高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解21

河南省上蔡县2017高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。【2014高考英语考试大纲调研卷二模试题】Bees add an estimated eighteen billion dollars a year to the value of American crops. They pollinate (授粉)flowers that become fruits, nuts and vegetables. But, in recent years, honeybee colonies in the United States and Europe have been shrinking. Scientists have proposed different theories to explain what is known as colony collapse disorder.New research suggests that a commonly used group of insecticide (杀虫剂)could cause bees to have a hard time finding their way back to their hive. The new research looks at the use of pesticides called neonicotinoids. They were first used in the 1990s. They are now put on the seeds of many major crops around the world. The seedlings absorb the chemical as they grow. That means farmers do not need to spray a whole field. Instead there is a little bit of insecticide inside each plant including the pollen (花粉)and the nectar(花蜜)that the bees want. There is not enough pesticide to kill them. But the new research in the journal Science says it may harm them anyway.Researchers stuck microchips to the backs of the bees. These chips recorded the bees movements as they came and went from their hive. The scientists fed some bees sugar water with a low dose of a neonicotinoid. The study found that these bees were about twice as likely not to return as other bees.Dave Goulson at the University of Sterling in Britain worked on another study published in Science. He says the pesticides could help explain why bumblebee populations are also decreasing.Bayer CropScience makes neonicotinoid pesticides. The companys spokesman Jack Boyne disputed the findings. He also notes that researchers are studying other factors that could affect the bees population. These include parasites, diseases and stress caused by transporting beehives to farms. Some European countries have banned the pesticides. And there are growing calls to ban them in the United States as well.67. The underlined word shrinking in Paragraph 1 most probably means _.A. increasing B. decreasingC. disappearingD.continuing68. Why were microchips tied to the backs of the bees?A. To record how much honey the bees produce.B. To test how the bees react to the microchips.C. To find if the insecticide affects the bees population.D. To keep track of the bees movements.69. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that_.A. the pesticides have been forbidden to use in all European countriesB. Bayer CropScience agrees that the pesticides affect the bees populationC. transporting beehives to farms can surely have an effect on beesD. the use of pesticides is likely to be banned in more countries70. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Relationship between pesticides and bees.B. Honeybee colony collapse disorder.C. New findings about the reduction of bees.D. Pesticides that kill bees must be banned.【解题导语】这是一篇科普说明文。最新研究表明杀虫剂的使用是导致蜜蜂数量减少的罪魁祸首。【长难句解读】 New research suggests that a commonly used group of insecticide (杀虫剂)could cause bees to have a hard time finding their way back to their hive.分析：这是一个主从复合句。that引导宾语从句；to have a hard finding their way back to their hive是不定式短语作宾语补足语。译文:新的研究表明，一组常用的杀虫剂有可能导致蜜蜂很难找到回蜂巢的路。67. B【命题意图】考查词义猜测。【解题思路】依据本句中转折连词But和下文的colony collapse disorder可知，蜜蜂对美国的农作物有重要作用，但是最近几年蜜蜂蜂群数量一直在下降。因此选B。68. C【命题意图】考查细节理解。【解题思路】依据第三段中的These chips recorded the bees movements as they came and went from their hive.可推知，这样做的主要目的是记录蜜蜂往返于蜂房的活动规律，进一步推断杀虫剂是否影响其活动规律。69. D【命题意图】考查推理判断。【解题思路】由最后一段的内容可知，欧洲一些国家已经禁止使用杀虫剂，美国禁用杀虫剂的呼声也越来越高，因此可推知可能会有更多的国家禁用杀虫剂。70. C【命题意图】考查主旨大意。【解题思路】本文是一篇科普说明文，主要说的是最新研究发现蜜蜂蜂群近年数量下降，故选C。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A recent study, while showing a generally positive attitude toward science, also suggests a widespread worry that it may be “running out of control”. This idea is dangerous. Science can be a force for evil as well as for good. Its applications can be channeled either way, depending on our decisions. The decisions we make, personally or collectively, will determine the outcomes of science. But here is a real danger. Science is advancing so fast and is so strongly influenced by businesses that we are likely to believe whatever decisions we come to will make little difference. And, rather than fighting for the best possible policies, we may step back and do nothing. Some people go even further. They say that despite the moral and legal objections(反对), whatever is scientifically possible will be donesomewhere, sometime. They believe that science will get out of control in the end. This belief is dangerous too, because it fuels a sense of hopelessness and discourages then from making efforts to build a safer world. In our interconnected world, the lack of agreement in and out of the world of science can lead to the failure to control the use of science. Without a common understanding, the challenges of “controlling” science in this century will be really tough. Take human cloning for example. Despite the general agreement among scientists on its possible huge impact(影响) on traditional moral values, some countries still go ahead with the research and development of its related techniques. The outcomes are hard to predict. Therefore, discussions on how science is applied should be extended far beyond scientific societies. Only through the united efforts of people with hope, can we be fully safe against the misuse of science and can science best serve mankind in the future. 1. What can we conclude from the recent study? A. People think highly of science. B. People hold mixed opinions about science. C. Science is getting dangerously out of control. D. Science is used for both good and bad purposes. 2. According to the passage, what will happen if we hold that science is getting beyond control? A. The development of science will hopelessly slow down. B. Businesses will have even greater influence on science. C. The public will lose faith in bringing about a bright future. D. People will work more actively to put science under control. 3. The discussion should reach beyond scientific societies because.A. scientists have failed to predict the outcomesB. the ties between different areas need strengtheningC. united efforts are necessary for the development of scienceD. people need to work together to prevent the bad use of science4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Science and its applications bring us many dangers. B. The development of science mostly lies in peoples attitudes. C. Mankind can largely take control of science with their efforts. D. The future of science will be influenced by the dangerous ideas. 【参考答案】1-4 BCDB阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。【2014高考英语模拟试题】Get a FREE YEAR! Order NOW and get a FREE YEAR of Parents magazine! Thats 2 full years (24 issues) for the regular 1-year rate - just $12. But HURRY, this offer wont last! (U.S. orders only, please.)Every issue of PARENTS is filled with practical advice from leading doctors and child experts . toys and games that develop reader - tested products and more!100% Money-Back Guarantee: You must be pleased, or you may cancel any time during the life of your subscription(订阅) and get all your money back - no questions asked. Parents Magazine is published 12 times per year. Savings are based on $12.00 annual subscription rate. State taxes may apply to your order.E-mail address required to access your account and member benefits online. We will not share your e-mail address with anyone.72. The purpose of the advertisement is _.A. to help parents with their daily life B. to collect more money for charityC. to attract more subscribersD. to introduce a new product73. Which of the following is TRUE according to the ad?A. Only $12 is to be paid for 24 issues of the magazine.B. Readers can get a free offer of the magazine any time of the year.C. Readers from all over the world can enjoy the free offer.D. Readers can communicate face to face with child experts on the Internet.74. Where can we most probably read the ad?A. In the newspaper.B. In a website.C. In a supermarket.D. In a library.75. A reader subscribed PARENTS 3 months ago, but now he finds the magazine dissatisfying. What can he do?A. He can cancel without getting his money back.B. He can cancel after answering a series of questions.C. He can email them to access his bank account to get all your money back.D. He can cancel and get all his money back without answering any questions.【参考答案】72-75: CABD【2014高考英语四川省凉山州一模试题】C GONE WITH THE WIND Author; Margaret Mitchell 25 (in bookstores) 18 (online) Gone With the Wind is a best-seller, which tells a story that happened in the AmericanCivil War. Scarlett OHara is a woman in the story who is full of energy. She is strong andsaves her family but is very selfish at the same time. A LITTLE PRINCESS Author：Frances Hodgson Burnett 18.3 (online) Motherless Sara Crewe was sent home from India to school at Miss Minchins. Herfather was very rich and she lived a rich and comfortable life. Then her father died andSara lost everything. She had to learn to do with her changed life. Her strong charactermade her able to fight successfully against her poverty and the scorn（嘲笑）of her fellows.Its an excellent book with 4 tapes for children. PETERPAN Author; J. M. Barrie 15 (in bookstores) 12 (online) It is a children，story full of imagination and adventures,which is about Wendy，John,and Michael Darlings adventures in Never-Never Land with Peter Pan,the boy who wouldnot grow up. The children are happy and lovely. (with 2 tapes) UNCLE TOMS CABIN Author; Harriet Beecher Stowe 20 (in bookstores) The most famous novel in American history, Uncle Toms Cabin talked about thestruggle between free states and slave states during the American Civil War and is aspowerful today as when it first came out 150 years ago. THE SECRET GARDEN Author; Frances Hodgson Bumett 35 (in bookstores) 30 (online) Mary Lennox, a sickly orphan（孤儿），finds herself in her uncles dark house. Why are somany moms locked? Why is one of the gardens locked? And what is that crying she hears atnight? Thmugh the power of hope, friendship, and the magic of nature, the brave girl brings thehouse and a long-lost garden back to life39. All of the following books have children as their main characters EXCEPT A. PETER P、N B. GONE WITH THE WIND C. ALrrrLE PRINCESS D. THE SECRET G、RDE40. We can know from the text that A. there are three books about American Civil War B. we can buy any of the above books either in bookstores or online C. two of the above books were written by Frances Hodgson Bumett D. THE SECRET GARDEN is 5 cheaper in bookstores than online41Mary brings the house and a long-lost garden back to life with the help of一一一一一 . the power of hope b. friendship c. her uncle d. natures magic A. a, b, c B. a, c, d C. b, c, d D. a, b, d42. Which of the following about the books is mentioned in this text? A. What caused his fathers death. B. Why Peter Pan wouldnt grow up C. What kind of woman Scarlett is. D. How Marry Lennox came into her uncles house.【参考答案】3940、BC 4142、DC 【2014高考英语四川省凉山州一模试题】D There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. Peoplehave generally viewed personal growth as an external(外部的）result or product that can easily beidentified and measured. The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, theforeigner who learns a new language-all these are examples of people who have measurableresults to show for their efforts By contrast, the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since bydefinition it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way. The process isnot the road itself, but rather the attitudes and feelings people have, their caution or courage, asthey go through new experiences and unexpected obstacles. In this process, the journey neverreally ends; there are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challengesto accept. In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to befaced with the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they may fail at fist. How we seeourselves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow. These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are tochange and grow. If we do not face and overcome these internal fears and doubts, if we protectourselves too much, then we cease to grow. We become trapped inside a shell of our own making43. A person is generally believed to achieve personal growth when he_A. has been admitted into a key university B. has made great efforts in his workC. is interested in making anything new D. has tried to determine where he is on his journey44. In the authors eyes, one who views personal growth as a process would A. judge his ability to grow from his own achievements B. succeed in climbing up the social ladder C. face difficulties and take up challenges D. aim high and reach his goal each time45. Whats the meaning of the underlined word cease in paragraph 4? A. continue B. stop C. promote D. adapt46. For personal growth, the author may not support_ A. curiosity and more chances B. being quick in self-adaptation C. open-minded to new experiences D. avoidance of internal fears and doubts【参考答案】4345、ACB