基于 PLC 的多层停车场的研究与设计-外文文献

PLC-based control of multi-storey parking study and design1. Overview of parkingThe application of parking facilities for over 30 years history of the older better Japan South Korea Taiwan Germany is well knownChinas economy has experienced 30 years of rapid growth the quality of public life increasing demands quotCommunity Mapquot in the quotlinequotto a new level. Subsequent transport situation is tense Japan and Canada which includes both dynamic and static. As the city high-risebuildings built by the level of housing reform like parking shift from three-dimensional surface parking parking in a static traffic in thealready occupied an increasingly important position. Underground parking garage compared with the traditional in many ways is thefirst section shows the superiority of the advantages of the past underground garage vehicular access due Leave generous the average carwould occupy 40 square meters of area If using double-parking garage the ground can increase the utilization rate of 80 -90 if theuse of multi-floor 21 floor Three-dimensional garage then the land area of 50 square meters will be placed on the 40 vehicles that canto save land resources and reduce the cost of civil engineering development. For example the Indonesian Embassy in Beijing did notbuild multi-storey parking before the plane can only put five cars are now built three-dimensional lifting and after class garage can park13 cars the basic requirements to meet the Embassy . It is generally considered good prospects for parking equipment industry and hasbeen hailed as the 21st century one of the most popular industry.2. Lifting and transferring the concept garageParking equipment has provided a total of 9 categories: lifting and class PSH simple lifting class PJS vertical lifting type PCSthe vertical circulation category PCX flat mobile class PPY tunnel reactor stack class PXD multi-cycle class PDX the level ofcirculating type PSX vehicle lift PQS there are dozens of specifications can be applied to a different space site conditions is a highsecurity high reliability high efficiency of automation equipment. Especially in these types of lifting and 9 classes PSH parking mostwidely used. Used to set the rising and falling or sliding vehicle access to vehicles parking garage equipment category called lifting andgarage. Lifting and transferring garage modular design each unit can be designed as two three four five half-underground and othermeans the number of parking spaces from a few to hundreds. As the lifting and transferring the pattern classes more parking vary in sizestrong adaptability to the site therefore use of such equipment is common parking garage. Its working principle is: Each car parkingspaces are presented board set the required access to the vehicle by vehicle plate upward and downward sliding movement to reach theground floor the driver entered the garage access to vehicles complete the access process. The upper or lower parking spaces need totraverse the space through the middle layer will contain the vehicle plate up or down to ground level the pilot before entering the garageor out a car into the garage. 3. Three lifting and transferring parking systemLifting and transferring parking garage is a typical cross-disciplinary integration of mechanical and electrical products mechanicalassembly electronics information technology in one. Lifting and transferring parking mainly by the steel parts car panels containing partthe transmission system control system security system five components shown in Figure 2. Three mechanical parking equipment islifting and machinery of a type of parking equipment this type of garage equipment in the middle of each layer the ground floor are toremain free parking ground floor only do sliding movement on the ground while doing Traversing the second floor done-and-downmovement the ground layer only do Movement. Run-time ground floor direct access to cars on the floor the second floor accessvehicles need to correspond through the ground floor containing the car sliding to the space station the lift reached the ground floor toachieve the ground three car access is required the second floor by floor the ground floor of loading corresponding to the space stationafter traversing the same time lift reaches the ground layer. The movement of general principles: down reset translation is not reset.Parking parking required by the user specification and design automatic and manual operation mode of two points can be switched onand off during normal operation in the garage to use automated means in equipment maintenance and debugging can be used manually.Both automatic and manually controlled by PLC programmable controller so devices can guarantee the safe operation of any manner.Equipment There are several safety devices to ensure safety of people and vehicles such as anti-fall safety devices limit and preventexcessive volume device Automatic power-off braking device the wrong break phase protection.3.1 The main frame partActual projects: Beijing Indonesia Embassy lifting and transferring class parking equipment overall structure simple generous givepeople lightweight sprightly feeling. Main steel structure uses H steel channel steel plate welding molding use bolt connectedframework struture strength and stiffness. Order steel part appearance beautiful and anti corrosion antirust ability steel some paintingbefore adopted mechanical derusting processing so parking equipment overall surface protective level reached higher grade. In additionthe second set of equipment can be assembled and combined can be installed to ensure reliable quality favorable transport and reducingon-site installation time.3.2 Car plates containingSet car plates are used to carry inventory of vehicles. Set car plates from the 2.3mm of galvanized sheet bending forming aroundedge girder 4.5mm of galvanized sheet bending forming. Edge beam and set vehicles with no plate bolt connection set car plates toensure rigidity and strength. Resistance of loading plate with vehicle and stopper.3.3 Drive SystemParking equipment drive system uses chain or rope traction drive transmission. The car parking facilities containing the upper plate bythe lift motor gear driven by a chain-driven roller then roll through the rope-driven movements of loading plate. Two-story framestructure with sliding respectively each sliding frame with lifting and sliding the two motors both frame by sliding the track traversemotor can also be set through the lifting motor vehicles to reach the rising and falling ground level achieving access to cars. Thetransmission mode compared with other methods has run a smooth safe and reliable maintenance and convenient while itsenvironmental performance is also superior to the other drive. The lower plate by a motor vehicle containing reducer to walk through thechain drive wheel drive along the traverse track movement. Drive motor assembly gear reducer motor and brake as a whole small sizelight weight low noise using long-term grease stable and reliable performance long life long-term maintenance-free quality superior.3.4 Control SystemControl the main control object is sliding down a small motor and large motor vehicles to make them according to the requirementsof access to use button operation to achieve power by changing the phase sequence of loading platform to achieve the right and left or upand down. Second to control various auxiliary devices within the garage such as: light and its various security facilities. To ensure theboard can traverse and set cars up or down to the specified location using a limit switch positioning. To determine whether the board ofloading vehicles using optical switches. General small garage can use button operations can also use touch screen operation. All inputand output switching capacity of lifting and transferring garage circuit is simple less demanding on the environment with itsanti-interference ability of PLC and isolation transformers can meet the requirements it may no longer have an additionalanti-interference measures in other so that the exact garage system can orderly work.Core part of the control system PLC control PLC has strong anti-interference strong stability system reliability modularity and otherstructural features. The control system is the set of mechanical parking control system applicable in the area. The control system detects adevice with high sensitivity and accuracy and reliability of work and feedback in a timely manner.Contactor output unit is sensitive reliable advanced technology easy maintenance overload and short circuit protection complete links.The control system of the host PLC contactors circuit breakers trip switches buttons photoelectric switches and other key componentsusing the Japanese Fuji Mitsubishi LG and other imported electronic components.3.5 Operating systemOperating manual for the button box or touch screen operation. Usually mechanical parking spaces on both fixed number the depositTake vehicles a layer of vehicle operation without the need for control box drivers can be entered directly into the vehicle or out ofloading platform to access the vehicles purpose three-in access to vehicles first of all the operator select the number of parking spacesAfter confirmation press the corresponding buttons start the corresponding transmission PLC program can automatically make theselected audience of loading the corresponding three-layer layer ground floor and out of cars and first to the left or to the the rightmove to stay out of space and then three-set car plate fell to the ground through the transmission layer so as to achieve the purpose ofaccess to vehicles. Similarly the second floor in the access to vehicles first select the same number of parking spaces confirmation andthen press the appropriate buttons to start the corresponding transmission PLC program can automatically select the second floor of thecar plate containing a layer under the corresponding ground floor and out of cars first to the left or right to stay out of space and thenthe second floor of loading plate through the transmission fell to the ground floor so as to achieve the purpose of access to vehicles.Deposit car or pick up the car after pressing the confirm button car automatic reset wait for the next operation command. Need manualoperation can be combined into a manual button to move the operation that is hold down the button and equipment operation releasethe button device to stop step by step operation is complete access to vehicles.3.6 Safety SystemWith power phase phase and phase sequence protection time delay anti-people foreign body mistakenly entered the infrared detectiondevices vehicle location prevent the fall of loading plate device emergency stop devices.4. Conclusion and OutlookA programmable controller as lifting and transferring control of the garage the core unit which is taken into account a variety ofobjective factors of the case put forward. Programmable controller with its good control performance small size powerful shortdevelopment cycle and the characteristics of strong anti-interference is widely used in the garage of the control system. Centralizedparking many advanced modern technology high-tech garage which lifting and transferring convenient parking garage access speedgarage flexible structure low cost has become in the future parking the main form of development. If the PC-PC as the control systemthrough flexible friendly interface to Internet as an information channel can be realized on the parking garage remote network controland management.