在时态，表示这个动作发生的频率，句子中常常有usually，often，sometimes， everyday，或者这个动词本身有隐含着一定的频率，比如：live居住，teach教，study学习, want to想要stay保持。在一般现在时态里的第一人称的用法和第三人称的用法就像转述句子一样。举例说明：Amy: I usually go to school on foot. Amy usually goes to school on foot.I often read books and do homework on the weekend.He often reads books and does homework on the weekend.Sometimes I go hiking.-Sometimes he goes hiking.I teach English in a school.Miss White teaches English in a school.I live in Australia, but I study Chinese.-John lives in Australia, but he studies Chinese.He works very hard and stays healthy. 他工作勤奋并保持健康He has a very healthy life.他有一个健康的生活He studies very hard and he wants to work in a university.他学习很勤奋并且他想在大学工作。Sarah wants to work in an office. Robin wants to be a scientist.Sarah likes using computers.The cat chases the mice.六年级上册第五单元重点：1. 职业： businessman-businesswoman, fisherman- fisherwoman , policeman -policewoman, postman, milkman, scientist, pilot, coach, doctor, nurse cleaner, singer, factory worker, football player, police officer, taxi driver, writer, 2. 重点句型：What does your father do?-Hes a businessman. What is your fathers job?工作Hes a teacher.What does your mother do?-Shes a head teacher.What does he do?-Hes a pilot.What does Jiao Jies mother do?-Shes a factory worker.Where does he work?-He works at sea./ He works at a university.Where does your father work?He works in a gym. Hes a coach.Where does Guo Weis uncle work?-He works on a plane. Hes a pilot./ He works on a boat. Hes a fisherman.Where does Ann work?-She works in a science club. She is a scientist.How does he go to work?-He goes to work by bike.How does your aunt go to work?-She goes to work by subway.How does Mike go to school?-He goes to school by bike.How does Dad feel?-Hes not well./ He feels sad.When does he go to work?-He goes to work at 6:00.Do you want to be a secretary?-No, I dont. I want to be a pilot. 转述：He wants to be a pilot.want/wants to be a 想成为一位 you can be a 可以成为一位 good at擅长六年级上册第六单元重点：1. 情绪状态的词：angry，worried, afraid, sad, happy, bad糟糕 sorry歉意身体感觉：hungry，ill, warm, cold, bad, tired疲劳Sarah is angry. I am happy. They are afraid. My parents are worried. Sarah and Tom are sad. Everyone is happy.2. 对.生气：be angry with+宾格人称代词I am angry with him. She is angry with them. They are angry with her. My parents are angry with me.3. 对.害怕：be afraid of+宾格人称代词或名词John is afraid of him. The mice are afraid of the cat. I am afraid of water.4. 不要Dont be angry. Dont be worried. Dont be sad.5. should后用动词原形If I am ill, I should see a doctor. If he is angry, he should take a deep breath and count to ten.If I feel cold, I should wear more clothes.If you are weak, you should do more exercise.If she is hungry, she should eat some food.What should I do?-You should wear more clothes.6.怎么了？什么不对劲？Whats wrong?-Your father is ill./ I am ill.7. 总有一天One day I can help you. I will be a teacher one day.8了解when的用法：除了用作疑问词什么时候？还解释为“当的时候”：Robin is going to sit on the grass when he hears,wait.I pay attention to the cars when I cross the street.He is stuck in the mud. 陷进They pull Robin out of the mud.拉出Its the ant and all of his friends.所有的六年级下册第一单元复习1. 形容词的比较级有四种情况：末尾双写加er：thin-thinner，big-bigger，hot-hotter，fat-fatter，sad-sadder，把末尾y改成i加er：heavy-heavier，happy-happier，funny-funnier末尾是e的加r: nice-nicer 直接加er：young-younger, old-older, tall-taller, short-shorter, long- longer, small-smaller, strong-stronger特殊的：good/well-better-best 2.单位：metre米，kilogram千克 cm厘米km千米A是更比B人物的比较:I am older than my brother. I am taller than him/her. I am shorter than you. You are older and smarter than me.He is younger than me. Your father is stronger than your mother. We are stronger than his brother.物体的比较：My feet are bigger than yours. Your hands are smaller than mine. The black cat is older than the white dog.Johns fish is shorter than Mikes. My brothers bag is heavier than my sisters. 人称代词、物主代词主格Ihesheit theywe宾格mehimheritthemus形容词性所有格myhisheritstheirour名词性所有格minehishersitstheirsours主格用于动词前，宾格用于动词后；形容词性所有格后接名词，名词性所有格当名词使用，后面不接名词， 表示某人的东西。如：It is my book. The book is mine.2.重点句型：How tall are you?Im 1.65 metres. How tall is your brother?Hes 1.63 metres.How tall is it?-Maybe 4metres. How heavy are you?Im 38kilograms. How heavy is Amy?Shes 42 kilograms. How heavy is it?Its five tons.How old are you?I am 13 years old. How old is your grandpa?Hes 67 years old. How long is your dress?Its 1.2 metres. How long is the pencil?Its 20cm.Its taller than both of us together. 它比我们两个的总和都高。Its taller than both of us.它比我们两个都高。There are more dinosaurs over there! 有更多的恐龙在那边！Thats the tallest dinosaur in this hall. I am the youngest in my family. 最+estWhat size are your shoes?I wear size 38 shoes. My shoes are size 38.They are all so big and tall. You look taller than me. I think you are heavier. The sun is getting lower and lower. 太阳正变得越来越低The shadow is getting longer and longer.影子正变得越来越长。六年级下册第二、三单元动词过去时特殊形式：is/amwas, arewere, have/hashad a cold, dodid homework, sleepslept，seesaw, eatate, buybought gifts, gowent camping/ went swimming/ went fishing, riderode a horse/ rode a bike, taketook pictures, drinkdrank tea, getgot up, sit-sat, make-made， readread a book/ books , hurthurt foot/feet, 动词+ed : stay-stayed at home, play-played football, cleancleaned the room, watch-watched TV, wash-washed clothes, want-wanted to, like-liked 动词+ed :特殊crycried, studystudied, stopstopped 停止, planplanned计划过去时间:yesterday, the day before yesterday, last weekend, last night, last Monday/Tuesday/ Wednesday/Thursday/Friday/Saturday/ Sunday, last week, last year, 重点句型： Did和didnt 后的动词用原形。Was it interesting?-Yes, it was./ No, it wasnt.Did he have a cold?-Yes, he did. He had a cold. / No, he didnt. He didnt have a cold.Did you like it?- Yes, I did./ No, I didnt. I didnt like it. Did you see a film?No, I didnt see a film./ Yes, I did. I saw an interesting film. Did Amy clean her room?- Yes, she did. She cleaned her room. / No, she didnt clean her room. Did you do your homework?-Yes, I did. I did my homework. Did you do anything else?Yes, I washed my clothes and cleaned my room.How was your weekend?It was fine, thanks. / It was OK. / It was a busy one.是忙碌的一个周末。 How was your summer holiday?It was great. How was the beach? It was nice. What did you do last weekend?-I stayed at home all weekend . I cleaned my room and washed my clothes.What did John do yesterday?-He watched TV and drank tea. He read a book.What did you do on Saturday morning?I washed my schoolbag. Then I went to the park.What did you do on Sunday afternoon?I did my homework. Then I went fishing.What did you do there?I rode a bike./ I rode a horse.What did you do there?I took lots of pictures, and I also went swimming.What happened?I fell off my bike last Saturday and hurt my foot.Where did you go?I we