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word序 言 学习英文最常遇到的一个问题，便是词汇量不足。一个词汇量不足的人，在英文听、写、说各方面的能力都会受到严重的限制，因此往往无法适当地与英美人士沟通;在参加考试时，更经常因为看不懂题目，而不知从何作答。 有鉴于此，我们特别为广阔的英文读者编写了一系列的词汇丛书。从最根本的Vocabulary Fundamental，到足以应付留学考试之需的Vocabulary 22000，循序渐进，为您扎实地打好词汇根底，无论您正在校求学或己步入社会，都会发现本来列书籍就是您苦寻已久，增强英文实力的最优利器。学校教师更可采用本系列书籍作为辅助教材，以弥补平日上课内容之不足。 一般均认为背单词是件既吃力、又往往成效不彰的苦差事，因而总是望之却步。本系列书籍的问世恰可打破以上观念。以如下出词汇系列丛书的各项特点:“课为单元，容易安排学习进度也防止了背字典式学习方法的冗长与杂乱无章。 2.每个单词均附有详细的国际音标、词性说明与中文解释。 3.适当列出各单词的衍生词、同义词与反义词，以达到举一反三、事半功倍的效果。 4.以例句说明单词的用法，各例句附有汉语译文，以便于参考。 5.每一局部后均有习题，以加深时所学单词的印象;每一课后面附有效果检测，以评量对所学单词的理解程度，并增强活用单词的能力。词汇量的增加绝非一跳而就的，但是假如能采用系统的方法，依旧可缩短增加词汇量所需的时间。因此，本系列丛书的读者，只要按部就班，循序渐进，必可在最短的时间内，获得最大的成效。并请切记随时要活用所学的单词，惟有如此，这些词汇才会确确实实地成为你自己的。Vocabulary Fundamental 1.本书所列单词共计1,300个，加上各词的衍生词、同义词与反义词，如此实际收录约3, 000词，均为平时最常用、最容易接触到的单词。 2.详细列出各词的国际音标、词性说明与中文解释，省却查宇典的麻烦。中文解释是以该词灵常用的意义为主，一词假如有假如干常用解释或词性，如此一并列出。单词后面附有例句，以说明该词的用法;例句附有中文翻译，以便对照参考。 3.每一课分为五个局部，以便于分段记忆。在课前有预备测验，每一局部之后有习题，课后有效果检浏，可借助于重复测验来加深对单词的印象，并学习如何活用单词。 4.本书共分为24课，建议进度为一天一课，如此便可在一个月内增加3,000个词汇。编者LESSON 1预备测验O选出最适当的答案:1 .When water_，it is full of bubbles. (A) boils(B) freezes2 .Many people resort to the beaches in_weather. (A) cold(B) hot3 .Lets all cooperate to get the work done_.(A) quickly(B) slowly4 .He was_because his name was omitted from the list. (A) invited(B) not invited5 .They put the blame for the_on the driver of the car.(A) success(B) accident第一局部Abroad.br:d adv.在国外 同overseasHe lived abroad for many years;he knowsseveral foreign languages.他在国外住了许多年，懂好几种外语。Affect fekt The small amount of rain last year affected thegrowth of crops.去年雨量少，影响了作物的生长。Attend tend All children over seven must attend school.七岁以上的小孩都得上学。Blamebleim n.责难 反plimentI have done my best，neither praise nor blame can affect me now.我已尽了最大的努力，赞扬或责难现在都影响不了我。Bubble bbl Children like to make bubbles with soap andwater.孩子们喜欢用肥皂水做泡泡。 Cemeterysemitri n.墓地 同graveyardThere are many tombs in the cemetery.墓地里有许多坟墓。mendation ,kmndein n.赞扬 同praise反blameHe was given a mendation for bravery after he saved the little children from the fire.他从火灾中救出孩子们后，因为勇敢可嘉而受到赞扬。conflict knflikt n.冲突;争斗 同fight 反reconciliationSome people think that there is a great deal ofconflict between religion and science.有些人认为某某与科学间有很大的冲突。 cooperatekupreit v.合作 n.cooperationadj .cooperativeThe children cooperated with their teachers in keeping their classrooms clean。孩子们与教师合作，保持教室清洁。Curiouskjuris adj.好奇的 同inquisitiveI am curious to know what my teacher said tomy mother.我很好奇，想知道教师跟我母亲说了些什么。Exercise 1.1从第一局部中选出最适当的一个单词，填入空格内:1 .The news of his mothers death_him deeply.2. _is a place for burying the dead.3 .He is planning to go_next year for his study.4 .He doesnt_church very often.5 .If a child is_，he is always asking questions. 解答 1. affected 2.cemetery3 .abroad 4.attend 5.curious第二局部delicious dilis adj.美味的 同sweet-tastingWe had some delicious cakes after dinner.我们在晚饭后吃了一些美味的蛋糕。Direct direkt v.监视;指导 同conduct, mand 反indirectThere was nobody to direct the workmen.没有人监视工人。Drawdr: v.拉 同drag, haulDraw your chair nearer to the table.把你的椅子往桌子这儿拉近一点。 Empire empai n.帝国 同RealmThe United States was once a part of theBritish Empire.美国曾一度是大英帝国的一局部。eventIvent n.事件 同accident, happeningThe discovery of America was a great event.发现美洲是一件大事。Failurefeilj n.失败 反successSuccess came after many failures.成功在屡次的失败之后到来。Filefail Please put these letters in the main file。请将这些文件放入文卷总档中。The secretary filed the cards in order，秘书将卡片依序归档。Frankfrk adj.坦白的 同candid, honest 反deceitful, dishonestHe was frank to admit that he hadnt studiedthe lesson.他坦白承认没有学习那一课。 Generate denreit v.产生 同produce, makeWe know that heating water Cangeneratesteam.我们知道将水加热可以产生蒸汽。Halt h:lt The soldiers halted for a rest.士兵们停止前进，以休息片刻。Exercise 1.2从第二局部中选出最适当的一个单词，填入空格内:1.Her graduation from college was a(n) _I did not want to miss。2 .What_food you have cooked3 .The piic was a_ because it rained.4 .If you want my_opinion, I dont think the plan will succeed.5 .The pany_operations during the strike. 解答1第三局部Hornh:nA goat has two horns on its head.山羊的头上有两只角 Individual,individjul adj.个别的 n.个人 同personA teacher cant give individual attention if hisclass is large.如果班上的人数众多，教师就不能个别地注意到每一个学生。The interests of society are more importantthan the interests of the individual.社会利益比个人利益要重要得多。Internalint:nl n.(时间的)间隔There is a long interval before he replied.他隔了很长的一段时间才回答。 KnotntThe knots of your package must be tied tightly你包裹上的绳结必须扎紧。Liberal librl adj .1.自由主义的 2.通才的 反professionalHe is liberal in his view on government.他对政体的看法是属于自由主义的。They want their child to have a liberal education.他们要他们的孩子承受通才教育。Magnificentmgnifisnt adj.华丽的 同grand, splendid n .magnificenceThe king was wearing a magnificent gold crown。国王戴着华丽的金冠。mentalmentl adj.心理的 反physicalKeeping mental health is very important in modern society。在现代社会中，保持心理健康是非常重要的。 momentary mmn,teri: adj.暂时的 同transient 反everlastingHer feeling of danger was only momentary;itsoon passed.她的危险感只是暂时的，很快就消失了。 Neutralnju:trl He remained neutral in the argument betweenhis two friends.他在两个朋友的争辩中，保持中立。Omit umit v.遗漏，删除He made many mistakes in spelling by omitting letters。他因漏掉字母而犯了许多拼写上的错误。Exercise 1.3从第三局部中选出最适当的一个单词，填入空格内:1 .We did not think that you would e here, because your name was_from the list.2 .The judge in a court must be_in a trial.3 .Each_leaf on the tree is different.4 .There is a(n) _of a week between Christmas and New Years Day.5 .There are probably as many kinds of_illnesses as there are kinds of physical illnesses. 解答1.omitted 2.neutral3 .individual 4.interval 5.mental第四局部Peacock pi:,kk A peacock can fly only a short distance.孔雀只能飞很短的距离。 Pioneer,painin.先驱者 同forerunnerJohn Glenn was a pioneer in space travel.约翰葛伦是太空旅行的先驱者。pray preiI will pray to God for your safe return我会向上帝祈祷你的平安归来。Pronounce prnauns 2.宣告 n .pronouncementThe teacher pronounced each word slowly.教师把每一个字的音都读得很慢。The doctor pronounced that thewas dead.医生宣告那个男人死了。Racereis n .1.种族 2.比赛There are mainly three kinds of races in the world:the white race，the black race and the yellow race.世界上有三个主要的种族:白种人，黑种人和黄种人。Please tell me which horse won the race.请告诉我哪一匹马赢得了比赛。Relativereltiv n.亲戚 adj.相对的 反absoluteHe has many relatives in the United States.他在美国有很多亲戚。East is a relative term, for example, France iseast of England but west of Italy.东方是个相对的名词，譬如说，法国在英国的东方，却在意大利的西方。Resort riz:t When we were high school students, we resorted to the restaurant.我们上高中时，常去那家餐馆。He always resorted to asking his friends for money。他总是向朋友借钱。rubrb v.摩;擦He rubbed his hands together to warm up.他摩擦双手以取暖。Shadow du n.阴暗处 同shadeHe walked along in the shadows hoping no onewould recognize him.他沿着阴暗处走，希望没有人会认出他。 Situation,sitjueinn.情势 同condition, caseIm in a difficult situation and I dont knowwhat to do.我处在困境中，不知道该怎么办。exercise 1.4从第四局部中选出最适当的一个单词，填入空格内:1.People of many_settled in the United States.2 .My uncle is my nearest_3 .With the light behind him, his_could be seen on the wall.4 .The doctor is regarded as a(n) _in operating human hearts.5 .There is nothing we can do now but_to God for help. 解答1.races2 .relative 3 .shadow 4 .pioneer5 .pray第五局部Sores: adj.疼痛的 同aching, painfulHis sore leg made walking difficult.腿部疼痛令他举步维艰。Spreadspred v.覆盖;铺(桌面)His sister spread a cloth on the table.他的姐姐把一块桌布铺在桌上。Stomaach stum It is unwise to swim on a full stomach。饱腹时游泳是不明智的。Suitcase sju:tkeis He took two suitcases with him on the trip.他旅行时带着两个手提箱。talenttlnt The girl has a talent for music. 那女孩有音乐的天才。Throne run He was only 15 years old when he came to the throne他登基时只有15岁。Transfertrnsf: trnsf: He has asked for a transfer to another job他已要求调职。The football player is hoping to transfer to another team soon.该足球队员希望不久以后能调到另一队。Usageju:zid9 Machines soon wear out under rough usage机器使用不小心很快就会磨损。Rowelvaul n.元音字母 反consonantThe vowels in the English language are reprerented by a, e, i, o, u and, sometimes, y.英文中的元音字母以a, e, i, o,u为代表，有时再加上y.Withdrawwidr:v.缩回;撤销He quickly witjtdrew his hand from the hotstove.他迅速地把手从热火炉上缩回。Exercise 1.5 从第五局部中选出最适当的一个单词，填入空格内:1. _are more difficult to pronounce than consonants.2.It is not wise to work on an empty_。3 .The general decided to_the troops from the present position4 .The boy showed a real_for painting.5 .This farm has been_from father to son for generations.解答1.Vowels 2.stomach 3.withdraw 4.talent 5.transferred效果检测Exercise 1.6找出一个与其他三个不相关的词:_1.(A) pliment(B) mendation (C) approach(D) praise_2.(A) attend(B) draw(C) haul(D) drag_3.(A) candid(B) curious(C) frank(D) honest_4.(A) interval(B) omit(C) break(D) pause_5.(A) splendid(B) neutral (C) magnificent(D) grand_6.(A) race(B) situation (C) condition(D) case_7.(A) aching(B) painful(C) delicious(D) sore_8.(A) conflict (B) event (C) struggle (D) fight_9.(A) obey(B) mand (C) conduct(D) direct_10.(A) happening(B) event (C) incident(D) pioneerExercise 1.7找出一个与题前中文意思一样的单词:_ (A) conflict(B) cooperate(C) affect (D) attend_ (A) blame(B) responsibility (C) stomach(D) talent_ (A) incurious (B)delicious(C) dull(D)candid_ (A) bubble (B) consonant (C) peacock(D)pioneer_ (A) neutral(B) relative(C) uncle(D)resort解答1.C 2 .A3 .B4 .D 5 .BExercise 1.8找出一个与斜体词的意义相反的单词:1.pliment(A) conflict(B) blame(C) success (D) failure(A) delicious (B) dull (C) curious (D) magnificenteceitful(A) dull(B) grand(C) neutral(D) frank4.momentary(A) everlasting(B) transient (C) liberal(D) importantithdraw(A) haul(B) draw(C) advance(D) cooperate解答1.B 2.C3 .D4 .A5 .CExercise 1.9完整拼出如下句中所欠缺的单词:1 .Although he was a f_e at school, he became a successful man latex.(失败者)2 .He was so c_s to know what was in the Letter that he opened it, even though it was addressed to his sister .(好奇的)3. Will you be quite f_k with me about this matter?(坦白的)4 .In their school they have an i_1 of ten minutes for recess.(间隔的时间)5 .The police watched the cafe to which the robber was known to r_t.(常去) 解答】1 3.frank 4.interval 5.resortExercise 1.10找出一个与句中斜体词的意义最接近的单词:_1 .Steam can generate electricity by turning an electric generator。(A) change(B) produce(C) stop(D) spread_2 .He earned high mendatian from thepeople for his bravery. (A) reward(B) pride(C) praise (D) consideration_3 .The policeman halted the speeding car to see if the driverwas drunk. (A) stopped(B) found(C) chased(D) caught_4 .I have a sore throat from cold. (A) strong(B) weak(C) clear(D) painful_5 .I will show you the magnificent palace of the king. (A) grand(B) ancient(C) dull(D) colorful解答】1. B 2 .C3 .A4 .D5 .ALESSEN 2预备测验0选出最适当的答案:1 .The rider cursed his_horse. (A) great(B) bad2 .An absolute ruler can do just as_. (A) people tell him(B) he pleases3 .There is usually a ceremony when a new building is_. (A) opened(B) destroyed4 .The_was sent to him by freight. (A) letter(B) box5 .The peak of the roof is the_part of the house. (A) highest(B) lowest第一局部Absolutebslju:t He is a man of absolute honesty.他是个绝对诚实的人。 Agency eidnsi The Ford pany has agencies ail over thecountry福特公司在全国都有经销处。Attitudetitju:d He took a sympathetic attitude toward my situation.他对我的境遇抱同情的态度。blankblk adj.空白的 同emptyPlease write your name in the blank space atthe top of the page.请把你的名字写在此页上端的空白处。bulkblk n.堆;容量 同volumeA vast bulk of coal is still stored in the basement.地下室中仍储有大量的煤堆。 ceremony serimni Their marriage cetemony was performed in thechurch.他们的结婚典礼在教堂举行。 merce km:s n.贸易 adj .mercial 同tradeOur country has grown rich because of itsmerce with other nations.我国由于与别国间的贸易而致富。Confuseknfju:z v.混淆 n.confusion 同embarrass,puzzleEven their own mother sometimes confusedthe twins.即使是双胞胎自己的母亲，有时候也会把两个孩子搞混。Copper kp Copper is easily shaped into thin sheet or finewire铜易于塑成薄板或细丝。Cursek:s He cursed the poor waitress who had spilledsoup on him.他咒骂那个把汤倒在他身上的可怜女招待。Exercise 2.1从第一局部中选出最适当的一个单词，填入空格内:1 .He stood there in a threatening_.2._ is an excellent conductor o# heat and electricity。3 .He_when a caralmost hit him.4 .Long ago some rulers had_ power5 .If you tryto learn too many things at the same time you may get_解答1第二局部Delight dilait n.娱乐;愉快 同pleasureMoving pictures give great delight to millionsof people.电影娱乐了数以百万的人们。Disappear,dispi The little boy disappeared around the corner那小男孩在街角处消失。Driftdrift The boat was taken out to sea by the drift ofthe tide.小船被潮流冲到外海。Employimpli v.雇用That big factory employsmany workers那家大工厂雇用了许多工人。 evidence evidns n.证据 adj .evidentadv .evidentlyWhen the police arrived, he had already destroyed all the evidence.当警察到达时，他已毁掉了所有的证据。 facultyfklti n.l.能力 2.(大学等的)教职员John has the faculty to learn languages easily。约翰有迅速学会语言的能力。That will be discussed in the next faculty meeting.那将会在下一次的教职员会议上讨论。Financial fainnl Before he decided to study abroad, he has to solve financial problems。在他决定出国读书前，必须先解决经济上的问题。Freightfreit n.货物 同CargoThis aircraft pany deals with freight only;it has no travel service.这家航空公司只经营货运，而没有旅游服务。Generous d9enrs It wasvery generous of them to share theirmeal with their poor neighbors.他们愿意让贫苦的邻人共享餐食，甚为慷慨。handyhndi adj.便利的 同convenientThere were handy shelves near the kitchensink.厨房的水槽边有便利的架子。Exerci 从第二局部中选出最适当的一个单词，填入空格内:1.He was very_in his treatment of the captives.2.He has a great_for arithmetic.3.Thecity of London is a great_center in Europe.4.Thesteel manufacturing pany_most of the young men in town.5 .This_must be carefully handled when loading.解答1. generous 2. faculty 3.financial 5.freight第三局部Horriblehrbl n .horrorI have never seen such a horrible car accident.我从未见过如此可怕的车祸。Industriousindstri:sadj .勤劳的An industrious student usually hasgoodgrades.勤奋的学生通常有好成绩。Intimate intimit adj.亲密的 n.intimacyadv .intimatelyAlthough my brother knew many people, hehad few intimate friends.虽然我兄弟认识许多人，但亲密的朋友却很少。Knowledgenlid9 n.了解;学识A baby has no knowledge of good and evil。婴儿不懂得善恶。Liberty libti They fought to defend their liberty against theinvaders.他们为保卫自由而抵抗侵略者。 Majestymd9isti n.庄严 同greatness,dignityThey were inspired by the majesty of thesnow-covered mountains.他们从积雪山脉的庄严气氛中获得启示。 Mention menn Do not mention the terrible accident before thelittle children.在小孩面前，不要提起那件可怕的意外。 Monumentmnjumnt The ruins of the castle is an ancient monument，which the government pays money to preserve。城堡的废墟是古代的纪念物，政府花钱来保存它。Nickname nikneim He got the nickname“Fattybecause he wasvery fat.他非常胖，因而得到一个“胖子的绰号。Onionnjn Union has a very strong smell and taste.洋葱的气味和味道很浓烈。Exercise 2.3从第三局部中选出最适当的一个单词，填入空格内:1 .He is a(n) _ student and deserves good grades.2 .The_of the Niagara Falls attracts a number of visitors.3.I heard many_stories from my grandfather when Iwasyoung4 .She opened the cage and gave the bird its_.5 .He has a good_of French history.【解答1.industrious2 .majesty 3 .horrible4.liberty5 .knowledge第四局部peakpi:k n.山顶 同summit 反footThe mountain peak is covered with snow allyear round.山顶终年覆盖着雪。Pit pit n.坑 同holeWater collected in the pit left when the oldtrees were uprooted.老树被连根拔起后留下的坑会积水。Preachpri:t Many people went to church to hear himpreach.许多人到教堂听他传教。Proof pru:f n.证据 vproveWe must wait for better proof before we believe.在我们相信以前，必须等待更有力的证据。Rag rn.破布 adj .raggedShe wiped her boots with a rag. 她用破布擦皮靴。Releaserilis v.释放 反holdAfter he was released from prison, he came home directly，他被释放出狱后，立刻回家去了。Responsibility ri,spnsbiliti n.责任 adj .responsibleNow that you are 13，you should have more sense of responsibility.你已经13岁了，应该有更多的责任感。Rude ru:d adj.不礼貌的 同impolite瞪着别人或用手指着别人，都是不礼貌的。It is rude to stare at people or to point with afinger.Scornsk:n n.轻视 v.不屑;轻视We feel scorn for a traitor. 我们蔑视卖国贼。Shallow lu The lake is too shallow for swimming.那湖太浅，无法游泳。Exercise 2.4从第四局部中选出最适当的一个单词，填入空格内:f .Do you have any_that you werent there at 9 oclock lastnight?2 .The nurse will be_from duty at 7 oclock。3 .Most pupils feel_for those who cheat in the exam.4 .He_that God would soon destroy the evil world.5 .Dont be so_to your teacher. 解答1.proof 2.released 3. (第五局部Soulsul n.灵魂 同spirit 反bodyThey were praying for the souls of the dead.他们正为死者的灵魂祈祷。Sprinklesprykl v.撒;洒He sprinkled sand along the icy path他沿着结冰的路撒砂子。stoopstu:p v.弯腰 同bendHe stooped to pick up the paper. 他俯身捡纸。 sumsm n .1.金额 2.和;总额He paid the sum of$10 for a new bag他以10美元的价格买了一个新袋子。The sum of 2 and 3 is 5. 2和3之和为5.talkativet:ktiv No man likes talkative woman没有男人喜欢多嘴的女人。throughout ru:at adv.全部地 prep.全;遍与The woodwork in the house was rottenthroughout.这间屋内的木制品全部腐朽了。His name is famous throughout the world.全世界都知道他的名字。 Transport trnsp:tv.运送 n .transportationWheat is transported from the farms to themills.小麦从农场运送至面粉加工厂。uttert adj.完全的 同pleteHe was gone before she could utter a word。她还未开口说一个字，他就走了。She is an utter stranger to me.对我来说，她完全是一个陌生人。voyageviid n.航行 同navigationThe voyage from England to India used to takesix months.过去从英国航行到印度，要花六个月的时间。Witherwi v.枯萎 同fadeThe grass wzthered in the sun.草在阳光下枯萎了。Exercise 2.5从第五局部中选出最适当的一个单词，填入空格内:1 .Many people believe in the immortality of the_.2 .The flowers_in the cold.3 .She_her head to get into the car4 .We_ashes on the icy sidewalk this morning.5 .The goods were_by rail and ship.解答1.soul2.wither(ed)3 .stooped 4.sprinkled 5.transported效果检测找出一个与斜体词的意义最接近的单词:_1.a great faculty for music(A) member(B) capability(C) audience(D) knowledge _2 .clear evidence (A) proof(B) knowledge (C) situation(D) agency_3.a bulk of freight (A) weight(B) surprise(C) failure (D) cargo_4 a handy little box (A) relative(B) heavy(C) convenient (D) cheap_5 .a horrible accident (A) dangerous(B) ghastly(C) sore(D) big_6.the majesty of the mountains (A) grandeur(B) faculty(C) monument (D) honor_7 .the peak of a mountain (A) foot(B) summit(C) height (D)horn_8 .rude remarks (A) loud(B) impolite(C) direct (D) candid_9 .to sprinkle water on the road (A) scatter(B) draw(C) drink (D)gather_10 .large sum of money (A) spending(B) peak(C) amount(D) resort【解答1. B 2 .A3 .D4 .C5 .B 6 .A7 .B8 .B9 .A10 .CExercise 2.7找出一个与题前中文意思一样的单词:_(A)pour(B) halt (C)scorn(D) sprinkle_(A)rub(B) utter(C) wither(D) resort_ (A) merce(B)industry(C) finance(D) freight_ (A) release (B)curse(C) blame (D)pray_ (A) utter (B)mention(C) preach (D)affect
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