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111Learning Guide to Grammar of Module 4Great Scientistu Learning aims: 1. To review the passive voice. 2. To understand the structure of “by + -ing” formu Important and difficult points: 1. The tense of passive voice in the sentence. 2. The use of “by + -ing” form.u Teaching procedures:u Step one: The Passive Voice1.Definition: 语态（voice）是动词的一种形式，用以表示_和_之间的关系，英语动词有_和_两种语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的_。被动语态表示主语是动作的_。(承受者Or执行者)2.被动语态的结构：_.e.g.我们必须好好照顾这些孩子。_.这些孩子必须被好好照顾。_.3. 时态 被动语态构成一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时4.用所给动词的正确形式填空。1. He promised that the news_(send) to the soldiers mother as soon as it _(arrive).2.It_(prove) that every substance , no matter what it is,_(make) up of atoms.3.As I explained on the phone, your request _(consider)at the next meeting.4.By _(get) up early, I can have an hour for reading English in the morning.5.-I _(ask) to a party, but Ive got nothing _(wear).-Why dont you have a dress made for the party? Step two: by + -ing form1. by prep. 表示行为的主语，表示方法、手段或所用的工具，后面接动名词作宾语，构成by + -ing form。e.g. He makes a living by begging from door to door._. 2. by+交通工具表示方式，前不加冠词，但指特定之物时则必须加冠词。e.g. 我乘公共汽车上学。_.他做十点半的火车走了。_.3. 翻译句子：He thought there was only one way to do this -by crossing different species of rice plant.你可以通过尽可能多的练习来提高口语。_他通过努力通过了考试。_. Step Three: exercises 1. to say a thing in that way. A. It is considers wrong B. It is considered wrong C. It is considered its wrong D. It is considering wrong2. He ordered that the books at once. A. would be printed B. would print C. be printed D. print3. The story in China. A. was taken place B. was place C. took place D. has been taken place 4. The house my parents. A. is belong to B. belong to C. belongs to D. is belonged to 5. He by his teacher. A. happened to see B. was happened to seeC. happened to be seen D. was happened to be seen6. The sports meeting . A. is put off B. is to put off C. is to be put off D. puts off 7. Mary realized she . A. was making fun of B. was made fun C. was being made fun of D. was being made fun 8. Our house . A. is getting paint B. is getting painted C. is got painted D. has got paint9. The meeting tomorrow is very important. A. to broken out B. had been broken out C. has broken out D. broke out 10. The war in 1937. A. was broken out B. had been broken out C. has broken out D. broke out 11. The mistakes in the exercises will the teacher. A. cross B. be crossing C. be crossed by D. cross by12. My brother and I have her birthday party. A. been invited B. been invited party C. invited to D. been invited to 13. It this way. A. is has to do B. is had to be done C. had to be done D. has to do14. It this way. A. used to do B. used to be done C. is used to do D. is used to doing15. It was lucky of him to escape by the falling tree in the storm. A. injured B. to be injured C. being injured D. injuring111
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