2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解基础选练（3）(I).doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解基础选练（3）(I)社会文化（阅读理解）由 (xx东北三校高三一模)改编More than 20 Chinese and American experts discovered that young people of both countries are facing the same problems of economic and social pressures and lack of confidence.Wayne Meisel,director of the Campus Outreach Opportunity League of Minnesota University,said that under economic pressure American young people have to work hard and most students have to take part-time work in order to support themselves.In these circumstances,he said,young people lack confidence,which was not the case in the 1960s when young people thought themselves capable of doing anything.In spite of the different conditions in China,Li Xuequan,director of the higher education section of the All-China Youth Federation,said Chinese young people are also facing economic pressure and are worried about inflation (通货膨胀) and corruption (腐败).In order to solve these problems,the Chinese and American experts agreed that youth organization should call on the whole of society to create favourable conditions for the healthy growth of young people,as well as to encourage them to meet the urgent needs of society.Meisel said that since last year he has sent letters of “challenge to youth” to many young people,urging them to mit themselves to meet such needs as feeding the hungry,housing the homeless,caring for the lonely and sick,serving the elderly and preserving the environment.The letter says:“Through the service,we touch the lives of others and enrich our own.”1.What is the main factor that leads to young peoples lack of confidence in both countries?()A.Their educationB.Their lazinessC.Economic pressureD.Part-time jobs2.What is the possible situation in the 1960s?()A.Young people lacked confidence as well.B.Young people were quite confident in America.C.Young people in America were able to do anything well.D.Young Chinese people were very confident.3.The word “mit” can be replaced by “”.A.keepB.devoteC.helpD.express4.The passage is mainly about in the two countries.A.lack of confidence of the young peopleB.problems of the young people and ways to solve themC.approaches to touching the lives of othersD.challenges for the young people语篇解读:面对经济和社会压力,年轻人心理上会有什么变化。中美两国的专家对年轻人做过调查后发现,两国年轻人面对经济和社会压力都出现了相同的心理表现。答案及剖析:1.C事实细节题。根据文章首段可知:经济和社会压力使得年轻人缺乏信心。选项C正确。2.B事实细节题。根据文章第三段“which was not the case in the 1960s when young people thought themselves capable of doing anything”可知,二十世纪六十年代,美国的年轻人非常有信心。因此,选项B正确。3.B猜测词义题。结合文章第五段“as well as to encourage them to meet the urgent needs of society”及第六段的信息可知:针对年轻人的问题,专家号召整个社会关注年轻人的健康成长,鼓励他们满足社会的迫切要求。催促年轻人振作精神,致力于社会的需要,诸如人们的温饱、住房、关心孤独的人和生病的人、为老年人服务和环境保护等公益事业。因此,mit应该为“致力于”的意思,选项B符合语境。4.B主旨大意题。通览全文可知:本文主要谈及中美两国年轻人在经济和社会压力下出现的问题及专家们提出解决该问题的建议。选项B较全面地概括了全文的大意,为正确选项。【长难句子分析】 , , 他说,在这些情况下,年轻人缺乏信心,这与二十世纪六十年代的情况不同,那个时候,年轻人认为他们能够做任何事情。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。【xx届广东省高三上期末华附、省实、广雅、深中四校联考】CThis is our country, America. The country where everyone is supposed to have a shot at financial success. The country of dreams and ambition. Yet, caused by the endless pursuit of individual profit, our country is a mess. And we owe it all to capitalism. We live in a society where people are forced to live without health coverage. A country where the poor can hardly feed themselves while the rich decide which one of their 10 homes to stay at for the night. All of these sad things arise out of capitalism. Sadly, our country values little more than money. It motivates our decisions and even influences entire political parties. We have gotten to the point in society where a human life es secondary to our financial security. Any rational society would value life above all else and realize that health is a basic human right. Yet in our world, money es first.I never once have claimed to be an economist and have no interest in debating the financial advantages of any economic system. Yet socialism surely looks better than what we have. If we lived in a socialist society, we would be a country without such an unfair wealth distribution. We would value friendship over business and we would treat one another as humans. Most importantly, however, is that money would stop controlling our lives and we could act how humans should act. Capitalism has created an “every man for himself” existence. Everything is a battle for limited resources and fuels. We have bee so accustomed to the life value that we will do whatever we have to look out for ourselves. Yet is this really the kind of life we want?We have bee so illusioned. We are tired of the misdirection. All economic systems have their issues, but I feel like ours is turning our country into something it shouldnt be. The good of man falls secondary to money. In our world, it is all about dollars and cents, which, unfortunately for most, makes no sense.51. In the authors opinion, the root cause of the present situation in his country is _.A. money B. peoples value C. social unfairness D. social system【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。根据we owe it all to capitalism所有的一切都是因为是资本主义社会，也就是他们国家的制度，故选D。52. According to the passage, which is NOT the characteristic of capitalism?A. individualism B. endless pursuit of wealth C. humanism D. great gap between the rich and the poor 【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。individualism个人利己主义； endless pursuit of wealth 无休止追求财富；humanism 人道主义；great gap between the rich and the poor富人和穷人的距离拉大；根据Capitalism has created an “every man for himself” existence.利己主义；caused by the endless pursuit of individual profit, 无休止追求财富；If we lived in a socialist society, we would be a country without such an unfair wealth distribution. 财富分配不均；这些都是资本主义的特征，只有人道主义是社会主义的特征，故选C。53. How does the author feel about his country?A. concerned B. angry C. skeptical D. hopeless 【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。concerned关心的； angry生气的； skeptical 怀疑的； hopeless绝望的。根据Yet is this really the kind of life we want? I feel like ours is turning our country into something it shouldnt be.这里显示出作者很关心自己的国家，故选A。54. Which of the following would the author agree with?A. Life should be placed at the top of our considerations.B. Socialism is perfect.C. Health is equally important as wealth.D. The pursuit for wealth should be restricted. 【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。根据Any rational society would value life above all else 及The good of man falls secondary to money.作者同意钱放在第二位，生命放在第一位，故选A。55. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. How to Save America B. Capitalism Is in TroubleC. Why Is America in Trouble D. America Is in Trouble 【答案】C【解析】标题归纳题。根据本文的内容叙述了美国为什么处于困境之中，故选C。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。【xx届广东省高三上期末华附、省实、广雅、深中四校联考】DA lot of interesting things have happened in the past several months as people from all walks of life learn how to stretch their money. A lot of changes have been accelerated by the fuel shocks during the summer of xx; in a lot of ways we seem to be reverting to the frugal(economical) sensibilities of a past generation. More people are choosing to be more picky when they swipe their credit cards even if that means not buying things until they have money in their bank accounts, the days of the $0-down mortgage(抵押贷款)seem to be murdered, and there is a lot more acceptance of environmentally-friendly technologies that promise to reduce our overall dependency on foreign oil even if it means taking a hit to the excesses that used to define our quality of living.An interesting new trend being taken by small businesses is the practice of offering discounted prices to customers willing to pay in cash. This is not the same as paying “under the table”-rather, the store saves its merchant processing fees and passes those savings on to the customers. The idea is a good one in principle-paying in cash forces consumers to take stock of what they are spending as much as it saves stores from transaction(交易) fees. Of course there are drawbacks to the plan. When people pay in cash, they tend to be more conservative with their spending since they tangibly(really) feel their money leave their possession. That will cause stores to lose profits because customers will think twice before buying highmargin “impulse” products at checkout whereas before they might not have thought twice before charging it. Increased volume of cash handling opens stores to loss through employee theft at the till(抽屉), not to mention controls that need to be put into place to count and deposit physical currency.Our family has saved a fortune by switching to cash. When getting to the bottom of your change jar means no more purchase power until your next pay period, you really start to appreciate the fine art of merchandising(做买卖) and the expertise applied to make you want to buy more and more. Cold hard cash feels more organic, and helps us to appreciate the effort it takes to maintain our lifestyle.56. From the passage, we can learn that _.A. customers are in a more favorable position by paying in cash.B. people will not be allowed to use their credit cards if there is no money in their bank account. C. people have adjusted their way of living to the new situation.D. people are living better than before by paying in cash.【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据全文的内容可知出现了新的现象时，人们会慢慢地去适应，故选C。57. By saying “people from all walks of life learn how to stretch their money”, the author means that _. A. people walk to work in order to save money.B. people of all professions learn to make the best use of their money.C. people of the whole society learn to earn more money.D. all people learn to extend money so that it is worth more.【答案】B【解析】句意理解题。all walks of life各行各业；stretch their money充分利用钱；这句应该是来自各行各业的人们都充分利用他们自己的钱，也就是让钱发挥最大的作用，故选B。58. When the customers pay their goods in cash, the stores will be affected in the following ways EXCEPT _.A. the sale of their goods will decrease as the customers are more reluctant to buy things.B. there is a potential danger of money loss by their staff.C. it brings a burden to the stores as they need to deal with the cash.D. the stores make less money as they need to give some money back to the customers.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据That will cause stores to lose profits because customers will think twice因为顾客不是情愿地去买东西所以商店的销售量会有所下降，选项A符合原文；Increased volume of cash handling opens stores to loss through employee theft at the till(抽屉), not to mention controls that need to be put into place to count and deposit physical currency.有大量地现金使员工处理现金时负担增大，同时也增加了员工丢失钱的危险，选项CD符合原文；只有选项D没有提到，故选D。 59. What caused people to start to use cash instead of credit cards?A. The rising prices. B. High unemployment. C. The fuel shocks. D. The economic crisis.【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据A lot of changes have been accelerated by the fuel shocks during the summer of xx; in a lot of ways we seem to be reverting to the frugal(economical) sensibilities of a past generation.由于燃料的冲击，我们为了节俭，又开始使用现金来代替信用卡，故选C。60. Whats the authors attitude towards the practice of paying in cash?A. Approving B. Ridiculous C. Uninterested D. Opposed 【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。approving赞成的； ridiculous荒谬的； uninterested不感兴趣的； opposed 反对的。根据Cold hard cash feels more organic, and helps us to appreciate the effort it takes to maintain our lifestyle.可知作者对于现金支付是赞成的，故选A。