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必修2Unit 4Wildlife protection一、阅读理解AWhen Columbus sailed the ocean blue in 1492 he wasnt looking for America, he was searching for a route from Spain to China; America just got in the way. The Spanish were after the riches of Asia: silk, dates, spices. Until later adventurers discovered how to sail to the Far East, trade with China depended on the Silk Road. The trade between China and Europe brought huge wealth, so the Spanish had a strong desire to find a new way to the East. Eventually a way appeared; as sea traffic developed from the 17th Century onwards, the overland route diminished. Now China is seeking to revive(复兴)the Silk Road and is preparing to invest 4 trillion pounds in new roads, rail links, oil pipelines and other basic facilities. It is hoped that goods can be shipped westwards by land far more quickly and economically than by sea. But the plan is also to attract more tourists. Actually, China does pretty well for tourists already; its the worlds fourth most visited country. Two cities Beijing and Shanghaipossess the tourism business, with significant interest in destinations such as Xian and Chengdu. While Beijing is modern, cities such as Lanzhou and Dunhuang have one foot planted firmly in old China. Other places featured include Xian, the former capital of China, where you can e face to face with the Terracotta Army built to protect Chinas first emperor in the afterlife. From Lanzhou tour members take the train to Jiayuguan, Chinas western gateway and a key location on the Silk Road. There is also a fourday coach journey along the original Silk Route through the Xinjiang region to Kashgar. Along the way, at Kurla, you can visit the ruins of the Iron Fortress.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。在古代，丝绸之路促进了东西方商品和文化的交流，后来没落了。但是最近几年，中国复兴丝绸之路的计划使它又焕发了活力、魅力。【长难句分析】Other places featured include Xian, the former capital of China, where you can e face to face with the Terracotta Army built to protect Chinas first emperor in the afterlife.(倒数第二段第一句)分析：本句是复合句。where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Xian。译文：其他比较重要的旅游地还包括西安，它曾是中国古代的都城，在那里可以看到为保护去世的中国第一个皇帝而建的兵马俑。1What does the underlined word “diminished” in Paragraph 2 mean?ADiscovered. BDisappeared.CDisturbed. DDisplayed.答案与解析：B考查词义猜测。该题提问的是划线词的含义。根据第二段最后两句中的“the Spanish had a strong desire to find a new way to the East. Eventually a way appeared; as sea traffic developed from the 17th Century onwards”可知，当时西班牙人找到了一条更快、更方便的通往中国的海路，因此随着海上贸易的发展，那条陆地上的丝绸之路逐渐废弃，消失不见了。由此可推断出，“diminish”应意为“消失”。故选B。2What is the purpose of reviving the Silk Road?ATo rebuild the ruins of the Iron Fortress.BTo construct new roads and other basic structures. CTo make transportation westwards faster and cheaper.DTo draw more inland tourists attention to the western gateway.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。It is hoped that goods can be shipped westwards by land far more quickly and economically than by sea.(第三段第二句)译文：中国希望通过陆地比通过海洋能够更快、更经济地将商品运送至西方。该题提问的是复兴丝绸之路的目的是什么。根据关键句可知，这是为了更快、更便宜地将商品输送至西方。故选C。3What can we learn about the Silk Road? AIt is nothing but a trade route. BIt may destroy some cities ancient style. CIt attracts foreign investment of 4 trillion. DIt promotes the tourism industry of China.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。But the plan is also to attract more tourists.(第四段第一句)译文：但是，该计划也是为了吸引更多的游客。该题提问的是关于丝绸之路我们可以了解到什么信息。根据关键句可知，复兴丝绸之路也是为了吸引更多的游客，促进中国旅游业的发展。故选D。4What is the best title for the text?AThe charming of the Silk RoadBThe function of the Silk RoadCThe origin of the Silk RoadDThe future of the Silk Road答案与解析：A考查标题概括。根据文章内容可判断出，本文主要讲述的是：在最近几年，丝绸之路又焕发出了魅力和活力，它不仅方便了商品的运输，而且促进了中国旅游业的发展。A项体现了本文的主题，适合用作标题。故选A。BCaptain John Bunch loves to go fishing. In fact, Bunch loves fishing so much that he became a professional fishing guide decades ago and has remained one ever since. There is something, however, that Bunch loves even more. That is his country and the men and women who join the army to protect it. Ever since Bunch met a young soldier in 2005, who wanted to go on a fishing trip before he left the army, the Florida native has offered over 1 200 fishing trips to veterans(退伍军人), with all expenses paid.And Bunchs efforts to give back to those who have served their nation go even much further. Inspired by that fishing trip 11 years ago, he founded Operation Open Arms, which has since helped nearly 3 400 US troops and given out more than $12 million in direct benefits with his charity. Operation Open Arms also provides free weddings, vacations, and more leisurely activities to veterans, and can rely on a network of over 300 businesses and individual partners to get former soldiers anything they might need upon returning home from army.The former marines heartwarming generosity is a result of his own experiences in the military and the pride he has for his country. I do this because I love my country and I do this because America is the greatest country in the world, he told NBCs Today Show. Bunchs unwavering mitment goes so far that he once turned down an invitation from then-President George W. Bush, because he had already scheduled a fishing trip with one of his veterans. Even the military has recognized Bunchs work of love, and earlier this year honored him and his organization with the Outstanding Civilian Service Award and the Armys most prestigious civilian award.1.What caused John Bunch to offer free fishing trips to veterans?A.A young soldiers desire to go on a fishing trip.B. Working as a professional fishing guide.C. Having served in the army.D. Growing up in Florida.2.What is Paragraph Two mainly about?A. The achievements Operation Open Arms has made.B. How Operation Open Arms was founded.C. Activities Captain John Bunch has joined.D. The missions of Operation Open Arms.3.Which can best describe John Bunchs personality?A. Ambitious and talented.B. Responsible and patient.C. Honest and determined.D. Warm-hearted and generous.4.John Bunch didnt accept George W. Bushs invitation because_.A. he thought little of himB. he didnt want to see himC. he had to take care of businessD. he wanted to stay with veterans【文章大意】钓鱼向导John Bunch不仅自己喜欢钓鱼，而且还为美国退伍军人安排很多次免费的钓鱼之旅，并为他们提供一些其他的福利。1.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的Ever since Bunch met a young soldier in 2005, who wanted to go on a fishing trip before he left the army, the Florida native has offered over 1 200 fishing trips to veterans(退伍军人), with all expenses paid可知,2005年,Captain John Bunch遇上一个年轻的士兵，士兵说他希望退役前能来一次钓鱼之旅。此后，Captain John Bunch为退伍军人安排了1 200多次免费的钓鱼之旅。故此题选A。3.D 【解析】推理判断题。从短文中John Bunch为退伍军人安排免费的钓鱼之旅,和provides free weddings.等可知，John Bunch不仅友好，具有强烈的助人为乐精神,而且还成立慈善机构慷慨大方地帮助退伍军人。故选D。4.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的he once turned down an invitation from then-President George W. Bush, because he had already scheduled a fishing trip with one of his veterans可知，John Bunch曾经拒绝布什总统的邀请是因为他事先计划要和退伍军人一起去钓鱼。二、七选五(2018甘肃省兰州市高考诊断考试)What makes people successful? Take a look around and talk to your friends and seniors who are very successful, you will see all of them have adopted certain values which have proved important for their success.It is evident that successful people take initiative (主动性). When they find something needs to be done, they never hesitate to do it. _1_ They weigh immediately what has to be done and then do it with pleasure, thus strengthening their reputation. Successful people do things with great enthusiasm, especially when they believe in what they are doing. They are motivated by their own satisfaction and the joy they get from doing their work. _2_ They do not fear failure. Failures and disappointments in life are unavoidable. _3_ Successful people pick themselves up after a fall and try again with more determination and mitment and learn from each failure. They associate with those they can learn from and enjoy the pany of those appreciating their achievement. Having a good IQ often gets a person what he wants but its really the EQ that keeps him there and helps him enjoy a high reputation. _4_ By giving respect to others, they mand respect for themselves. _5_ Its better to praise others and win favor with them. So instead of plaining about a situation, successful people always try to solve it.ASuccessful people never plain.BSuccessful persons dont make excuses.CThey work hard even when no one is watching.DThey believe that responsibility is taken, not given.EIts failure that teaches us much more than success.FIts hard to be successful if you dont trust the people around you.GSuccessful people are polite to everyone and treat others with respect.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了成功人士所具有的共同特征。【难句分析】Having a good IQ often gets a person what he wants but its really the EQ that keeps him there and helps him enjoy a high reputation.(第五段第一句)分析：本句是一个复合句。Having a good IQ是动名词短语作主语；what引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语；its really the EQ that keeps him there and helps him enjoy a high reputation是强调句，对主语the EQ进行强调。译文：拥有高智商会让一个人得到他想要的，但是其实是情商使他维持自己的地位，并帮助他享有高的声誉。1答案与解析：D根据本段第一句“It is evident that successful people take initiative(主动性)”可知，成功的人往往积极主动，而不是被动接受任务，所以选D项。2答案与解析：C根据上文中的“They are motivated by their own satisfaction and the joy they get from doing their work.”可知，因为成功人士能够从工作中得到满足和乐趣，所以他们会自己努力，不需要别人监督，故选C项。3答案与解析：E根据下文中的“Successful people pick themselves up after a fall and try again with more determination and mitment and learn from each failure.”可知，E项“正是失败教会我们更多，而不是成功”符合语境，故选E项。4答案与解析：G根据下文中的“By giving respect to others, they mand respect for themselves.”可知，G项“成功人士礼貌待人，尊敬他人”符合语境，故选G项。5答案与解析：A本段主要讲的是成功人士不抱怨，总是努力解决问题，故选A项作本段的主题句。三、短文改错(2018临沂模拟)Last weekend, my parents and I start early to visit my grandpa in the countryside where is about 80 km away. When we arrived, we saw some dishes had been preparing for us. My grandpa was more than happy to see me or have dinner with them. As my grandpa is a good cook, so we ate up all the delicious dishes. After dinner, he listened my report about the life in school. He told me to take more exercise to stay health. He also told me to study hardly to get further education in a key university to make the greater contribution to our motherland.答案：Last weekend, my parents and I early to visit my grandpa in the countryside is about 80 km away. When we arrived, we saw some dishes had been for us. My grandpa was more than happy to see me have dinner with . As my grandpa is a good cook, we ate up all the delicious dishes. After dinner, he listened my report about the life in school. He told me to take more exercise to stay . He also told me to study to get further education in a key university to make greater contribution to our motherland.四、短文语法填空Chinese are the first people to have tea.One thousand and two hundred years ago，Lu Yu wrote a book called“The Classic of Tea”， 1. is honored as “The Bible of Tea”The book gives a detailed 2. (explain) of the origin，the processing skills and the classification of tea.However，Chinese tea culture goes far beyond tea 3. (it)Take green tea for instance，the ideal temperature of the water should be around 80 degrees Celsius.If the water is too hot，nutrients (营养) in the tea 4. (destroy)On the other hand，if the water is not hot enough，the tea 5. (leaf) wont open and you will miss the pleasantly fresh flavor.So Chinese people are accustomed 6. drinking hot tea.When you visit a Chinese friend，your friend will 7. (constant) add hot water to your empty cup of tea.It is polite 8. (offer) the tea cup to guests with both hands. Of course，the guests should pay respect as well, 9. (take) the cup with both hands.Talking about adding water to the tea cup，there is 10. saying: Wine full，the full cup.Tea half，half cup.For wine，the full cup symbolizes whole heartiness.For tea，the half cup means modesty.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了中国茶文化的历史、喝热茶的原因、喝茶礼仪、关于茶的俗语。1which考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“The Classic of Tea”，空处为关系词，指物，故填which。2explanation考查名词。根据空前的detailed可知，空处被形容词修饰，故用explain的名词形式。3itself考查反身代词。句意：然而，中国的茶文化远超过茶本身。据此可知，空处用反身代词itself。4will be destroyed考查动词的时态和语态。句意：如果水太热，茶叶中的营养将被破坏。根据句意可知，主语nutrients(营养)in the tea和动词destroy之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；根据该句结构可知，该句为复合句，在if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时，主句则用一般将来时，故空处用一般将来时的被动语态。5leaves考查名词的复数。根据常识可知，该处的茶叶为复数概念。6to考查固定搭配。be accustomed to为固定搭配，意为“习惯于”。7constantly考查副词。根据空后的动词add可知，空处修饰该动词，故用副词形式。8to offer考查动词不定式。分析该句结构可知，该句使用了“Itis/wasadj.to do sth.”的固定句式，It为形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。9taking考查现在分词。分析该句结构可知，空处作伴随状语，且take与其逻辑主语the guests之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词。10a考查冠词。该处泛指“一句俗语”，且saying的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。
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