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复合句,1. (2013湖北高考)Knowing_ reduces the risks of failure and it works like an insurance policy for your own ability. (do) 知道你正在干什么, 能降低失败的风险, 这就像给自己的能力买了份保险。 【解析】what you are doing/the thing(s)which/that you are doing。考查宾语从句或定语从句中的时态选择。根据语境英语提示it works和汉语提示“正在干什么”得知答案为what you are doing。,2. (2013北京高考) so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. (make) 让这本书非比寻常的是作者具有创造性的想象力。 【解析】What makes the book。考查名词性从句。根据语境得知题干部分is为系动词, the creative imagination of the writer为表语, 故is之前为主语从句。从句中主语指事物, 即“让这本书非比寻常的(东西)”, 故填What makes the book。,3. (2013新课标全国卷I)Police have found_ the lost ancient statue. (appear) 警察发现了疑似失窃的古老雕像。 【解析】what appears to be。考查名词性从句。根据语境得知考查found后的宾语从句。宾语从句部分属于无主语情况, 选择名词性从句中能作主语的连接代词what。因此得出答案。,4. (2013江西高考) the window will have to pay for it. (break) 无论你们其中哪个人弄坏窗子都必须赔偿。 【解析】Whichever one of you breaks。考查名词性从句。主句谓语为will have to pay, 之前为主语从句, whichever“无论哪一个”指有范围的选择。因此得出答案。,5. (2012湖北高考)I dont know in the novel that made him burst into tears. (what) 我不知道是小说中的什么东西使他突然泪如泉涌。 【解析】what it was。考查名词性从句。I dont know的后面接的是一个宾语从句, 注意宾语从句需要使用陈述语序。宾语从句同时又使用了强调句型: It was. . . that特殊句式。,6. (2012湖北高考)Things arent always . (appear) 事情往往不是它们看上去的那样。 【解析】what they appear(to be)。考查名词性从句。这个从句是表语从句, 注意名词性从句中的疑问语气都需要用陈述语序来表达。appear to do sth. 因后面是系动词, 也可以省略。,7. (2011湖北高考) (令球迷欣喜的)was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis tournament. (delight) 【解析】What delighted the fans。考查名词性从句。what引导的主语从句。在这个主语从句中, 缺少主语, 所以我们选择what。故其答案为“What delighted the fans”。,8. (2011湖北高考) (他突然想到)that he had an important conference to attend the next morning. (occur) 【解析】It occurred to him。考查名词性从句。It作形式主语, 真正的主语是后面的that从句。,9. (2013湖北高考)Through the course of my schooling, I met many teachers, two_ me greatly. (influence) 上学时我遇到过很多老师, 其中两位对我影响很大。 【解析】of whom influenced/of whom have influenced/of them having influenced。考查非限制性定语从句。根据语境得知是many teachers中的two, 是所属关系, 因此用of +关系代词whom, 再根据语境met暗示用一般过去时(表动作发生在过去)或现在完成时(表过去的动作对现在造成了影响)。第三个答案考查的是独立主格结构。,10. (2013山东高考)Finally he reached a lonely island from the outside world. (cut) 最后他到了一个完全与外界隔绝的孤岛上。 【解析】which/that was completely cut off。考查定语从句。根据语境分析考查定语从句, 当先行词指物且在定语从句中作主语时, 关系代词用which或that。与隔绝用be cut off, 因此得出答案。,11. (2013新课标全国卷I)“You cant judge a book by its cover, ” . (as) 常言道: “人不可貌相。” 【解析】as the old saying goes。考查非限制性定语从句。令人耳熟能详的谚语, 加上熟悉的as引导的非限制性定语从句, as the old saying goes属于固定句式, 意为“俗话说, 常言道”。,12. (2013湖北高考)I dont often lose things, so I was quite surprised my wallet and found it wasnt there. (reach) 我不常丢东西, 所以当我拿钱包却发现钱包不在时, 大吃一惊。 【解析】when I reached for/the moment I reached for/at the time when I reached for。考查时间状语从句。根据语境was quite surprised和found it wasnt there. 得知拿钱包动作发生在过去。因此得出答案。第三个答案考查定语从句。,13. (2013北京高考)I took my driving license with me on holiday, a car. (hire) 度假的时候我随身带了驾照, 以防我要租车。 【解析】in case I wanted to hire。考查条件状语从句。根据语境以防应用in case, took一词暗示从句用一般过去时, 因此得出答案。,14. (2012湖北高考)However , I could not read his handwriting. (try) 不论我怎样努力, 还是没法看清他写的字。 【解析】hard/much I(had)tried。考查状语从句。however表示让步, 根据句子意思, 从句可以使用一般过去时, 也可以用过去完成时。,15. (2011湖北高考)Be careful! The machine starts (你一按)the button. (moment) 【解析】the moment you press。考查状语从句。the moment名词用作连词, 引导时间状语从句, 意为“一就”。,热点考向 1 名词性从句 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句, 在复合句中它们分别充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语。 . 主要考点 1. 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的辨析。 2. 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句连接词的选择。,3. 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的语序问题。 4. 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的时态、语态问题及主谓一致问题。 5. it作形式主语、形式宾语的句型。,. 具体内容 1. 分析语境, 辨析从句类型。 2. 掌握名词性从句中三大连接词的选择。 (1)that。从句句意完整, 不缺少任何成分, 除宾语从句中的第一个that可以省略外, 其余的that一律不能省略。that在句中不充当任何句子成分, 只起连接作用。,(2)whether/if。从句中含有“是否”意思时选用。但主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中只能用whether, 不能用if。宾语从句中whether和if一般可以互换, 但宾语从句有or not, 或宾语从句位于动词discuss和介词之后时也只能用whether, 不能用if。whether/if在句中不充当任何句子成分, 只起连接作用。 (3)特殊疑问词(组)。从句中含有特殊疑问词(组)就用它们作连接词, 如连接代词who/whoever, whom/whomever, whose, what/whatever, which/whichever; 连接副词when/whenever, where/wherever, how, why等。它们在句中不但起连接作用, 还在句中充当句子成分。,3. 掌握名词性从句的语序一律用陈述语序(即主语在前谓语在后语序)。 4. 掌握名词性从句中时态、语态问题及主谓一致问题。 1)主语从句中的主谓一致 (1)由that, whether, where, when, why, how, whenever等引导的单个名词性从句作主语时, 主句的谓语动词通常用单数形式。 When we will start hasnt been made public. That the earthquake-stricken areas need food and tents is obvious.,(2)但由and连接的多个从句作主语时, 主句的谓语动词通常用复数形式。 What he said and what he did were different. What he will do and how we will help him have not been decided. (3)由what引起的名词性从句作主语时, 主句的谓语动词通常用单数形式, 但如果表语是复数名词, 主句的谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可。 What you said has left us much to think about. What our school needs are more young teachers.,2)宾语从句中的时态及否定前移 (1)当主句是现在时或将来时, 宾语从句时态不限, 根据需要选择时态。 (2)当主句是过去时, 则宾语从句时态应与主句时态保持一致, 即用过去时态的某种形式。 (2011山东高考)Weve offered her the job, but I dont know whether shell accept it. (2011北京高考)The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face.,(3)但当主句是过去时, 宾语从句所叙述的是客观事实、自然现象、科学真理等时, 从句不受主句限制, 用一般现在时。 He said that light travels much faster than sound. The teacher told us (that) nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it. (4)宾语从句的否定前移。当主句的谓语动词为think, believe, suppose等时, 且主语为第一人称, 从句的否定提前。 I dont think he is going to help you with your English, is he?,5. 梳理归纳总结并熟记it作形式主语、形式宾语的句型。 1)it用作形式主语, 替代主语从句的句型 (1)It +link. v (be) +adj. + that-clause 常用于这种结构的形容词有: necessary, likely, (im)possible, probable, wonderful, (un) important, clear, obvious, evident, apparent, true, good, right, wrong, useless, surprising, unusual, lucky, certain等。 *(2011江苏高考)It was never clear why the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.,*It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. 注意: Its necessary/important/strange/natural +that-clause结构中, 从句常用“should do”形式, should可以省略。,(2)It + be +n. + that-clause 常用于该句型的名词(词组)有: a pity, a shame, a fact, an honour, a/no surprise, a /no wonder, a good thing, good news等。 *It is a fact that English is accepted as an international language.,(3)It + be +v. (p. p)+ that-clause 常用于该句型的过去分词有: said, known, hoped, reported, thought, believed, told, proved, announced, expected, decided, suggested等, 该句型常可以转换成含有宾语从句的复合句或者含有不定式作主语补足语的简单句。 *It was announced that only when the fire was under control would the residents be permitted to return to their homes. *It was reported that the supermarket had been robbed last night. =The supermarket was reported to have been robbed last night.,注意: It is suggested/insisted/advised/ordered/ declared/ claimed/requested/required/recommended +that-clause等表示建议、命令类的从句中, 从句应用“should do”形式, should可以省略。 *Its required in the regulations that you(should)not tell other people that password of your e-mail account.,(4)It +vi. + that-clause 常用于该句型的动词(短语)有: happen, appear, seem, matter, occur, remain, worry, come about, turn out等。 It happened that. . . 碰巧 It seems that. . . 看来 It appears that. . . 看来 It worried sb. that. . . 使某人着急 *It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.,It remains to be seen +-clause有待观察 It occurred to sb. that. . . 某人突然想到 It suddenly struck sb. that. . . 某人突然想到 How does it come about +-clause? 怎么会? *How did it come about that you made such a silly mistake? It matters/doesnt matter +-clause有关系(重要)/没关系(不重要) *(2012山东高考)It doesnt matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store. It makes a/no difference +-clause. . . 有关系/没有区别 It turned out that. . . 结果是/证明,(5)It + be +prep. phrase +-clause 常用于该句型的介词短语有: under discussion, beyond ones power, (just) like sb. 等。 *(2011重庆高考)It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.,2)it用作形式宾语, 替代宾语从句的句型 it用作形式宾语, 替代宾语从句的句型有两类: (1)在动词(短语)enjoy, hate, like, love, appreciate, take(认为, 猜想, 假定), put, see to, depend on, rely on等接宾语从句时, 习惯上在从句前加形式宾语。 *I would appreciate it if you can give me a hand. *I take it as a basic principle of the company that suppliers of raw materials should be given a fair price for their products. (2)make/think/find/feel/consider + it+adj. /n. +-clause *We make it a rule that everyone shall come to school before 7: 30 am.,【真题变式】 1. (2013陕西高考) the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice. (remain) 新成立的委员会的政策能否能付诸实施还有待观察。 【解析】It remains to be seen whether。考查名词性从句中的主语从句。根据语境得知考查固定句式It remains to be seen +-clause有待观察, 再根据汉语提示可知选whether引导主语从句。因而得出答案。,2. (2013山东高考) the dogs will be well cared for while were away. (know) 我们知道当我们离开的时候这些狗会被很好地照顾是一件好事。 【解析】Its good to know that。考查名词性从句。根据语境得知“做是一件好事”应用固定句式Its good to do sth. 。动词know之后为宾语从句, 从句中不缺少成分, 故用that表示陈述一件事。,3. (2012北京高考)Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt it differently. (express) 杰里不后悔给出评论, 但是他觉得他本来可以用另一种不同的方式来表达的。 【解析】that he could have expressed。考查名词性从句中的宾语从句。动词felt后应该是个宾语从句, 宾语从句句子完整, 不缺少句子成分, 选用that, 可以省略。根据语境得知过去本来可以, 应用could have done, 因此得出答案。,4. (2012四川高考)Scientists study_ make computers. (work) 科学家研究人类大脑是如何工作以制造出电脑。 答案: how human brains work to。,5. (2012全国卷)It is by no means clear_ end the strike. (do) 总统会采取什么措施来结束这次罢工根本不为人知。 答案: what the president can do to。,6. (2012福建高考)We promise_ a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star. (attend) 无论谁参加聚会我们承诺给他提供一个和电影明星合影的机会。 答案: whoever attends the party。,7. (2012陕西高考)As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose . (suit) 提供了多达五门课程, 你可以自由选择那个最适合你的。 答案: whichever suits you best。,8. (2012安徽高考)The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but_ these limits will depend on his environment. (reach) 一个人的智力极限, 通常说来, 出生时就已经定型了, 但他是否能够达到极限取决于他所处的环境。 答案: whether he reaches。,9. (2012重庆高考)Evidence has been found through years of study_ continue when they grow up. (likely) 多年的研究已经证明孩子早年的睡眠问题在他们长大后很可能持续。 答案: that childrens early sleeping problems are likely to。,10. (2012湖南高考)Everyone in the village is very friendly. you have lived there for a short or a long time. (matter) 村子里的每个人都非常友好。无论你在那里居住了很短一段时间还是很长一段时间, 都没有关系。 答案: It doesnt matter whether。,11. (2012上海高考)There is much truth in the idea by frankness. (serve) 善意经常表现为坦率, 这个看法是不无道理的。 答案: that kindness is usually served。,12. (2012辽宁高考)The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for about Mark Twain. (find) 前几天那位新生来到图书馆寻找他能找到的关于马克吐温的任何书籍。 答案: whatever he could find。,13. (2012江苏高考)The notice came around two in the afternoon . (postpone) 大约下午两点传来通知说会议将会延迟。 答案: that the meeting would be postponed。,14. (2011山东高考)I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, he never finishes anything. (be) 恐怕与其说他是个实干家不如说是个空谈家, 这就是他总是一事无成的原因。 【解析】which is why。考查定语从句和名词性从句中的表语从句。根据汉语提示及句中逗号可知是非限制性定语从句, 再根据汉语提示“是的原因”及英语he never finishes anything暗示, 是表结果的, 应该选用why, 因此得出答案。,15. (2011山东高考)Weve offered her the job, but I dont know . (accept) 我们已经给她提供了工作, 但是我不知道她是否会接受它。 答案: whether shell accept it。,热点考向 2 定语从句 . 主要考点 1. 定语从句关系词的选择。 2. 定语从句语序问题。 3. 定语从句时态和语态问题。 4. 定语从句主谓一致问题。,. 具体内容 1. which与that引导定语从句的区别,2. which与as引导非限制性定语从句的区别,3. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 (1)“介词+关系代词”的构成及用法,(2)“介词+关系代词”结构介词选用的三原则 一般来说, 确定关系代词前的介词, 可以从以下三方面入手: 先行词的意义; 从句中动词的固定搭配; 句子的意思。 (3)注意“介词+关系代词”的变式: 不定代词+介词+关系代词/the+名词+介词+关系代词/数词+介词+关系代词/the+形容词比较级(最高级)+介词+关系代词/介词+whose +名词/介词+ which +名词等。,(4)from where为“介词+关系副词”结构, 但也可以引导定语从句。 We stood at the top of the hill, from where we could see the town. 我们站在山顶, 从那里可以看到城镇。,4. 特殊定语从句 Great changes around us take place before our eyes every day to which we pay little attention. (分隔式定语从句, 先行词great changes与定语从句to which we pay little attention分隔) We must believe in ourselves, which, in my opinion, is the most important in our life. (插入式定语从句, 关系代词which与从句其他成分之间有插入语in my opinion),【真题变式】 1. (2012北京高考)When deeply absorbed in work, , he would forget all about eating or sleeping. (be) 当他集中精力工作时, 这种情况常有发生, 他总是废寝忘食。 答案: which he often was,2. (2012天津高考)I wish to thank Professor Smith, _ I would never have got this far. (help) 我真的感谢史密斯教授, 如果没有他的帮助, 我永远不会(在学术上)走得这么远的。 答案: without whose help,3. (2012上海高考)Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives gifts? (receive) 你把感谢信送给你收到他们礼物的亲戚了吗? 答案: from whom you received,4. (2012重庆高考)Sales director is a position_ just as important as sales. (be) 销售总监是一个职位, 在这个职位中, 交际能力和销售技巧同等重要。 答案: where communication ability is,5. (2012安徽高考)A lot of language learning, _ , is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period. (discover) 正如被发现的一样, 大量的语言学习发生在生命的头一年, 因此在那个阶段父母应该多和孩子交流。 答案: as has been discovered,6. (2012浙江高考)We live in an age with great ease than ever before. (available) 我们生活在一个比以前任何一个时候都能较轻松地获取更多信息的时代。 答案: when more information is available,7. (2012江苏高考)After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, , medicine and shelter to survive. (need) 洪水过后, 灾区的人们在遭受苦难, 他们急需洁净的饮用水、药品和住所以便生存。 答案: who urgently needed clean water,8. (2012江西高考)By 16: 30, , nearly all the paintings had been sold. (closing) 到16: 30截止时间时, 几乎所有的画都被出售了。 答案: which was almost closing time,9. (2012山东高考)Maria has written two novels,_ television series. (make) Maria写了两部小说, 两部都被拍成了电视连续剧。 答案: both of which have been made into,10. (2012陕西高考)It is the third time that she has won the race, . (surprise) 这是她第三次赢得比赛, 这让我们大家都很吃惊。 答案: which has surprised us all,11. (2012四川高考)In our class there are 46 students, glasses. (wear) 我们班有46位学生, 其中一半戴眼镜。 答案: of whom half wear/half of whom wear,热点考向 3 状语从句 . 主要考点 1. when, while和as引导的时间状语从句。 2. before和since引导的时间状语从句及句型。 3. 表示“一就”的时间状语从句及句型。 4. until与till引导的时间状语从句以及not until置于句首引起的倒装。 5. if, unless等引导的条件状语从句。 6. although, though, as, while, even if, even though, no matter+疑问词, 疑问词+ever, whether. . . or引导的让步状语从句。,. 具体内容 一、时间状语从句 (一)when, while与as引导的时间状语从句 1. when, while与as引导时间状语从句的区别,When they heard the news that Shenzhouhad been sent up into space successfully, they jumped with joy. 听到“神舟”十号成功发射的消息, 他们高兴地跳了起来。 While I was reading, he came in. 我正在看书时, 他进来了。 The students sang as they walked. 那些学生边走边唱。,2. while还可以作并列连词, 表示对比, 意为“而, 却”。 Liu Wang is from Shanxi while Liu Yang is from Henan. 刘旺来自山西, 而刘洋来自河南。,3. when也可以作并列连词, 意为“这时, 那时”。 常考句型: (1)sb. was doing sth. when. . . (2)sb. was about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth. when. . . (3)sb. had just done sth. when. . . We were having a meeting when he broke in. 当时我们正在开会, 他突然闯了进来。 I was about to go out when the telephone rang. 我正要出门, 这时电话响了。,(二)before与since引导的时间状语从句 1. before与since的常用句式,2. since引导的从句如果用非延续性动词, 所表示的是自从句谓语动作算起; 若用延续性动词或状态动词, 所表示的就是自动作或状态的完成或结束时算起。 Its two years since we arrived here. 我们到这儿两年了。 Its three years since he lived here. 他不住在这里有三年了。,(三)表示“一就”含义的词(短语)引导的时间状语从句 1. 引导时间状语从句, 且表示“一就”含义的词或短语有: as soon as, the moment, the minute, immediately, directly, hardly/scarcely. . . when, no sooner. . . than. . . 。 2. hardly/scarcely. . . when, no sooner. . . than. . . 中主句应用过去完成时, 从句应用一般过去时; 当no sooner. . . 和hardly/scarcely. . . 位于句首时, 主句要部分倒装。,(四)until与till引导的时间状语从句 1. until与till引导时间状语从句的区别 2. not until位于句首时, 主句要部分倒装。,(五)引导时间状语从句的其他常见连词(短语) 1. 其他常见的引导时间状语从句的连词(短语)还有: after, whenever, every time, each time, next time, the first/last time, any time, by the time, the day/year等。 Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us. 每当我们遇到困难, 他们就来帮忙。 2. by the time引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时时, 主句用将来完成时; by the time引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时时, 主句用过去完成时。,二、条件状语从句 1. 引导条件状语从句的常见从属连词有if, unless, as/so long as, in case(万一), once, on condition that, provided/ providing(that), supposing(that)等。 Youll fail the exam unless you study hard. 除非你努力学习, 否则你会考试不及格。 As long as you dont lose heart, you will succeed. 只要你不灰心, 你就会成功。 In case there is a fire, what will we do first? 万一发生火灾, 我们首先做什么?,2. 在条件状语从句中, 用一般现在时代替一般将来时, 一般过去时代替过去将来时。,三、让步状语从句 (一)although, though, as与while引导的让步状语从句 1. although引导让步状语从句时, 只能用正常语序; though引导让步状语从句时, 可用正常语序, 也可用倒装语序; as引导让步状语从句时只能用倒装语序, 即从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首, 若表语是单数名词, 前置时要省略冠词。,2. although与though都可以与yet, still, nevertheless连用, 但不能和but连用。 3. though还可以作副词, 意为“可是, 然而”, 置于句末。 Ive a bit of cold. It is nothing serious, though. 我有点感冒。不过不太严重。 4. while引导让步状语从句时, 一般置于句首。 While I admit that there are problems, I dont agree that they cannot be solved. 尽管我承认有问题存在, 但我不同意说这些问题不能解决。,(二)even if与even though引导的让步状语从句 1. even if与even though表示“即使, 纵然”, 有退一步设想的意味, 多用于书面语中。 2. even if与even though引导让步状语从句时, 可用虚拟语气, 也可以用陈述语气。 Ill do it, even if it takes me all the afternoon. 我要做这件事, 即使它将花去我整个下午的时间。 Even if I were in your place, I wouldnt take the job. 即使我处于你的位置, 我也不会接受这份工作。,(三)“no matter+疑问词”与“疑问词+ever”引导的让步状语从句 1. “no matter+疑问词”相当于“疑问词+ever”, 二者都可以引导让步状语从句。 Dont trust him, no matter what/whatever he says. 无论他说什么, 不要相信他。 2. whoever, whatever, whomever, whichever还可以引导名词性从句。 (四)whether. . . or. . . 引导的让步状语从句 Whether you believe it or not, it is true. 不管你相信与否, 那都是真的。,四、其他状语从句,【真题变式】 1. (2012湖南高考) I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A. (while) 尽管我总是觉得我会通过考试, 然而, 我从来不曾想过会得“A等”。 答案: While I always felt。,2. (2012湖南高考) , it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. (try) 不减少进食, 无论你怎么努力, 要减肥是困难的。 答案: However hard you try。,3. (2012上海高考)I have a tight budget for the trip, so Im not going to fly ticket prices. (lower) 我这次旅行预算很紧, 所以除非航空公司降低机票价格, 否则我是不会乘坐飞机的。 答案: unless the airlines lower。,4. (2012新课标全国卷)I dont believe weve met before, you do look familiar. (say) 尽管我必须承认你确实看起来面熟, 但我相信我们以前没见过面。 答案: although I must say。,5. (2012全国卷)I had hardly got to the office go back home at once. (phone) 我刚到办公室, 我妻子就给我打电话让我立刻回家。 答案: when my wife phoned me to。,6. (2012北京高考)Look at those clouds! Dont worry. , well still have a great time. (rain) 看那些云! 别担心。即使下雨, 我们仍然会玩得开心。 答案: Even if it rains。,7. (2012陕西高考) , we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey. (be) 尽管夜晚空气燥热, 我们仍然睡得很沉, 因为长途旅行之后我们太累了。 答案: Hot as the night air was。,8. (2012四川高考)If you happen to get lost in the wild, youd better stay and wait for help. (be) 如果你碰巧在野外迷路了, 你最好待在你当时所在的地方, 等待帮助。 答案: where you are。,9. (2012重庆高考)Coach, can I continue with the training? Sorry, you cant the knee injury. (recover) 教练, 我能继续训练吗? 抱歉, 你不能, 因为你膝盖受的伤还没有恢复。 答案: as you havent recovered from。,10. (2011辽宁高考) , it is not necessarily lifeless. (how) 无论沙漠多么干燥, 未必一定没有生命存在。 答案: No matter how dry a desert may be。,易错点 1 定语从句和名词性从句区分不清 1. The news is exciting. (pass) 他通过考试的消息令人振奋。 【解析】that he has passed the examination。考查同位语从句。that引导同位语从句, 在从句中不作句子成分, 补充说明同位语news的内容。,2. The news is that he has passed the examination. (excite) 令我们兴奋的消息是他通过了这次考试。 【解析】that/which excites us。考查定语从句。定语从句that/which excites us修饰The news, 而news又在定语从句中充当主语, 因此得出答案。,3. excited us. (pass) 他通过了这次考试令我们兴奋。 【解析】That he has passed the examination。考查名词性从句中的主语从句。根据语境得知句子谓语是excited, 宾语是us, 整个句子缺主语, 主语部分又是一个句子, 推断是主语从句, 而主语部分句意完整, 不缺少成分, 因此用只起连接作用的that引导主语从句。,【误区点拨】 同位语从句与定语从句的区别:,能接同位语从句的常见名词和短语有: idea, fact, news, belief, hope, evidence, opinion, problem, truth, answer, proposal, theory, decision, discovery, problem, thought, certainty, likelihood, on condition that, on the ground, with the exception, in spite of the fact, on the pretence等。,易错点 2 定语从句中关系代词as和which混淆 1. (2012福建高考)The air quality in the city,_ has improved over the past two months. (show) 正如报告中展示的那样, 这个城市的空气质量在过去的两个月已经有所改善。,【解析】as is shown in the report。考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。本句难点是定语从句位于句中, 把定语从句分割出来放在句首就很明了了, 把句子转换成 is shown in the report, the air quality in the city has improved over the past two months. 就能直接看出非限制性定语从句的引导词放在句首指的是下文所提到的一句话, 用as引导, 意思是正如报告中展示的那样。,2. (2012全国卷)That evening, _ about later, I ended up working very late. (tell) 那天晚上我工作到很晚, 以后我再告诉你更多那晚的情况。 【解析】which I will tell you more。考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。本句把非限制性定语从句放在句子中间, 先行词是句中的名词that evening, 作时间状语。which指的是that evening, 在定语从句中作about的宾语。,【误区点拨】 位置不同。as在句中位置灵活, 可位于主句之前、主句中间或主句之后。而which只能在主句之后。 指代不同。as指代整个主句, 而which除了指代整个主句外还可以指代主句中的某个部分。 翻译不同。as翻译成“正如”, 而which翻译成“这, 这一点”。,易错点 3 名词性从句引导词that与what混用 1. seems better than what we
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