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Module 4 Which English(一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1ancestor n祖先，前辈2bilingual adj. 双语的；会讲两种语言的_3ambiguous adj. 歧义的；含糊的4telegraph n. 电报5betray v. 对不忠6prejudice n. 偏见；歧视7rhythm n. 节奏；韵律8straightforward adj. 简单的，易懂的9unique adj. 独一无二的；独特的10concept n. 概念；观念11potential adj. 潜在的；可能的12classify v. 将分类13status n. 地位 14flavour n. 特点，特色；情调.重点单词写其形1matter v纵联1 重要，要紧；有关系2count v. 很重要；很有价值3relevant adj. 有关的；切题的4conflict n. 抵触；冲突5select v. 挑选，选择6dilemma n. 进退两难的境地；困难的抉择7superior adj. 更好的；更强的8debate n. 讨论；辩论9acquire v. 得到，获得10furthermore adv. 此外，而且11convey v. 传达，传递12withdraw v. 收回；撤销(说过的话)13reject v. 拒绝接受14overe v. 征服；战胜15splendid adj. 极好的，优秀的16candidate n. 投考者，应考人.拓展单词通其变1instantly adv.立即，马上instant adj.立刻的，马上的n.立刻，片刻2recognisable adj.能辨认的，能认出的recognise v认出；承认recognition n认可；辨认3revolution n革命revolute v参加革命revolutionary adj.革命的revolutionist 革命者；革命家4investigate v调查investigation n调查；研究 纵联25plain v抱怨；不满plaint_ n抱怨；牢骚；投诉 6convinced adj.确信的，信服的convincing adj.有说服力的；令人信服的convince vt.使确信，使信服7association n联系associate v使发生联系associated adj.有联系的8significance n意义；含义；重要性significant adj.有意义的；重要的9oppose v反对opposition n反对opposite adj.相反的；对面的 纵联310resist v反抗；抵抗resistance n反抗；抵抗resistant adj.抵抗的11approval n赞许；赞成approve v赞同，赞成；批准，认可 纵联412curiosity n好奇心curious adj.好奇的curiously adv.好奇地13initially adv.起初initial adj.起初的14tendency n趋向；倾向tend v趋向；易于；照顾15fascination n着迷，迷恋；吸引力fascinate v使着迷fascinating adj.迷人的；吸引人的纵联1.“重要”的很多matter v. 重要，要紧；有关系count v. 很有价值；很重要key adj. 关键的vital adj. 至关重要的primary adj. 主要的important adj. 重要的essential adj. 基本的；必要的fundamental adj. 必不可少的；十分重要的significant adj. 重要的纵联2.含后缀ate的动词荟萃investigate调查 accumulate积累advocate提倡；拥护 circulate传播；循环cooperate合作 accelerate加速illuminate阐明 fascinate使着迷纵联3.有几个“反对”？oppose vt.反对 object vi.反对disapprove vt.反对；不同意 disagree vi.不同意object to反对 be opposed to反对纵联4.你会“赞成”吗？approval n赞许；赞成 approve v赞许；赞成agree v同意，赞成 agreement n同意agree with同意，赞成 favour n赞同，支持单元话题英语子话题1语言知识alphabet n字母；字母表 vocabulary n词汇expression n词语，措辞 idiom n成语，习语passage n(一)段(文章) accent n口音，腔调pronunciation n发音 stress n重音proverb n格言，谚语 grammar n语法term n术语；条目 spelling n拼写；拼法子话题2语言运用loanword n外来词 usage n使用，用法dictation n听写 input v输入output v输出 recite v背诵retell v复述 preview v预习review v复习 memorize v记忆mand n& v掌握 fluent adj.流利地学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(2017全国卷阅读C)Some of the worlds most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day.UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its_(significant), and its potential as a unifying (联合) voice across cultures.用significant的正确形式填空：significance写出potential在句中的词性和含义：n.潜能2(2016北京高考阅读A)However, when something did interest me, I could bee absorbed. In high school, I became _ (curiosity) about the puter, and built my first website. Moreover, I pleted the senior course of puter Basics, plus five relevant precollege courses.用curiosity的正确形式填空：curious写出relevant在句中的含义：有关的；其常用搭配be relevant to意为：与密切相关高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1(2015全国卷书面表达)只要它有趣且有教育意义，你可以写任何有关的东西。(relevant)You_can_write_anything_relevant_so_long_as_its_interesting_and_informative.2(2014重庆高考写作)它贵不贵重不重要，真正重要的是它是否来自你的内心深处。(matter)It_doesnt_matter_whether_it_is_expensive_or_not._What_really_matters_is_whether_it_es_from_your_inner_heart.(二)课堂重点释疑1debate n讨论；辩论vi.辩论；争论记牢(1)be under debate正在讨论中 hold/have a debate about/over/on 举行一场关于的辩论(2)debate on/about/over . 就进行辩论 debate about sth. with sb. 和某人就某事辩论练通单句语法填空Whether pollution is directly linked to the disease is under debate. We are having a debate about/over/on this topic.写美翻译句子(2017北京高考书面表达)我们就往视频里放什么进行了讨论。We_debated_over/on/about_what_to_put_into_the_video.联想表示“讨论、争论”的其他词还有：discuss; discussion; argue; argument等。2convinced adj.确信的，信服的记牢(1)be convinced of/that .相信/确信(2)convince vt. 使确信，使信服convince sb.of/that . 使某人相信convince sb.to do sth. 说服某人做某事(3)convincing adj. 有说服力的；令人信服的练通单句语法填空Scientists are convinced of the positive effect of laughter on physical and mental health.Oscar convinced the manager to_look (look) in the record of advance ticket sales.I have to know what the reality is so I can be more convincing (convince) in the writing. 写美补全句子这张照片使我相信当一个好女儿比当一名“好”学生更重要。The_picture_convinces_me_that it is even more important to be a good daughter than a “good” student.联想英语中表示“对相信”的表达还有：believe; believe in; trust; have a faith in等。3oppose v反对；与对抗记牢(1)oppose (sb./sb.s ) doing sth.反对(某人)做某事(2)opposed adj.相反的；对立的；反对的be opposed to (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事(3)opposite adj.相反的；对面的；对立的n. 对立面prep. 在的对面adv. 在对面练通单句语法填空I have been consistently opposed to_feeding (feed) a baby regularly.Lilys mother remained strongly opposed (oppose) to the idea of Lilys going abroad for a further study.补全句子(2017全国卷)Many farmers opposed_the_plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.许多农民反对这个计划，因为他们担心狼会杀死他们的农场动物或宠物。用准oppose后跟表示动作的词作宾语时，后面要用动名词形式。be opposed to结构中，to是介词，其后要用动词的ing形式。写美补全句子好习惯总是通向高效率，然而坏习惯则带来相反的结果。Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while_bad_ones_bring_the_opposite.词汇过关综合训练.单词拼写1I will invite some famous professors to give lectures for our students so that we can acquire (获得) a lot of knowledge.2Toms superior (更强的；更好的) technique brought him victory.3Im in a dilemma (进退两难的境地) about this job offer.4Moreover, the candidates (应考人) should be willing to keep good relations with others.5Furthermore (此外), the school should make a rule to guide the students to use electronic devices in a proper way.6Westerners use the whole face to convey (传递) emotion while easterners use the eyes more.7The leader promised to support the plan; you cant withdraw (收回) now.8But being rejected (拒绝接受) doesnt mean someone isnt liked or valued.9Can you give me some advice on how to overe (战胜) the fear?10Conflicts (冲突) with others are mon in everyday life.单句语法填空1Thus I began to recognise (recognisable) the strengths of my classmates and have everyone do their part in class.2TV Ears patented technology includes a revolutionary (revolution) noise reduction ear tip.3They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation (investigate), or they would have e to our help.4Too much TV has been associated with violence, overweight and loneliness.5Food can also have a specific meaning, and play a significant(significance) role in a family or cultures celebrations or traditions.6They help us understand science subjects better and arouse our curiosity (curious) about scientific discoveries.7Some think that a womans body cells have a tendency (tend) to age more slowly than a mans.8I have always been_fascinated (fascination) by the stars, the planets, the sky and the universe.根据提示补全句子1最近，我们的英语俱乐部对我们是否应该在元宵节放烟火进行了一次讨论。(debate)Recently our English Club has_had/held_a_debate_about_whether_we_should_set_off_fireworks at the Lantern Festival.2这幅图画试图使我们相信一个事实：很多年轻人正在每天的生活中丧失他们基本的亲自动手的能力。(convince)The picture is trying to_convince_us_of_a_fact that many of the young are losing their basic handson ability in everyday life.3正如图表显示的那样，他们中70%的人反对这个专家的观点。(oppose)Just as the pie chart shows, 70% of them are_opposed_to/_oppose_the_experts_view.4我们必须要投诉你最近寄给我们的产品的质量。(plain)We must plain_about_the_quality_of_the_goods that you recently sent us.5只有通过诚实劳动获得的财富才能带来幸福。(acquire)Only when wealth is_acquired_by_means_of_honest_labor can it bring happiness.(一)课前自主学习1tell_._apart区分开2as_long_as 串记1 只要3lie_in 在于4in_conclusion 串记2 总之；总而言之5a_huge_number_of_ 大量的(修饰可数名词)6get_down_to_sth. 串记3 开始做某事7let_sb._down_ 使某人失望8or_rather_ 更确切地说，倒不如说9plain_about 对抱怨10be_relevant_to 与有关同根短语串记串记1.“只要”你能想到as/so long as只要 if only只要；要是on condition that如果；假如 provided that如果；只要串记2.“总之”说法多in conclusion (all) in allin a word in short/briefin general as a whole串记3.“开始做某事”短语朋友多get down to (doing) sth. settle down to sth.set about doing sth. set out to do sth.start/begin to do/doing sth.1many varieties of许多种2across the world 遍布世界3e up to 走近4have a powerful influence in 对影响大5turn the world into a “global village” 把世界变成“地球村”6trade with 与做买卖7adapt to local conditions 适应当地条件8have a tendency to 有的趋势/倾向1In this sense everybodys use of language whether_English, Chinese, or any other is different.从这种意义上来说，每个人对语言的使用不管是英语、汉语还是任何其他语言都是不同的。2Perhaps correctness doesnt matter as long as speakers can understand each other its_munication_that_counts.也许正确与否不要紧只要说话的人互相明白就行重要的是交流本身。3English has a huge number of colorful and splendid expressions which may be_difficult_to_understand.英语中有大量绚烂而华丽但可能很难懂的表达。学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的短语(补全句子)1(2018北京高考阅读C)So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie_in (在于) the stomachs of some hungry worms.2(2018天津高考阅读D)One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began plaining_about (抱怨) how cold it would be.(二)写作中的短语和句式(补全句子)1(2017全国卷书面表达)首先，我建议你提前学习唐朝的历史，这可能会比较容易理解将要学习的诗歌。(主语beadj.to do .)Firstly, I advise you to learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance, which_may_be_much_easier_to_understand the poems to be learned.2(2014浙江高考书面表达)正是科学书刊才能帮助我们更好地理解科学，引起我们对科学发现的好奇心。(强调句型)It_was_science_books_that_help_us_understand science better and arouse our curiosity about scientific discoveries.(二)课堂重点释疑短语集释1tell . apart区分开记牢(1)tell A from B把A和B区分开来(2)take . apart 把拆开set . apart 使分离fall apart 破碎；土崩瓦解；破产(3)apart from 除之外；此外练通单句语法填空One year, through a series of unhappy events, my dream fell apart.(2017天津高考书面表达)Apart from my academic studies, I always manage to find time for what Im interested in.写美补全句子许多新汽车看上去很相似，不大可能把它们区分开来。Most new cars look so similar that its impossible_to_tell_them_apart.2let sb. down使某人失望记牢let alone更不用说；更谈不上let off 让下车；宽恕；使爆炸let out 使出去；放出；泄露；发出(声音)let go (of) 放手，松手，放开；释放let in 放进，让进来；容许；许可练通用适当的介、副词填空When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate.I can tell you the truth, but you must promise not to let out the secret.The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, letting in the natural light during the day.写美补全句子我向你表达感谢，并且我会信守承诺，不会让你失望。I express my thanks to you and Ill keep_my_promise_and_not_let_you_down.句式集释主语beadj.to do .句式教材原句English has a huge number of colorful and splendid expressions which_may_be_difficult_to_understand. 悟拓展例句(1)Todays homework was_easy_to_do,_so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play.今天的作业容易做，因此迈克很快就完成作业然后出去玩耍了。(2)Although the lady looks elegant, actually she is_hard_to_get_along_with.尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难与她相处。析用法规则用法归纳(1)句型：主语beadj.不定式(2)特点：不定式用主动形式表示被动意义(3)条件：使用此结构须具备两个前提条件：不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；常用形容词有：difficult, hard, easy, fortable, pleasant, interesting, exciting等。注意事项在此结构中，若不定式为不及物动词，其后应该加相应的介词。背写作佳句(1)(2016四川高考书面表达)Among the four seasons in a year, summer is my favorite. The morning air is so good to breathe.(开头句)(2)Even though the problem was difficult to solve, I didnt give up. Because I firmly believed that “Where there is a will, there is a way.”(要点句)词块、句式过关综合训练.选词填空as long as， lie in， in conclusion， get down to， or rather， plain about， be relevant to， a huge number of， let sb. down， tell . apart1The children are learning to eat. Or_rather,_they are learning table manners.2I dont mind your delaying making the decision as_long_as it is not too late.3Im now writing to plain_about the service of your hotel.4The two brothers look so much alike that it is difficult to tell them apart.5The girl wants to find a person who is worth depending on and wont let her down.6The final examination is ing up soon. Wed better get_down_to preparing for it.7The number of the people invited to the meeting is fifty, a_huge_number_of whom are artists.8As a matter of fact, happiness doesnt lie_in how much property you own.9Many customs and traditional ways of behavior are no longer relevant_to the modern life.10Learning foreign languages calls for your memory, time, patience and emotions. In_conclusion,_it is not a simple thing.根据提示补全句子1在英国，我们有这样的一个说法：思想才重要。(强调句型)In England, we have a saying: Its_the_thought_that_counts.2不管开心还是难过，她总是试着保持微笑。(whether . or .)Whether_happy_or_sad,_she always tries to keep smiling.3人们在这些地方定居下来，因为他们容易到达，而且自然地适合沟通和贸易。(主语beadj.to do .)People settle in these places because_they_are_easy_to_get_to and naturally suited to munications and trade.应用文分步写作假定你是李华，在光明中学读书，在高中学习英语的过程中遇到一些问题，想得到老师的帮助，并想给班级的英语老师提一些建议，以帮助自己学好英语。请你结合自己的实际情况给英语老师写一封求助信，内容如下：1学习英语时遇到的问题：生词多，课文长，记忆有难度；2请老师介绍一些学习英语的好方法；3向英语老师提出建议。注意：1.词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点1审题：文体：求助信 人称：主要是第一人称时态：主要是一般现在时2结构：第一段：自我介绍并点明写信目的；第二段：说明自己在学习中遇到的一些问题并向英语老师提出请求(期望得到什么帮助)；第三段：表述期盼回复。3拟点：通过研读题目，根据写作背景介绍和要求可知本文应包括以下内容：开头：写信希望得到老师的帮助；要点1点明自己遇到的困难：我发现课文满是生词，难以记忆；课文太长，难以背诵；要点2向英语老师提出请求(介绍一些学习英语的好方法和请求讲课慢一点)；结尾期望得到答复。开头语：我是李华，我写信给您想寻求一些帮助。My_name_is_Li_Hua.Im_writing_to_you_to_ask_for_some_help.要点1：我在学习英语方面遇到很多困难。I_have_met_with_many_difficulties_in_learning_English.要点1：我发现我们的课文满是生词，对我来说难以记忆。I_find_our_texts_full_of_new_words_and_they_are_difficult_for_me_to_remember.要点1：这些课文对我来说如此长以至于我无法背诵。(too .to .)The_texts_are_too_long_for_me_to_recite.要点2：您能给我们介绍一些学习新单词的好方法吗？Would_you_like_to_introduce_to_us_some_good_ways_to_learn_new_words?要点2：我请求您讲课文更慢一点。(beg)I_beg_you_to_teach_the_text_more_slowly.结尾语：期望得到您的答复。Looking_forward_to_your_reply.第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼为了使行文连贯、满足题目要求，我们需要补充一些要点和添加细节。例如：1在表达要点1时可以用定语从句进行升级。2在要点1和要点2之间补充衔接句，从而使说明自己的困难自然而然衔接到请求老师关于学习方法的帮助上。3在要点2、2中添加介绍好方法会带来的结果及课文讲慢会带来的结果，可使用so that结果状语从句。4在要点3后可增加结论句：我确信在您的帮助下，我在英语学习方面能取得大的进步。升级要点1：我发现我们的课文满是生词，对我来说记住它们很难。(用that引导的定语从句)I_find_our_texts_full_of_new_words_that_are_difficult_for_me_to_remember.补充衔接句：因为面对着如此多的困难，所以我不得不向您寻求关于学习方法的帮助。(过去分词短语作状语)Faced_with_so_many_difficulties,_I_have_to_ask_you_for_some_help_about_learning_methods.拓展要点2：您能给我们介绍一些学习新单词的好方法以便我们更容易记住它们吗？(用so that引导的结果状语从句)Would_you_like_to_introduce_to_us_some_good_ways_to_learn_new_words_so_that_we_can_remember_them_more_easily?拓展要点2：我请求您讲课文更慢一点，这样大多数学生就能很容易地跟上。(用so that引导的结果状语从句)I_beg_you_to_teach_the_text_more_slowly_so_that_most_of_the_students_can_easily_follow_you.补充结论句：我确信在您的帮助下，我在英语学习方面能取得大的进步。(make progress)Im_sure_that_I_can_make_great_progress_in_my_English_study_with_your_help.第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡求助信的开头应该开门见山指出写信的目的，下面再陈述问题和提出寻求帮助。要点之间可采用一些过渡词，如besides， in the meanwhile等把基本要点和拓展要点有机地连接起来，以提高文章的逻辑性。Dear_teacher，My_name_is_Li_Hua._Im_writing_to_you_to_ask_for_some_help._I_have_met_with_many_difficulties_in_learning_English._I_find_our_texts_full_of_new_words_that_are_difficult_for_me_to_remember._Besides,_the_texts_are_too_long_for_me_to_recite.Faced_with_so_many_difficulties,_I_have_to_ask_you_for_some_help_about_learning_methods._Would_you_like_to_introduce_to_us_some_good_ways_to_learn_new_words_so_that_we_can_remember_them_more_easily?_In_the_meanwhile,_I_beg_you_to_teach_the_text_more_slowly_so_that_most_of_the_students_can_easily_follow_you._Im_sure_that_I_can_make_great_progress_in_my_English_study_with_your_help.Looking_forward_to_your_reply.Yours，Li_Hua
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