天津专用2019高考英语二轮增分策略专题三阅读理解第二节分类突破九词句猜测-代词指代题课件.ppt

九 词句猜测 代词指代题 专题三第二节分类突破 真题感悟 名师点津 内容索引 随堂限时练 真题感悟 2017 全国 B IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968 whenGeorgeRoyHill thedirectorofButchCassidyandtheSundanceKid introducedusinNewYorkCity Whenthestudiodidn twantmeforthefilm itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul hestoodupforme Idon tknowhowmanypeoplewouldhavedonethat theywouldhavelistenedtotheiragentsorthestudiopowers ThefriendshipthatgrewoutoftheexperienceofmakingthatfilmandTheStingfouryearslaterhaditsrootinthefactthatalthoughtherewasanagedifference webothcamefromatraditionoftheaterandliveTV Wewererespectfulofcraft 技艺 andfocusedondiggingintothecharactersweweregoingtoplay BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors humorous aggressive andmakingfunofeachother butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection Thosewerealsoatthecore 核心 ofourrelationshipoffthescreen 语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文 文章主要讲述了作者和一位著名演员保罗 纽曼之间的友谊 Wesharedthebeliefthatifyou refortunateenoughtohavesuccess youshouldputsomethingback hewithhisNewman sOwnfoodandhisHoleintheWallcampsforkidswhoareseriouslyill andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthefestival PaulandIdidn tseeeachotherallthatregularly butsharingthatbroughtustogether Wesupportedeachotherfinanciallyandbyshowingupatevents Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago He dbeeninandoutofthehospital HeandIbothknewwhatthedealwas andwedidn ttalkaboutit Ourswasarelationshipthatdidn tneedalotofwords 语篇解读 24 Whywasthestudiounwillingtogivetheroletotheauthoratfirst A PaulNewmanwantedit B Thestudiopowersdidn tlikehisagent C Hewasn tfamousenough D Thedirectorremendedsomeoneelse 解析细节理解题 根据第一段中的 Whenthestudiodidn twantmeforthefilm itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul hestoodupforme 可知 电影公司想要像保罗那样出名的人 由此可以判断 作者不够出名 故选C项 答案 解析 25 WhydidPaulandtheauthorhavealastingfriendship A Theywereofthesameage B Theyworkedinthesametheater C Theywerebothgoodactors D Theyhadsimilarcharacteristics 解析推理判断题 根据第二段中的 BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors humorous aggressive andmakingfunofeachother butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection Thosewerealsoatthecore 核心 ofourrelationshipoffthescreen 可知 作者与保罗在荧幕前和荧幕后都很幽默 有进取心 并互开对方的玩笑 即他们两人有相似的性格 故选D项 答案 解析 26 Whatdoestheunderlinedword that inParagraph3referto A Theirbelief B Theircareforchildren C Theirsuccess D Theirsupportforeachother 解析代词指代题 根据第三段第一句 Wesharedthebeliefthat 以及下面对belief的具体解释可知 画线处是指共同拥有这种 信念 使他们两人连在一起 故选A项 答案 解析 27 Whatistheauthor spurposeinwritingthetext A Toshowhisloveoffilms B Torememberafriend C Tointroduceanewmovie D Tosharehisactingexperience 解析写作意图题 本文是按照时间顺序写的 从作者与保罗的最初相见 到友谊慢慢加深 以及几个月前去看望生病的保罗 由此可知作者写此文的目的是回忆一位朋友 故选B项 答案 解析 名师点津 一 题型解读代词指代题常出现在人物或事物变换多 动作转换频繁的语境中 考生应根据语境判断人称代词 不定代词和指示代词 有时也会考查定语从句中关系代词的指代内容 设问形式常有 1 Whatdoestheunderlinedword this it them which referto 2 Theunderlinedpart it that they which inParagraph refersto 二 解题技巧 就近原则 判指代第一步 明确代词所指代内容的位置代词永远出现在原词之后 故代词所指代的内容在这一句的前面一句中 或者前几句中 第二步 熟悉代词的含义 1 it this that可指代一件事 2 it he them they one those指上文提到的人或物 3 which that who等关系代词指代其所修饰的先行词 非限制性定语从句中which可指代前面整句话的内容 第三步 替换核实再比较 1 用所找的指代内容替换画线代词 核实句意是否合理 前后内容是否一致 2 比较所代部分与选项 确定意思最接近的选项 例如 真题感悟 中第26题 sharingthat与前面的sharedthebelief呼应 由此可推知 拥有同样的信念使两人成了朋友 thebelief替换that后 经核实意义正确 故选A项 随堂限时练 A 2018 和平区三模 Holidaysarereallyimportant Manyofuswillhavechildhoodmemoriesofsummerholidayswhereweweretakenawayfromhometoexperiencenewenvironmentsandlearnindifferentways Butholidaysareexpensiveand forthoseonlowwagesorlivingonbenefits theyareoftenunobtainable Eventhecheapestholidaysrequiretravelandotheradditionalcoststhataredifficultformanyfamiliestomeet Forworkingparents thelongsummerbreakcanbeaverydifficultproblemforchildcare Whenanannualleaveallowanceamountstoonlyfiveweeks thereisaneedtospreadthisacrosstheyear Couplescanfindthemselvestakingleaveinturninordertocareforchildrenwhoareonholiday Forsome thismakesevenanaffordablefamilyholidaydifficult TheschoolsthatIvisitinNottinghamarefullofexperiencedstaffmittedtogivingourchildrenacaringandinspiringlearningenvironment ThenumberofchildrenreceivingfreeschoolmealsisquitelargeinNottinghamandmanyschoolshavebreakfastclubstomakesurethatchildrengetahealthystarttotheday Mostschoolsundertakeprogramsofgrouporindividualeducationalsupport Schoolsalsohaveanimportantroleinsafeguardingchildren swelfarethroughtheongoingtouchandsupportwiththeirpupils Duringthelongsummerholidays muchofthisismissed WhileteachersareholidayingintheUK manyoftheirpupilsspendthewholesixweeksonthestreetwheretheylive Thelackoffreeschoolmealsforsixweekscanresultinpressureonafamilybudgetandaninabilitytoaffordtheinspiringexperiencesthathelpchildrentocontinuetheirlearning Insettingoutitsplansforafive termyear NottinghamCityCouncil 委员会 isseekingtoreducethesummerholidaydowntofourandahalfweeks withamorebalancedfivetermsofroughlyeightweeks eachfollowedbyatwo weekbreak Webelievethiswillgivereal downtime forschoolstaffandpupilsalikebutwillbeshortenoughnottocausearealbreakinlearning Weacknowledgethatthischangemaybedifficultforsomeschoolstaff particularlywhoseownchildrenareeducatedinotherauthorities However thismustbeweighedagainstthebenefitsforcitychildrenforwhomweallhavethegreatestdutyofcare 1 Thepassageisprobablywrittenby A anexperiencedteacherB aworkingparentC aninspiredstudentD acitycouncilmember 解析推理判断题 从文章倒数第二段 NottinghamCityCouncil 委员会 isseekingtoreducethesummerholidaydowntofourandahalfweeks withamorebalancedfivetermsofroughlyeightweeks 和 Webelievethiswillgivereal downtime forschoolstaffandpupilsalikebutwillbeshortenoughnottocausearealbreakinlearning 以及最后一段中 Weacknowledgethatthischangemaybedifficultforsomeschoolstaff 可知 说话者的口气 我们相信 我们承认 由此推知作者是城市委员会的一员 答案 解析 1 2 3 4 5 解析代词指代题 根据画线后一词unobtainable 无法得到的 词义以及前面提到的 holidaysareexpensive 假期是昂贵的 可知 代词they指代前文的holidays 意为 对于一些低收入家庭或靠救济而过活的家庭来说 假期是无法得到的 2 Theunderlinedword they inthesecondparagraphrefersto A environmentsB holidaysC wagesD benefits 答案 解析 1 2 3 4 5 解析细节理解题 根据倒数第二段第一句 NottinghamCityCouncil 委员会 isseekingtoreducethesummerholidaydowntofourandahalfweeks 可知 假期被缩短到4 5周 3 Itissuggestedinthepassagethatthesummerbreakbereducedto A 2weeksB 4 5weeksC 5weeksD 6weeks 答案 解析 1 2 3 4 5 解析细节理解题 根据第四段第一句以及倒数第二段最后一句可知 学校将致力于为学生提供一个有爱的 激励的学习环境 而这种缩短假期的方案将使教职工和学生得到一个真正的休整时间且不影响学习 也就是说 通过缩短假期可以让大家在这样一个有爱的 激励的学习环境中受益更多 4 Theplansforashortersummerholidaywillhelpstudents A obtainthecheapestholidayswithoutadditionalcostsB getachancetospendsixweeksatermwithteachersinschoolC benefitmorefromthecaringandinspiringlearningenvironmentD havemoreschooldaystoreceivefreeschoolmeals 答案 解析 1 2 3 4 5 解析推理判断题 根据最后一段第一句 Weacknowledgethatthischangemaybedifficultforsomeschoolstaff 可知 一些学校员工将会反对这个计划 5 Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat A workingparentscanenjoyafive weekbreaktocarefortheirchildrenB thesuggestedplansforafive termschoolyearcanhardlybecarriedoutC thelongsummerholidaygivesteachersandstudentsreal downtime D someschoolstaffwillsay No totheplansforashortersummerholiday 答案 解析 1 2 3 4 5 BIfyouworkhardtohaveapositiveattitude youmightbesurprisedbyhowmuchbetteryoufeelaboutyourselfandlifeingeneral Whenyouturnawayfromthenegativeandfocusonthepositive youopenyourmindtoappreciatethegoodthingsaroundyouthatmighthaveotherwisegoneunnoticed Havingapositiveattitudecanalsoreduceyourstresslevel Thelessstressyoufeel thebetteryouwillfeeloverall Soifyou vebeenfeelingtired putonahappyfaceandyoujustmightfeelbettersoon Buthowcanyouhaveapositiveattitudewhenlifeishard It smorethanjustturninglife slemonsintolemonade Havingapositiveattitudecantakesomehardwork Butit sworthit Herearesomewaysyoucandevelopandmaintainapositiveattitudeeveninthemidstoflife stroubles Apositiveattitudedoesn tmeanignoringlife stroubles Itjustmeansbeinganoptimistandlookingforthegoodinthings ratherthanbeingapessimistandconcentratingonthebadinthings Sometimesyourperspectivecanmakeallthedifferenceintheworld 语篇解读本文是一篇说明文 积极乐观的心态能够使你保持良好的精神面貌 文章介绍了保持积极乐观的意义及若干方法 其中包括寻找事情中好的一面 微笑和锻炼 Smileandlaugh Yes itcanbethatsimple Learntolovelife nomatterwhat sgoingon Smileatothersandtheywillsmilebackatyou Havefunandfindthehumorinlife Sometimeslaughterreallyisthebestmedicine Exercise Getoffthecouchandgetmoving Beingactiveandhealthycangiveyouapletelydifferentoutlookonlife Whenyoufeelbetterphysically youoftennaturallyfeelbettermentally too 语篇解读 解析指代猜测题 画线词所在句句意为 当你把注意力从消极的事情转移到积极的事情上时 你就会敞开心扉去欣赏你周围原本未注意到的美好事物 此处that引导定语从句 修饰先行词thegoodthings 6 Theunderlinedword that inParagraph1probablyrefersto A thepositivefeelingsB thegoodthingsC thesurprisingresultsD theimportanceoflife 答案 解析 6 7 8 9 10 解析细节理解题 根据第二段第一句可知 保持积极乐观的态度能控制压力水平 故选D 7 Whatprobablyhelpstokeepyourstresslevelproper A Workinghardatyourlessons B Settingupapracticalgoal C Feelingproudofyourself D Keepingyourselfpositive 答案 解析 6 7 8 9 10 8 Wecanlearnfromthethirdparagraphthat A itisimpossibletokeeppositiveB keepingpositivecostsalotofmoneyC therearetipsforkeepingyourselfpositiveD therearemanytroublesindailylife 解析推理判断题 根据第三段中的 Herearesomewaysyoucandevelopandmaintainapositiveattitudeeveninthemidstoflife stroubles 可知 有一些保持积极乐观的方法 故选C 答案 解析 6 7 8 9 10 9 Accordingtothetext youcankeeppositiveby a avoidingalltroublesb lookingforthegoodinthingsc beingfriendlytoothersd beingapessimiste dependingonmedicinef stayinghealthyA a d eB b c fC c d eD a b f 解析细节理解题 文章后三段讲述了保持积极乐观的若干方法 其中包括寻找事情中好的一面 对其他人友好和保持健康 故B项为正确答案 答案 解析 6 7 8 9 10 10 Thetextismainlytotellus A howtokeeppositiveB therightattitudetowardslifeC theimportanceofhealthD waysofdealingwithstress 解析主旨大意题 通读全文可知 本文主要讲述了如何保持积极乐观 故选A 答案 解析 6 7 8 9 10