《初三短文填空》PPT课件.ppt

第6讲短文填空,短文填空是2012年广东中考出现的一个新题型，其特点是在一篇短文中留出10个空(首句不设空)，要求考生根据短文的内容以及上下文的意思，在空白处填入意思、语法都正确的单词，一空只能填一个词(有些空的答案可能不是唯一的)。短文的题材很广泛，可以是故事、文化习俗、科普小品、体育等，考试一般会选取考生比较熟悉的材料。,短文填空是中考中一个难度比较大的题型。它所涉及的知识面广，灵活性高，综合性也很强。它不仅考查考生在词汇、语法和习惯用法等方面的基础知识，还考查理解、推导、分析等综合能力。从表面上看是考查考生对单词的辨认能力，而实质上既考查了考生掌握单词的数量及准确性，又考查了他们对句子上下文以及词义的理解和判断能力，由此考查学生的知识记忆与再现能力。,1跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。,解题时先跳过空格，通读短文填空的短文，了解全篇的内容和要旨。要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。2复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。,(1)把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义。(2)根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。,动词：注意动词短语固定搭配、时态、语态、主谓一致、,谓语与非谓语动词等；,名词：注意名词的单复数及名词的所有格形式；,形容词：注意固定搭配、比较级和最高级形式及构词规,则；,副词：注意插入语、比较级和最高级形式，关注句与句,之间的连贯性；,连词、关系词：注意状语从句、定语从句等在语篇中的,运用；,代词：关注上下文，注意代词的前后照应关系；,介词、冠词：注意习惯用法。,如果所填的词在句首，注意首字母要大写。3三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。,在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上、下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。,(一),2012年广东省初中毕业生学业考试样题,请用适当的词完成这张明信片，每空只能填写一个词。DearKarl，,Imnowsittinginthechairinthegardenofahousenearasmallvillage.Im(71)_afternoonteawithmyfamilyhere.,enjoying/having/drinking,Iarrivedherethreedays(72)_withmydad,mymomandsomefriends.Wewillbeonholidaytogetherhere(73)_twoweeks.Itisaquietandniceplace.Thehillsareverynear(74)_house.Itiscoolhere,andtheairis(75)_.Thetreesaroundthehousearegreen,andtheflowerssmellnice.(76)_aremanythingswecandohere.Yesterday,wewalkedaroundthevillagetosayhello(77)_thevillagers,andtooklotsof(78)_withthem.Thesepictureswillhelpusremembereverythinghere.Tomorrowwearegoingto(79)_thehills.Fromthetopofthehills,thevillagemaylookmorebeautiful.Itsapityyoudidntcomewith(80)_.,LovePeter,ago,for,the,clean/fresh,There,to,pictures/photos,climb,us/me,(二),2011年广东省初中毕业生学业考试,LiMingisamiddleschoolstudent.His15thbirthdayiscomingon(71)_3rd.Oneday,LiMingwalkedpasttheshoeshopatthestreetcorner.Onceagain,hestoppedtolookattheshop(72)_.Hefelthappytoseetheshoesthathewantedverymuchwerestillthere.Hereallywantedtohave(73)_forhisbirthday.Lookingdownathisoldshoes,hefeltsorryforhimself.,July,window,them,Hesadlywalkedawayandthought(74)_totellhismotheraboutit.Heknewshewouldgivehim(75)_helikedifshecould.Buthealsoknewverywellshehadlittlemoney,forthat￥1299-NikeShoes.He(76)_nottogohomeatonce,ashedidntwanttoupsethismother.Sohewenttotheparkandsatonthe(77)_.Therehesawagirlinawheelchair.Henoticedthatthegirl(78)_thewheelwithherhands.LiMingwatchedhercarefullyandwas(79)_tofindthatthegirlhadnofeet.Helookedathisownfeet.“Itsmuch(80)_tobewithoutshoesthanwithoutfeet.”hethought.Therewasnoreasonforhimtofeelsosorryandsad.Hewentawayandsmiled,thinkinghewasluckier.,how,anything/everything,decided,grass/ground,moved/pushed,surprised,better,(三)2010年广东省初中毕业生学业考试OnedaywhenMr.Kongwaswalkinginthe(71)_,hesawMissLan,afriendofhis,sittinginabench(长椅)withadog,(72)_her.,park,beside/near,sit,Kongwalkeduptoherandsaid,“Hello,MissLan,howareyou?MayI(73)_downandtalkwithyouforawhile？”,“Ofcourse,”Lansaid.Kongsatdownnexttoherandthey(74)_happilytogether.ThedogwaslookingupatLan,as,ifwaitingtobefed.,talked,hungry,“Thatsanicedog,”Kongsaid.“Yes,hesstrongandhealthy.”,“Andhes(75)_now,”Kongsaid,“Hehasnttaken,hiseyesoffyou.Hethinksyouvegotsomefoodforhim.”,Lansaid,“ButIhavent.”,friends/persons/people,Thetwo(76)_laughedandthenKongsaid,“Doesyourdogbite(咬)？”,“No,”shesaid,“Hehas(77)_bittenanyone.”Whenheheardthis,Kongputouthisleft(78)_andtouchedtheanimalshead.It(79)_upatonceandbithim.“Hey！”Kongshouted,“Yousaidhedidntbite.”“No,Ididnt,”Lanreplied,“Butthatsnotmydog.(80)_isathome.”,hand,jumped,Mine,never/not,