2022年考博英语-山西大学考前模拟强化练习题30（附答案详解）

2022年考博英语-山西大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Into her nineties, her thinking（ ）acute and her character forceful.问题1选项A.remainedB.retainedC.maintainedD.contained【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项remained “保持”；B选项retained “保存”；C选项maintained “维护”；D选项contained “包含”。句意：虽已年届九旬，她（ ）头脑敏锐，个性很强。题干的意思是虽然她年纪很大了，但还是保持清晰的头脑，因此A选项正确。2. 单选题What is a lifestyle and how is that different from a life? A lifestyle is about brand（1）and buying identity or fame. Lifestyle gives a（2）of peace and acceptability that comes from others recognizing what youve bought. If your car and clothes are expensive, then you receive the superficial（3）of others.A life,（4）is very different. A life is what you lead when you know what（5）most to you. Your self-esteem comes from whats inside you. It comes from being connected to what you know is important, and being（6）to put that first no matter what others may think.How many times have you seen someone work（7）hours in a job that they do not enjoy just to be able to （8）an expensive lifestyle? There was a recent commercial on TV that showed a man laughing in his yard saying: “I drive an expensive car, have a 5 bedroom home, a country club membership, a swimming pool and Im in debt（9）my eyeballs！”Lifestyle is expensive because it（10）a great deal to do what you think is socially（11）. A life is not expensive. Rather than（12）personal or financial resources, a life generates（13）and power. This is not an issue of（14）luxury for its own sake; its about liberating yourself from the（15）consumption that society dictates. It is about making the choices that are （16）your values.How can you make the change? Understand the（17）between a Life (being directed from within) and a Lifestyle (being directed from outside). Analyze your current lifestyle to see（18）is costing you in money, time and energy to keep it. Let go and（19）what is really important to you, what（20）you and brings you joy. Remember who you are from within, not what you own!问题1选项A.symbolsB.titlesC.namesD.labels问题2选项A.senseB.reasonC.statusD.case问题3选项A.jealousyB.criticismC.gratitudeD.approval问题4选项A.in other wordsB.at the same timeC.as a resultD.on the other hand问题5选项A.refersB.mattersC.holdsD.works问题6选项A.generousB.relievedC.willingD.grateful问题7选项A.limitedB.onlyC.longD.fair问题8选项A.maintainB.appreciateC.tolerateD.reform问题9选项A.up toB.equal toC.down toD.relevant to问题10选项A.meansB.spendsC.provesD.costs问题11选项A.believableB.reliableC.comfortableD.acceptable问题12选项A.collectingB.drainingC.dismissingD.spreading问题13选项A.kindnessB.knowledgeC.energyD.beauty问题14选项A.buyingB.losingC.avoidingD.counting问题15选项A.mindlessB.effortlessC.selflessD.careless问题16选项A.in line withB.in comparison withC.in contrast withD.in touch with问题17选项A.balanceB.spaceC.differenceD.connection问题18选项A.whenB.whyC.thatD.what问题19选项A.make up forB.make use ofC.make peace withD.make room for问题20选项A.sustainsB.detainsC.obtainsD.contains【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:D第4题:D第5题:B第6题:C第7题:C第8题:A第9题:A第10题:D第11题:D第12题:B第13题:C第14题:C第15题:A第16题:A第17题:C第18题:D第19题:D第20题:A【解析】1.考查名词辨析。A选项symbols“符号；标志”；B选项titles“主题；标题”；C选项names“名字；名望”；D选项labels“标签；标记”。句意：生活方式是关于品牌（ ）和换取身份或名声。根据第一段第三句peace and acceptability that comes from others recognizing what youve bought（别人认可你买的东西带来的平静和被接纳），可知横线指的是brand“品牌”带来的好处，故names“名望”符合题意。因此C选项正确。2.考查名词辨析。A选项sense“感觉；道理”；B选项reason“理由”；C选项status“地位；状态；情形”；D选项case“情况；实例”。句意：生活方式给人一种的平静和被接纳的虚假（ ），这种（ ）来自于别人认可你所买的东西。平静是一种感觉，所以sense“感觉”符合语境。因此A选项正确。3.考查名词辨析。A选项jealousy“妒嫉；猜忌；戒备”；B选项criticism“批评；考证；苛求”；C选项gratitude“感激”；D选项approval“批准；认可；赞同”。句意：如果你的车和衣服很贵，那么你只会得到别人表面上的（ ）。联系上文语境别人认可你买的东西，可知这里指的是approval“认可；赞同”；或者说上文提到品牌换取名声，可知这里指的是正向的感觉。因此D选项正确。4.考查词组辨析。A选项in other words“换句话说”；B选项at the same time“同时”；C选项as a result“结果”；D选项on the other hand“另一方面”。句意：（ ），生活不一样。上文说到生活方式是怎样的，这里说生活和生活方式不同，下文点出两者的不同，推测这里表示转折，on the other hand“另一方面”符合语境。因此D选项正确。5.考查动词辨析。A选项refers“参考，指的是”；B选项matters“要紧”；C选项holds“把握；保存”；D选项works“奏效；工作”。句意：生活就是当你知道什么对你（ ）的时候，你所过的生活。根据语境，下文说到把自己认为最重要的放在首位，而不管别人的想法，可知这里指的是什么对自己是最重要的，matters“要紧”符合题意。因此B选项正确。6.考查形容词辨析。A选项generous“慷慨的；宽宏大量的”；B选项relieved“感到宽慰的；放心的”；C选项willing“乐意的，自愿的”；D选项grateful“感激的；愉快的”。句意：无论别人怎么想，都（ ）把自己的想法放在首位。根据语境，这里指的是坚定的坚持自己认为重要的东西，所以willing“乐意的，自愿的”符合题意。因此C选项正确。7.考查形容词辨析。A选项limited“有限的”；B选项only“仅有的；最好的”；C选项long“长时间的；远的”；D选项fair“公平的；相当好的”。句意：你有多少次看到有人仅仅为了维持生活方式，在他们不喜欢的工作上花费（ ）小时？根据语境，这里指的是为了得到钱而在不喜欢的工作上花费很长时间，long“长时间的”符合题意。因此C选项正确。8.考查动词辨析。A选项maintain“维持；维修；主张”；B选项appreciate“欣赏；感激；领会”；C选项tolerate“忍受；默许；宽恕”；D选项reform“改革；重组；改过自新”。句意：仅仅为了（ ）昂贵的生活方式。maintain“维持”和lifestyle“生活方式”搭配比较合理。因此A选项正确。9.考查固定搭配。A选项up to my eyeballs“深陷困境”；B选项equal to“等于；胜任”；C选项down to“以至”；D选项relevant to“有关的”。句意：我深陷困境（负债累累）。因此A选项正确。10.考查动词辨析。A选项means“意味着”；B选项spends“花费”，sb. spend sth. on doing sth.；C选项proves“证明”；D选项costs“花费”it costs sb. sth. to do sth.。句意：生活方式很昂贵，因为你要（ ）很多去做。根据语境，可知这里指要花很多钱，根据两个花费的不同用法确定选D。因此D选项正确。11.考查形容词辨析。A选项believable“可信的”；B选项reliable“可靠的”；C选项comfortable“舒服的”；D选项acceptable“可接受的”。句意：花很多钱做你认为社会（ ）的事情。根据这里的语境，这里填acceptable“可接受的”比较合理，而且上文说到生活方式给人虚假的被接受的感觉。因此D选项正确。12.考查动词辨析。A选项collecting“收集”；B选项draining“使枯竭；排水；使疲惫的”；C选项dismissing“摒弃”；D选项spreading“传播；摊开”。句意：生命不是（ ）个人或经济资源，而是产生和力量。根据句意，可知横线上的是和generates“产生”相反意思的词，draining“使枯竭”符合题意。因此B选项正确。13.考查名词辨析。A选项kindness“仁慈，善意”；B选项knowledge“知识”；C选项energy“能量；活力”；D选项beauty“美丽”。句意：生命不是耗竭个人或经济资源，而是产生（ ）和力量。根据句意可知，横线里的词是和resources“资源”相似的词，energy“能量；活力”符合题意。因此C选项正确。14.考查动词辨析。A选项buying“购买”；B选项losing“失去”；C选项avoiding“避免”；D选项counting“计算”。句意：这不仅仅是纯粹（ ）奢侈品而已。下一句说到而是把你从社会支配的消费中解放出来，推测这里指的是不买奢侈品，avoiding“避免”符合题意。因此C选项正确。15.考查形容词辨析。A选项mindless“盲目的；不合理的”；B选项effortless“容易的；天生的”；C选项selfless“无私的”；D选项careless“粗心的；无忧无虑的”。句意：这是关于把你从社会支配的（ ）消费中解放出来。根据语境，mindless“盲目的”搭配consumption“消费”比较合理。因此A选项正确。16.考查词组辨析。A选项in line with“符合”；B选项in comparison with“相比之下”；C选项in contrast with“形成对比”；D选项in touch with“有联系”。句意：它是关于做出（ ）你价值观的选择。根据语境，in line with“符合”搭配values“价值观”比较合理。因此A选项正确。17.考查名词辨析。A选项balance“平衡”；B选项space“空间”；C选项difference“区别”；D选项connection“关联”。句意：理解生活（由内部指导）和生活方式（由外部指导）之间的（ ）。文章一直在说生活是怎样的，生活方式是怎样的，强调两者的区别，所以difference“区别”符合题意。因此C选项正确。18.考查词义辨析。A选项when“什么时候”；B选项why“为什么”；C选项that“那个”；D选项what“是什么”。句意：分析一下你现在的生活方式，看看（ ）花费你的金钱、时间和精力来维持这种生活方式。根据语境，可知what“是什么”比较符合题意。因此D选项正确。19.考查词组辨析。A选项make up for“弥补”；B选项make use of“利用”；C选项make peace with“讲和”；D选项make room for“让出地方”。句意：放手吧，（ ）那些对你真正重要的东西。根据上文，这里的放手指的是放下对自己不重要的东西，好为对自己真正重要的东西留位置，所以make room for“让出地方”符合题意。因此D选项正确。20.考查介词辨析。A选项sustains“支持；保持”；B选项detains“拘留；耽搁”；C选项obtains“获得”；D选项contains“容纳；控制”。句意：那些对你真正重要的，（ ）你的，给你带来快乐的东西。根据语境，这里填sustains“支持；保持”比较符合题意。因此A选项正确。3. 单选题Were extremely interested in the source of these（ ）rumors.问题1选项A.salientB.fictitiousC.asceticD.indelible【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项salient“显著的；最重要的”；B选项fictitious“虚假的”；C选项ascetic“清苦的，苦行的”；D选项indelible“无法忘记的，不可磨灭的”。句意：我们对这些（ ）谣言从何而来非常感兴趣。既然是rumors“谣言”，很多人会不假思索地相信，就不至于salient“显著的；最重要的”，fictitious“虚假的”比较符合生活实际。因此B选项正确。4. 单选题Sharks have an undeserved reputation for being bloodthirsty killers that routinely make snacks out of tourists. Although the risk of getting eaten by a shark is extremely small, the same cannot be said for underwater fiber-optic cables that carry data around the world.It seems sharks have a mighty craving for these vital intercontinental communication links, which has set Google on a mission to reinforce its transPacific cables by wrapping them in a Kevlarlike material. Google product manager Dan Belcher revealed their shark-proofing efforts at a marketing meeting in Boston, Network World reports.But why are sharks zeroing in on our global communication networks? Sharks have an uncanny ability to sense electromagnetic fields in the water using tiny detectors in their snouts called ampulla of Lorenzini. The organs, which look like freckles, sense even minute changes to electrical fields in the water, helping sharks find prey, navigate or locate fiber-optic cables.“No doubt the electromagnetic felds associated with these wires are highly attractive to these sharks,” George Burgess, director of the Florida Program for Shark Research, told USA. Interestingly, sharks dont seem to be lured to the older copper cables that run underwater. Its led to speculation that sharks confuse the high-voltage, magnetic emissions from fiber-optic cables with the signals given off by fish. Updated cables will thus likely protect the sharks and reduce energy-wasting attacks. Sharks have been giving global communications companies headaches since the 1980s. According to the New York Time, a few shark teeth were found planted in a cable of the Canary Islands in 1985. Every year, more than 50 repairs are needed on undersea transcontinental communication lines due to damage from wildlife, fishing trawlers and earthquakes, The Guardian reports. Googles reinforced cables will be installed as part of a new $300 million system connecting the United States to Japan, according to a press release from project partner NEC. It will result in an Internet connection that relays information across the Pacific Ocean at 60 terabytes per second. Thats good news for Internet users, but maybe the sharks have a hidden reason: Perhaps theyre simply fed up with fear-mongering documentaries that cast them in a negative light.1.What does “the same” in Paragraph 1 refer to?2.What is emphasized in Paragraph 2?3.Why do sharks bite fiber-optic cables?4.It can be learned that sharks（ ）.5.What is the main topic of the passage?问题1选项A.The killers making snacks out of tourists.B.The risk of getting eaten by sharks.C.The undeserved reputation of sharks.D.The small chance of shark attacks.问题2选项A.The damage to cables caused by sharks.B.The cost of undersea cable lines.C.The function of underwater cameras.D.The development of undersea cables.问题3选项A.They mistake cables for fish.B.They like biting cable-shaped objects.C.They are curious about cables.D.They enjoy the taste of cables.问题4选项A.like both copper cables and fiber-optic cablesB.prefer copper cables to fiber-optic cablesC.are attracted to fiber-optic cables onlyD.are attracted to copper cables only问题5选项A.Sharks are no bloodthirsty killers.B.How sharks pick signals from cables.C.Sharks benefit from electrical field.D.Fiber-optic cables are sharks prey.【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:A第4题:C第5题:D【解析】1.词义猜测题。由“Although the risk of getting eaten by a shark is extremely small, the same cannot be said for underwater fiber-optic cables that carry data around the world.（尽管被鲨鱼吃掉的风险非常小，但在全球范围内传输数据的水下光缆却并非如此。）”可知，虽然人类被鲨鱼吃掉的风险很小，但是水下光缆被鲨鱼吃掉的风险却并非如此。所以the same表示被鲨鱼吃掉的风险。A选项“鲨鱼拿游客当点心”；C选项“鲨鱼被冤枉的名声”；D选项“被鲨鱼攻击的几率很小”都与上下文不符，因此B选项“被鲨鱼吃掉的风险”正确。2.主旨大意题。第二段的最后一句话说到“Google product manager Dan Belcher revealed their shark-proofing efforts at a marketing meeting in Boston, Network World reports. （据网络世界报道，谷歌产品经理丹贝尔彻在波士顿的市场营销会议上透露了他们的防鲨鱼努力。）”，说明为了防止鲨鱼对电缆的破坏，人们做了很多努力，所以该段落更侧重于暗示鲨鱼对电缆造成的破坏。B选项“海底电缆线路的费用”在第二段没有表现出来；C选项“水下相机的功能”第二段没有提到；D选项“海底电缆的发展”第二段也没有提到。因此A选项“鲨鱼对电缆造成的损坏”正确。3.事实细节题。文章第五段写道“Its led to speculation that sharks confuse the high-voltage, magnetic emissions from fiber-optic cables with the signals given off by fish. （人们猜测鲨鱼会将光纤电缆发出的高压磁辐射与鱼类发出的信号相混淆。）”，所以鲨鱼会咬电缆是因为错把它们当成了鱼类。B选项“它们喜欢咬电缆形状的物体”文中没有提到；C选项“它们对电缆很好奇”；D选项“它们喜欢电缆的味道”都与原文不符，因此A选项“它们把电缆错当成了鱼”正确。4.事实细节题。文章第五段写道“Interestingly, sharks dont seem to be lured to the older copper cables that run underwater.（有趣的是，鲨鱼似乎不会被海底的旧铜电缆所吸引。）”，由此可知，鲨鱼只被光纤电缆吸引。A选项“铜电缆和光纤电缆都喜欢”；B选项“更喜欢铜电缆而不是光纤电缆”；D选项“只被铜电缆吸引”都与原文意思相悖，因此C选项“只被光纤电缆吸引”正确。5.主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了鲨鱼对电缆光纤的破坏。A选项“鲨鱼不是嗜血的杀手”文中并没有侧重讲解；B选项“鲨鱼如何从电缆中接收信号”文章也没有提到；C选项“鲨鱼受益于电场”说法错误；D选项“光纤电缆是鲨鱼的受害者”更准确，因此D选项正确。5. 单选题The ability to focus attention on important things is a（ ）characteristic of intelligence.问题1选项A.decliningB.definingC.deceivingD.defending【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项declining“下滑的；衰退的；倾斜的”；B选项defining“最典型的；起决定性作用的”；C选项deceiving“欺骗性的”；D选项defending“防守型的”。句意：把注意力集中在重要事情上的能力是智慧的一个（ ）特征。根据语境，defining“最典型的”和intelligence“智慧”搭配比较合理。因此B选项正确。6. 单选题As a motivational speaker, Caroline Miller knows a few things about using mental exercises to achieve goals. But last year, one exercise she was asked to try took her by surprise. Every night, she was to think of three good things that happened that day and analyze why they occurred. That was supposed to increase her overall happiness. “I thought it was too simple to be effective”, said Miller. “I went to Harvard. Im used to things being complicated.” But, the quality of her dreams did change and she did feel happier.That exercise is one of several that have shown preliminary promise in recent research into how people can make themselves happiernot just for a day or two, but long-term. Its part of a larger body of work that challenges a long-standing skepticism about whether thats even possible.For decades, a widely accepted view has been that people are suck with a basic setting on their happiness thermostat. It says the effects of good or bad life events like marriage, a raise, divorce, or disability will simply fade with time. We adapt to them just like we stop noticing bad odor from behind the living room couch after a while.But recent long-term studies have revealed that the happiness thermostat is more malleable than the popular theory maintained. “Set-point is not destiny,” says psychologist Ed Diener of the University of Illinois.The think-of-three-good-things exercise that Miller found so simplistic at first is among those being tested by Martin Seligman at the University of Pennsylvania. People keep doing it on their own because its immediately rewarding. It makes people focus more on good things, which might otherwise be forgotten, because of daily disappointments.Sonja Lyubomirsky, a psychologist at the University of California, meanwhile, is testing some other simple strategies. “This is not rocket science,” she said. For example, participants were asked to regularly practice random acts of kindness, things like holding a door open for a stranger, for 10 weeks. Participants who performed a variety of acts, rather than repeating the same ones, showed an increase in happiness even a month after the experiment was concluded. Those who kept on doing the acts on their own did better than those who didnt.But she also said any long-term effect will probably depend on people continuing to work at it. “Happiness is the process not the place. So many of us think that when we get everything just right, we will be happy But once we get everything in place, we still need new goals and activities. The Princess could not just stop when she got the Prince.”1.For Miller, the think-of-three-good-things exercise（ ）.2.According to the widely accepted view about happiness,（ ）.3.Results from separate tests by Martin Seligman and Sonja Lyubomirsky both show that（ ）.4.“The Princess could not just stop when she got the Prince.” suggests that（ ）.5.The passage is mainly written to（ ）.问题1选项A.turned out to be a disasterB.was unexpectedly effectiveC.produced a mixed outcomeD.was too simple to be useful问题2选项A.good events make it easier for people to enjoy a happier lifeB.little may come out of peoples efforts to a happier lifeC.it is nothing wrong for people to wish to have a happier lifeD.peoples adaptation skills may be the key to a happier life问题3选项A.the effects of some effective strategies may not lastB.it is necessary for people to try all the usefu1 strategiesC.the same strategy has different effects on different peopleD.simple strategies can actually make people feel happier问题4选项A.changes in life goals may not affect the long-term happinessB.cherishing what you have is the way to a long-term happinessC.continued efforts are needed to ensure a long-term happinessD.it is impossible for people to achieve a long-term happiness问题5选项A.help people reconsider the value of happinessB.compare the different strategies to happinessC.confirm the popular theory of happinessD.introduce the latest studies on happiness【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:D第4题:C第5题:A【解析】1.语义推测题。根据第一段第四到八句That was supposed to increase her overall happiness. “I thought it was too simple to be effective”, said Miller But, the quality of her dreams did change and she did feel happier.（这应该会增加她的整体幸福感。米勒说：“我认为这太简单了，根本不起作用但是，她的梦的质量确实改变了，她感到更快乐了。），可知B选项“意想不到的好”正确，D选项“因为太简单，所以没效果”错误，A选项“是一场灾难”错误。D选项“喜忧参半的结果”：没有提到消极的影响。因此B选项正确。2.语义推测题。根据第三段第二、三句the effects of good or bad life events like marriage, a raise, divorce, or disability will simply fade with time. We adapt to them just like we stop noticing bad odor from behind the living room couch after a while.（生活中好事或坏事的影响，如结婚、加薪、离婚或残疾，都会随着时间而逐渐消失。我们适应了它们，就像一段时间后我们不再注意客厅沙发的难闻气味一样。），可知这里说好事和坏事的影响都不会长久，故A选项“好的事件使人们更容易享受幸福的生活”错误；因为不长久，所以努力也可能没多大用，故B选项“人们为幸福生活所做的努力可能收效甚微”正确；不长久的原因是习惯了那种感觉，就像会习惯沙发的气味一样，原文的adopt倾向于习惯某件事，和D选项“人们的适应能力也许是幸福生活的关键”中的适应能力不同，故D选项错误。C选项“人们希望拥有更幸福的生活没有错”不是主要观点，没有讨论追求幸福是对是错的问题，故错误。因此B选项正确。3.语义推测题。根据第一段Miller做的简单的测试感觉到更快乐，参考36题答案解析，以及第五段第一句The think-of-three-good-things exercise that Miller found so simplistictested by Martin Seligman（Martin Seligman进行了测试，米勒一开始认为思考三件好事的策略过于简单。），以及根据第六段Sonja Lyubomirskytesting some other simple strategies.（Sonja Lyubomirsky正在测试一些其他的简单策略）和showed an increase in happiness even a month after the experiment（即使在一个月之后，幸福感仍有所提高），可知两人都做的简单测试，并且让人感觉更幸福，并且持久，故D选项“简单的策略实际上可以让人们感觉更快乐”正确，A选项“有的有效策略的效果也许不能持久”错误。B选项“人们有必要尝试所有有用的策略”：根据第六段Participants who performed a variety of acts（参与者做不同动作），这不代表要尝试所有有用的策略。C选项“同样的策略对不同的人有不同的影响”：没有提到不同的影响，测试结果都是正向的。因此D选项正确。4.语义推测题。根据第七段倒数第二句once we get everything in place, we still need new goals and activities（一旦我们把每件事都做好了，我们仍然需要新的目标和活动），可知幸福需要持续拥有目标和实现目标，通过这样获得长期的幸福，故C选项“需要持续的努力来确保长期的幸福”正确，A选项“生活目标的改变可能不会影响长期的幸福”错误，D选项“人们不可能获得长期的幸福”错误。B选项“珍惜你所拥有的是长久幸福的途径”：珍惜在文中没有提到。因此C选项正确。5.主旨大意题。作者通过颠覆大多数人对快乐的理解，再引出自己对快乐的理解，想要人们重新思考幸福，故A选项“帮助人们重新思考幸福的价值”正确。B选项“比较不同的幸福策略”：文中通过例子可知幸福的策略很简单，没有强调各个方法的不同点。C选项“证实流行的幸福理论”：文中说的幸福策略恰恰跟很多人想的不一样，作者讲的策略并不流行。D选项“介绍关于幸福的最新研究”：文章没有提到这些信息是否是最近的。因此A选项正确。7. 单选题Its in your best（ ）to quit smoking, for you have some breathing problems.问题1选项A.sakeB.benefitC.advantageD.interest【答案】D【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：戒烟对你最有利，因为你有一些呼吸问题。be in sbs (best) interest (s) (to do sth)=be the best thing for someone，因此D选项正确。8. 单选题Of all the classical composers, Tchaikovsky has been a veritable gold-mine as a（ ）source of themes for popular arrangements.问题1选项A.lucrativeB.ostensibleC.orthodoxD.tentative【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项lucrative“有利可图的，赚钱的”；B选项ostensible“表面的，假装的”；C选项orthodox“正统的；惯常的”；D选项tentative“不确定的，暂定的；犹豫的”。句意：在所有的古典作曲家中，柴可夫斯基是一个名副其实的金矿，他总是创造出大受市场欢迎的主题作品。由gold-mine可知lucrative与其意思对应。因此A选项正确。9. 单选题When you win, your errors are（ ）; when you lose, your errors are magnified.问题1选项A.expandedB.obscuredC.cultivatedD.exaggerated【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项expanded “扩充的，展开的”；B选项obscured “遮蔽的，湮没的”；C选项cultivated “有教养的；栽培的，培植的”；D选项exaggerated “夸张的，言过其实的”。本句表示“当你胜利时，你的错误会被（ ）；当你失败时，你的错误会被放大。”根据句意可知空格处应填magnified（放大的）的反义词，因此B选项正确。10. 单选题Some women are motivated to work（ ）professional interests and a desire to contribute to society.问题1选项A.because ofB.as toC.regardless ofD.in spite of【答案】A【解析】考查介词短语辨析。A选项because of “因为；由于”；B选项as