北京市2019年高考英语压轴卷含解析.doc

北京市2019年高考英语压轴卷（含解析）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节 单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，共 15 分）从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：Its so nice to hear from her again. _, we last met more than thirty years ago.A. Whats more B. Thats to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D1The researches of this kind in both the U.K. and the continental Europe well before the First World War.Ahave conducted Bhave been conductedChad conducted Dhad been conducted2 the famous actress offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.AWhich BWhat CThat DWhom3Trump in the library every night over the last three months.Aworks Bworked Chave been workingDhad been working4I dont really like Tom. Why did you invite him?Dont worry. He e. He said he wasnt certain what his plans were.Amust notBneed notCwould not Dmight not5Its important for the figures regularly.Ato be updatedBto have been updatedCto update Dto have updated6. The old bank, _ appearance is not a pretty sight, is extremely magnificent inside. A. whose B. where C. when D. why7. The famous athlete tried again and again after each failure. Thats _ he succeeded in the end. A. what B. when C. whether D. why8. Usually Beijing Roast Duck _ together with special pancakes, green onions and sweet sauce. A. was served B. will serve C. is served D. serve9. _ gas price is going up, people are looking for less expensive ways to get around. A. Now that B. Even if C. Although D. Unless10. Passengers _ talk to the driver while the bus is moving, because it will take his focus off the road. A. would not B. must not C. may not D. need not11. When we saw the road with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home. A. blockB. to blockC. blockingD. blocked12. I took my driving license with me on holiday, _ I wanted to hire a car.A. in caseB. even ifC. ever sinceD. if only13. - So what is the procedure?- All the applicants before a final decision is made by the authority. A. interviewB. are interviewingC. are interviewedD. are being interviewed14. Experts believe people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. A. why B. where C. that D. what15. If we a table earlier, we couldnt be standing here in a queue.A. have bookedB. bookedC. bookD. had booked第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The Brave Action13-year-old Madison was studying at home when her mother burst inShe said a boy had fallen into a septic tank(化粪池)and made an urgent 16 for Madisons helpThey ran to a neighbors yard，where the 17 adults surrounded the septic tank opening 18 wider than a basketballThe boy，aged only 2，had slipped in and was 19 Madison quickly 20 the situationShe was the only one who could 21 through the small openingWithout 22 ，she got close to the opening and said，“ 23 me in”Some people held her waist and 24 She wiggled(扭动)arms and shoulders until she 25 the openingInside，the tank was dark and the air smellyWhen she stuck her arms into the dirty water，she jammed her left wrist against a hidden stick， 26 it severely 27 tend to her injury，Madison scanned the surface of the dirty water，hoping to 28 the underwater boySuddenly she saw his little toes stick outWhen spotting the vague 29 of his foot again，Madison shot out her 30 hand，grasped the foot tightly and shouted， “Pull me up!”As they nearly reached the surface，the boys other foot got stuckShe wiggled his foot until it was 31 Eventually they were lifted out 32 ，the kid wasnt out of troubleHaving suffered from lack of 33 that long，he wasnt breathingHe was then given hard hits on the back until he coughed up waterAt the sight of this，Madison sighed with 34 Madison received months of treatment for her wrist，which made her 35 actions more impressive16Aappointment Battempt Cchoice Drequest17Aanxious Bcurious Cannoyed Dmerciful18Apartly Bpreviously Cslightly Ddramatically19Afloating Bweeping Ctrembling Ddrowning20Acontrolled Bexamined Ctook part in Dgave up21Alook Bjump Cfill Dfit22Atime BpermissionChesitation Djudgment23AThrow BLower CForce DPush24Alegs Barms Chead Dhands25Aadjusted to Bgot throughCtore down Dheld on to26Atouching Btrapping Cinjuring Dstriking27AIn an effort to BRather thanCLikely to DReady to28Afeel Bsmell Cfollow Dattract29Askin Bgesture Cpicture Doutline30Aleft Bsingle Cgood Dclumsy 31Afrozen Bfree Cflexible Dbare32AHowever BInstead CTherefore DPersonally33Aprotection Boxygen Cgravity Denergy34Aflight Bcold Crelief Drespect35Aunselfish BthoughtlessCunconscious Drandom第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）第一节（共 15 小题：每小题 2 分，共 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ARecently the sewer line(污水管道)under our house didnt workMy first response was to call a repairmanI made the call，expecting the man at the other end of the line to plain about such an awful jobInstead，he simply asked，“The address?”An hour later Steve arrived in his truckHe looked exactly as I had imagined he might：broad and bearlike，in well worn clothing“Can you fix it?” I asked with a mixture of doubt and hopeSteve looked at me as if responding to my lack of faithWith a cheerful shrug that suggested my crisis was all in a days work for him，he said，“Sure”After a short while，Steve told me that he had to get a tool and tear up the street to the main sewer lineHe would first have to get permission from the town. I registered appropriate panic“How long will all this take?” Again，a shrug. “I should have it done by evening”I did not want to watch the digging of my property unfold and went into town to visit some friendsI felt somewhat guilty upon driving off in my clean vehicle，leaving Steve to such a disagreeable taskFinally，when I went home，a sweeter sight I never saw：a period of newly paved street and all was tidy and relatively dryI need to say，in my own defense，that I am not a weak father of two children. Ive traveled all over the world，served in the United States Navy and earned a PhDBut the broken sewer line was my limitThen I thought about Steve. Big，rough，and how people might judge him，if not for his appearance then for his workAnd I was taken by the very idea that，no matter what crisis occurs，there is somebody somewhere，who has the appropriate tools and settles it36What do we know about Steve?AHe wears neat and new clothesBHe is quite confident of his skillsCHe always plains about his jobDHe hesitates to accept the repair work37What did Steve think of the authors crisis?AIts a great challengeBIts beyond his abilityCIts a part of his routine DIts none of his business38Why did the author leave home during the repairs? AHe liked to take his time riding outsideBHe drove to turn to his friends for helpCHe was afraid of being looked down uponDHe was unwilling to face the embarrassing situation39What can be inferred from the text?AAction speaks louder than wordsBGod helps those who help themselvesCEvery profession produces its top expertsDHope for the best，but prepare for the worstBFor years going home for the holidays has been bittersweet. I appreciate the opportunity to spend quality time with my mom but it is painful for me to see her house littered with stuff(物品)Clothes bought but never worn，and new items in their original packaging carelessly purchased and never usedIts evident that seeing the stuff on a daily basis reminds my mom of a time when shopping was her way of spending money I didnt fully understand the extent to which my mom was suffering until this week，when I saw piles of clothes on her bed“How do you manage to sleep every night with all that stuff，Mom?” I askedTo my horror，she replied “I do it because I know I have to get rid of all this stuff eventually；I am punishing myself by sleeping with them until I dothat” Shocked and upset，I gently explained to her that punishing herself was only to make things worse，and that everybody deserves a place to sleep in peace，no matter what mistakes theyve madeI suggested she move all the stuff upstairs，leaving her room fortable to sleep in With patience and her slow but steady guidance，I helped her go through some of the piles and move them upstairsFor the rest of the week I stayed there，she was in a better mood and was excited about going through the rest of the house to finally get rid of her stuffpast mistakes and painful timesThe items brought back painful memories as we inspected and moved them，but I kept reminding her that removing them would allow her to move on and healWe finally sold so many things and took bag after bag to charity The stuff is just a sign of the destructive patterns of self-hatred on past mistakesOnly through the act of self-forgiveness can we bring about a chain reaction of reorganizingboth of the house and heart40What made the author feel bitter?AShe couldnt understand her moms sorrowsBHer mom was stuck in the painful memoriesCHer mom was always left alone at homeDHer mom wasted money on useless things41The underlined word “that” in the second paragraph refers to_Agetting rid of the stuff Bbuying the stuffCopening the stuff Dmoving the stuff42We can infer from the passage that_Athe author never bought her mom anything Bthe authors mom has no money to purchase now Cthe authors mom regrets buying so many thingsDthe author knows her moms suffering only this week 43Whats the best title of the passage? AHow to do shopping wisely? BThe importance of self-forgivenessCKeep an eye on the elderlys behavior DClearance helps remove sufferingC Dogs and humans have been living side-by-side for about 15，000 years，but there are tons of facts about dogs that perhaps we have never heard of Night vision Dogs have good night visionTheir large pupils let more light in and the rods (视杆细胞)work better in poor lightBut the biggest factor is the tapetum(反光组织)，which reflects light at the back of the eyeBesides，dogs whiskers(胡须)also help them “see” in the dark because they pick up on very small changes in air，providing dogs with information about the size，shape，and speed of things nearby Secret tail code Dogs can use their tails to municateThey wag their tails to the right when they are relaxed or happy，and to the left when nervous or threatenedWhen theyre aggressive，the tails will stick straight up in the airA broad wag is friendly while a slow wag is neutral，neither excited nor anxious Dreams We often see a dogs body making sudden movements in its sleepDogs have the same brain wave patterns as humans while they are asleep，so they dream just like we do Super nose Dogs can find their way home despite long distancesTheir noses are a vital part of their incredible sense of directionThe part of a dogs brain that control smell is 40 times larger than humansTheyre able to follow smells for milesFurthermore，dogs have an amazing ability to recognize the smells given off by the abnormal cells in human bodies，including cancerThis is something scientists are eager to explore furtherAnd interestingly，a dogs “fingerprint” is on its noseThe patterns on dogs noses are so distinct that they can actually be used to identify the animals A sixth sense Dogs act strangely before something bad，like a storm or earthquake，happens，for they are sensitive to low frequencies that humans cant senseSo dont let their strange behavior go unnoticed next timeIt could save your life44Which of the following indirectly helps dogs see well in the dark?ATheir rods BTheir tapetum CTheir whiskers DTheir pupils45If a dog holds up the tail，it indicates_ Ahappiness Battack Cfriendliness Drelaxation46What hasnt been discovered about a dog?AWhy it can sense natural disasters BWhy it has an acute sense of smellCWhat emotions it shows with its tailDHow it can smell humans illnesses 47In what way are dogs like humans?AThey dream when they sleep BThey have good night visionCThey have distinct nose patternsDThey can react to low frequenciesD A Japanese pany is developing a pair of smart glasses that can help those with visual or prehension problems to read written text more easilyCalled the Oton Glass，the glasses are meant to translate text in to sound using two cameras and an earpiece，both fitted to its frame Half of the lens(镜片)is a mirror that reflects the wearers eyes back to the first camera，which tracks eye movementThe other camera captures the textWearers use the glasses by staring at the text they cant read and blinking(眨眼)to trigger the glassesThen the captured words are sent to a cloud system，which processes the text and turns it into sound played through the earpieceIf the system is unable to identify the words，the images are sent to a remote worker who can deal with themThe Oton Glass lead designer，Keisuke Shimakage，started working on the glasses in 2012 to aid his father，who had developed dyslexia，a condition that makes it difficult for someone to read and spellWhile his father eventually recovered，Shimakage continued his development in order to help others with the disorderCurrently，the Oton Glass is seeking fundingBackers can get a pair of the glasses for 5,000 yen(roughly $ 47)Smart glasses arent a new concept，but its difficult to point to any single pair of smart glasses that people have reviewed favorablyIt could，perhaps，be that previous products tried to do too much，or were too expensiveThats why Intels Vaunt smart glasses stripped out some features，like its camera，LCD screen，and speakersThe Oton Glass is for a very specific audience，and its relatively low price could make it more appealing to those who want an affordable way to understand the text around them 48What is the right order how the Oton Glass works?aThe camera captures the words bThe wearer stares at the textcThe wearer hears the sound via the earpiecedThe cloud system turns the text into soundeThe wearer blinks to get the glasses workingAa，b，e，c，d Be，b，c，d，a Cb，d，a，e，c Db，e，a，d，c49The underlined part “stripped out” in the last paragraph can be replaced by_Aimproved Bremoved Cincreased Dinvented50What is the last paragraph mainly about?AThe advantages of the Oton GlassBThe characteristics of smart glassesCConsumers evaluation of the Oton Glass DThe target audiences of various smart glasses 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Practical Ways to Show Respect for a Friend Show respect for their life choices and decisions Accept that people arent always going to be just like youThey will make different life choices，have different views on politics and religion，and act differently in many waysThis doesnt mean they cant be your friend 51 Give them the benefit of the doubt 52 If youre in doubt about something，ask your friendBe respectful and give them the benefit of the doubt when you dont do. This alone will help you stay in their good graces(好感) Give friends your full attentionOne of the best ways to show respect for someone is to listen to them fullyAllow them to pause，convey nonverbal munication clues，collect their thoughts，and get it all outToo often friends listen with half an ear or jump in the minute their friend pauses with an even worse story 53 When your friend is talking，pay attention 54 Treat your friends respectfully when you argue with themMake your friendship a safe place by not embarrassing your friend or expressing your private disagreements in front of other peopleBe publicly supportive and kind to your friends so they know you value your friendship with them Show up，be there，and do what you say youre going to do 55 So just show your friend the best kind of respect by being on time，keeping promises，and being the one friend they can always count onThats the way to truly show respect AAssumptions can be a dangerous thing BConsider your friendship a precious gift CThis type of behavior is very disrespectful DTell your friends what you think about them directly EIn fact，you can almost do nothing but accept the differences FIt means that youll need to take a step back，reserve judgment，and show respect GNo one likes an unreliable friend who says theyll be there and then doesnt show第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节（15分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你写信建议你的美国朋友George参加中国日报（China Daily）专门为外国人举办的2018“最美中国”（Amazing China）手机摄影大赛。信的内容包括：1. 作品内容要求；2. 提交时间和方式3. 表示愿意提供帮助注意：1. 词数不少于 50；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear George,_Yours,Li Hua第二节（20分）请根据下面提示，写一篇短文，词数不少于50.In your spoken English class, your teacher shows you the following picture. You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it.（请务必将开放作文写在答题卡指定区域内）参考答案单项填空：1. D 本题考查时态和语态，根据时间状语well before the First World War提示，conduct动作是发生在过去的过去，所以应该用过去完成时，又research是被实施，因此需用被动语态。2. B 本题考查主语从句，offer后缺宾语，因此选择what3. C 本题考查时态，根据时间状语over the last three months来判断，因此需用现在完成进行时。4. D 情态动词的考查，根据语义，他可能不来5. A 考查非谓语动词 figures（数据）是将要被更新6. A 考查定语从句，它的外表，缺定语7. D 考查表语从句，根据语义，这就是他为什么最终成功了。8. C 考查时态和语态 根据时间状语usually, 用一般现在时，烤鸭与serve之间是被动关系9. A 考查状语从句连词 从语义上看，因为油价提高了，所以选择now that“既然，由于”10. B 情态动词的考查 从语义上判断，乘客一定不要跟司机交谈，表示强烈否定11. D 考查基本结构，see sth. done 看到路被雪封了12. A 考查状语从句连接词，万一我需要租车，因此选in case“以防；万一”13. C 对面试流程进行描述，所以用一般现在时，申请人是被面试14. C 考查名词性从句，根据语义，不缺成分，因此选that引导从句即可15. D 考查混合虚拟语气，“如果我们早一些订桌”， 是对过去情况的虚拟，因此需要用had done完形填空DACDB DCBAB CBADC BABCA难点讲解：16. made an urgent request for 紧急需要18. 比一个篮球稍微大一点19. 从后文看，Madison是搜索之后发现了他，因此他是溺水的状态21. fit through 适合挤过开口26. 顺承结果状语，it指left wrist，把左手腕伤的很重27. 语义是：不是去照看自己的伤势，因此用rather than，而不是29. 发现他的脚的轮廓30. 左手已经受伤了，因此用那只没有受伤的手33. lack of oxygen因为缺氧34. 看到小男孩脱险了，因此宽慰地舒了一口气。阅读理解：36-39 BCDC36. 从第二段With a cheerful shrug that suggested my crisis was all in a days work for him, he said, “Sure.”37. 通过第二段，第三段阅读可以得出，作者的危机在他眼里，只是日常工作的一部分38. 通过第四段，I did not want to watch the digging of my property unfold可以得出答案39. 该选项可以翻译成：行行出状元。40-43 BACD40. 通过第二段，作者和母亲之间的对话，可以得出母亲活在痛苦的回忆中，不能自拔。42. 通过第二段：I am punishing myself by sleeping with them until I do that.得出作者母亲非常悔恨自己的行为。43. 题目的意思清理这些买过的东西消除了母亲的痛苦。44-47 CBDA44.本题注意审题，是间接帮助狗视力的原因45. 从Secret tail code可以轻松得出答案46. 倒数第二段，This is something scientists are eager to explore further.可以得出答案47. 从Dream这个话题可以得出答案。48-50 DBA48. 通过第二段逐一阅读，可以得到：佩戴者首先看文本；然后眨眼睛使眼镜开始工作；相机捕捉单词；云系统把它转换成声音；佩戴者通过耳机听到自己看到的内容49. 根据文本，这款新的眼镜价格便宜，成本降低，肯定是减掉了原来类似设备的一些特色七选五：51-55 FACBG 51. 前文讲解的是要接受朋友不同的见解，因此F是对前文的一个总结。52. 如果你有疑问一定