0925翻译孔乙己

鲁镇的酒店的格局，是和别处不同的：ThesetupofthetavernsinLuTownwasdifferentfromthatelsewhere.都是当街一个曲尺形的大柜台，EachoneofthemhadabigL-shapedcounterfacingthestreet.柜里面预备着热水，可以随时温酒。Hotwaterwasalwaysreadyinsidethecounterforwarmingwines.做工的人，傍午傍晚散了工，每每花四文铜钱，买一碗酒，这是二十多年前的事，现在每碗要涨到十文，Whenworkingpeoplegotoffworknearnoonorevening,theywouldregularlyspendfourcoppercoinstobuyabowlofwineandthatwastwentyandsomeoddyearsagobecausenowadayseachbowlhasgoneuptotencoppercoins.靠柜外站着，热热的喝了休息；Apersoncouldrestupbyleaningagainsttheoutsideofthecounteranddrinkingwarmwine.倘肯多花一文，便可以买一碟盐煮笋，或者茴香豆，做下酒物了，Anextracoppercoinwouldgethimaplateofsaltybambooshootorfennelbeansassnacktogowiththewine.如果出到十几文，那就能买一样荤菜，Payingtencoppercoinswouldgethimameatdish.但这些顾客，多是短衣帮，大抵没有这样阔绰。Butmostofthesecustomersbelongedtothecasuallydressedgroup“short-sleeved”bunchwhowouldntbesofree-spending.只有穿长衫的，才踱进店面隔壁的房子里，要酒要菜，慢慢地坐喝。socalledtheOnlythoseinlonggownswouldwalkintotheroomsnexttothebar,orderwineanddishes,andthensitdowntoenjoythemleisurely.-我从十二岁起，便在镇口的咸亨酒店里当伙计，SinceIwastwelveyearsold,IhadbeenworkingasahelperinXianHengTavernlocatedatthefrontentranceoftown.掌柜说，我样子太傻，怕侍候不了长衫主顾，TheshopkeepersaidIdidntlooksmartandhewasafraidIwouldnotbeabletoservethelong-gowncustomerswell.就在外面做点事罢。外面的短衣主顾，SoIwasgivensomethingtodooutsideoftherooms.虽然容易说话，但唠唠叨叨缠夹不清的也很不少。Eventhoughtheshort-sleevedcustomerswereeasiertotalkto,yettherewerenoshortageofnon-stopblabberingandbafflingnonsenseintheirdialogues.他们往往要亲眼看着黄酒从坛子里舀出，看过壶子底里有水没有，又亲看将壶子放在热水里，然后放心：Oftentogetthematease,theywouldwanttoseewiththeirowneyesthescoopingofwinestraightoutfromtheearthenwarejars,theabsenceofwateratthebottomofthewinejugs,andthedepositofthejugsinhotwater.在这严重监督下，羼水也很为难。Undersuchtightsupervision,adulteratingthewinewithwaterwouldbedifficult.所以过了几天，掌柜又说我干不了这事。Soafterafewdays,theshopkeepersaidIcouldnthandlethejob.幸亏荐头的情面大，辞退不得，Fortunatelythebackingthatgotmethisjobhadalotofpullandtheshopkeepercouldntfireme.便改为专管温酒的一种无聊职务了。SoIwasassignedtotheuninterestingjobofwarmingwine.-我从此便整天的站在柜台里，专管我的职务。SofromthenonIhadbeenstandinginsidethecounteralldaylongtolookaftermyduties.虽然没有什么失职，但总觉得有些单调，有些无聊。WhileIdidnotfumbleonwhatIdid,stillIfeltthejobwasabitmonotonousanddull.掌柜是一副凶脸孔，主顾也没有好声气，教人活泼不得；Icouldnotcheerupbecausetheshopkeeperhadanintimidatinglookandcustomershadnothinggoodtosay.只有孔乙己到店，才可以笑几声，所以至今还记得。OnlyKongYijisappearanceinthetavernthattriggeredafewlaughsfromme,andthatiswhyIcanstillrememberhim.-孔乙己是站着喝酒而穿长衫的唯一的人。KongYijiwastheonlystandingdrinkerwhoworealonggown.他身材很高大；青白脸色，皱纹间时常夹些伤痕；一部乱蓬蓬的花白的胡子。Hehadatallbuildwithpalecomplexion,wound-scarsinwrinkles,andunkempt,grizzledbeard.穿的虽然是长衫，可是又脏又破，似乎十多年没有补，也没有洗。Eventhoughwhatheworewasalonggown,yetitwasfilthyandtornunpatchedandunwashedforovertenyears.seemingly他对人说话，总是满口之乎者也，叫人半懂不懂的。Healwaysblendedclassicalliteraryquotesamidhisdialoguesinsuchawaythatpeoplecouldneverfullyunderstandwhathewassaying.因为他姓孔，别人便从描红纸上的“上大人孔乙己”这半懂不懂的话里，替他取下一个绰号，叫作孔乙己。BecausehissurnamewasKong,peoplecoinedthenickname“KongYiji”forhimtakenfromahard-to-understandphraseinapopularvermilion-inkcopybook.孔乙己一到店，所有喝酒的人便都看着他笑，有的叫道，“孔乙己，你脸上又添上新伤疤了！”OnedayuponKongYijisarrival,allthepeopledrinkinginthetavernlookedathimandlaughed.Someshoutedout:“KongYiji,youhaveaddednewscarsonyourface.”他不回答，对柜里说，“温两碗酒，要一碟茴香豆。”Hedidntanswerandsaidtotheserverbehindtheandgetmeaplateoffennelbeans.”counter:“Warmtwodrinksforme便排出九文大钱。Thenhetookoutninecoppercoins.他们又故意的高声嚷道，“你一定又偷了人家的东西了！”Someofthemdeliberatelyyelledoutloud:“Youmusthavestolensomeonesstuff!”孔乙己睁大眼睛说，“你怎么这样凭空污人清白”Awide-eyedKongYijisaid:“Whyareyoumakinganunfoundedaccusationtoruinmyinnocence?”“什么清白？我前天亲眼见你偷了何家的书，吊着打。”Someoneresponded:“Whatinnocence?IpersonallysawthatyouwerehungupandwhippedforstealingbooksfromtheHeFamily.”孔乙己便涨红了脸，额上的青筋条条绽出，争辩道，“窃书不能算偷窃书！Ashisfacewasturningallredandthegreenveinsonhisforeheadwerebulgingup,KongYijiargued:“Pilferingbooksisnotcountedasstealing.pilferingbooks!读书人的事，Thatsascholarsthing.能算偷么？”Howcouldsuchbeconsideredasstealing?”接连便是难懂的话，什么“君子固穷”，什么“者乎”之类，Whatfollowedwasachainofperplexingwordsmakingloosereferencestoancientsayingsthelikeof“ofcoursegentlemenareimpoverished”and“whatme?”引得众人都哄笑起来：店内外充满了快活的空气。Everyonecrackedupwithlaughterandthemoodaroundthetavernwaslivenedup.-听人家背地里谈论，孔乙己原来也读过书，但终于没有进学，Fromwhatpeoplesaidbehindhisback,KongYijitookupstudyingbutheneverpassedtheImperialExam.又不会营生；于是愈过愈穷，Alsohewasunabletoearnalivingandsohisfinancialsituationwentdownhill.弄到将要讨饭了。Healmosthadtoresorttopanhandling.幸而写得一笔好字，便替人家抄抄书，换一碗饭吃。Fortunatelyhehadgoodpenmanshipandsohecouldcopybooksforpeopletoearnmeals.可惜他又有一样坏脾气，便是好喝懒做。Butthenhehadthebadhabitofbeingaboozerandaslacker.坐不到几天，便连人和书籍纸张笔砚，一齐失踪。Aftersittingdownforafewdays,hewoulddisappearwithalltheemployersbooksandwritingaccessories.如是几次，叫他抄书的人也没有了。Afewtimesafterbehavinglikethis,noonewouldaskhimtocopybooksanymore.孔乙己没有法，便免不了偶然做些偷窃的事。KongYijihadnochoicebuttoengageinstealingoccasionally.但他在我们店里，品行却比别人都好，就是从不拖欠；Butinourtavernhewasbetterbehavedthanothersandforawhile,healwayspaidhisdebts.虽然间或没有现钱，暂时记在粉板上，Attimeshedidnothavecashandhisunpaidbalancewouldshowuptemporarilyonthechalkboard.但不出一月，定然还清，从粉板上拭去了孔乙己的名字。ButhewouldpaytheamountowinginfullwithinamonthandthenameKongYijiwouldbeerasedfromthechalkboard.-孔乙己喝过半碗酒，涨红的脸色渐渐复了原，Afterfinishingoffhalfabowlofwine,KongYijisreddenedfacegraduallyreturnedtonormal.旁人便又问道，“孔乙己，你当真认识字么？”Someonestandingaroundagainasked:“KongYiji,doyoureallyknowhowtoreadandwrite?”孔乙己看着问他的人，显出不屑置辩的神气。KongYijigavethepersonwhoaskedthequestionadisdainedlook.他们便接着说道，“你怎的连半个秀才也捞不到呢？”TheythencontinuedtoXiucaiintheImperialExam?ask:“Whycantyougetahalf”-decentjobbyqualifyingasa孔乙己立刻显出颓唐不安模样，KongYijirightawaybecamedepressedanduneasy.脸上笼上了一层灰色，嘴里说些话；这回可是全是之乎者也之类，一些不懂了。Hisfaceturnedpaleandhebegantomumblesomeincomprehensibleancientliteraryquotes.在这时候，众人也都哄笑起来：店内外充满了快活的空气。Bythattime,everyonelaughedoutloudandtheatmospherearoundthetavernturnedcheerful.-在这些时候，我可以附和着笑，掌柜是决不责备的。DuringthesetimesIcouldlaughedalongandtheshopkeeperwouldnotreproachme.而且掌柜见了孔乙己，也每每这样问他，引人发笑。AlsowhentheshopkeepersawKongYijihewouldaskhimsimilarquestionstogetotherstolaugh.孔乙己自己知道不能和他们谈天，便只好向孩子说话。KongYijiknewhecouldnotshootthebreezewiththoseadultsandwouldhavetotalktokids.有一回对我说道，“你读过书么？”Oncehesaidtome:“Didyoueverreadbooks?”我略略点一点头。Inoddedslightly.他说，“读过书，Hesaid:“Soyouhavereadbooks.我便考你一考。Letmegiveyouatest.茴香豆的茴字，怎样写的？”Howdoyouwritehui-thefirstofthethree-characterphrasemeaningfennelbeans?”我想，讨饭一样的人，也配考我么？InmymindIquestionedifapanhandlerwasgoodenoughtotestme?便回过脸去，不再理会。Iturnedmyheadaroundandignoredhim.孔乙己等了许久，很恳切的说道，“不能写罢？KongYijiwaitedalongtimeandsaidearnestly:“Youdontknowhowtowriteit?我教给你，记着！Letmeteachyouandrememberitwell!这些字应该记着。Thesewordsyoushouldremember.将来做掌柜的时候，写账要用。”Whenyoubecomeashopkeeper,youneedtousethemwhenyouwriteupthebookkeepingledgers.”我暗想我和掌柜的等级还很远呢，Ithoughttherewasalongwaytogofrommypositiontothelevelofshopkeeper.而且我们掌柜也从不将茴香豆上账；Besides,ourshopkeeperneverrecordedfennelbeansinthebooks.又好笑，又不耐烦，懒懒的答他道，“谁要你教，Ifeltitwasridiculousandbegantolosepatience,andsoIansweredhimhalf-heartedly:“Whowantsyourteaching.不是草头底下一个来回的回字么？”Isntit“cao”meaning“grass”ontop,and“hui”meaning“goingand”孔乙己显出极高兴的样子，KongYijilookedveryhappy.将两个指头的长指甲敲着柜台，点头说，“对呀对呀！Whiletappingthecounterwiththelongnailsoftwoofhisfingers,henoddedandsaid:“Thatscorrect回字有四样写法，Therearefourwaystowritethecharacter“hui”meaning“return”.你知道么？”Areyouawareofthat?”我愈不耐烦了，努着嘴走远。Iwasgettingmoreimpatientandsimplywalkedawaypoutingmylips.孔乙己刚用指甲蘸了酒，想在柜上写字，KongYijihadjustdippedhisfingernailsintothewineandwasabouttowriteonthecounter.见我毫不热心，便又叹一口气，显出极惋惜的样子。Butinseeingmylackinenthusiasm,hesighedandseeminglyfeltsorryaboutmyreaction.-“多乎哉?不多也。”Hesaidinhisclassicalstylelingo:“Doyouneedthatmuch?Itsnotnecessary.”-有几回，邻居孩子听得笑声，也赶热闹，Severaltimesneighborhoodchildrenheardthelaughterandcameovertocheckouttheexcitement.围住了孔乙己。TheysurroundedKongYiji.他便给他们一人一颗。Hegavethemabeaneach.孩子吃完豆，仍然不散，眼睛都望着碟子。Theydidnotleaveaftereatingthebeansandkeptstaringattheplate.孔乙己着了慌，伸开五指将碟子罩住，KongYijifrettedandspreadoutfivefingerstocoveruptheplate.弯腰下去说道，“不多了，我已经不多了。”Hebentdownandsaid:“Notthatmany.Idonthavethatmany.”直起身又看一看豆，自己摇头说，“不多不多！Hethenstraighteneduptolookatthebeans,shookhisheadandsaid:manyanymore!“Notthat多乎哉？Doyouneedthatmuch?不多也。”Itsnotnecessary.”于是这一群孩子都在笑声里走散了。Thenthegroupofchildrenlaughedandwentaway.-孔乙己是这样的使人快活，KongYijicheeredpeopleupinthosemanners.可是没有他，别人也便这么过。However,lifewentonforotherpeoplewithouthim.-有一天，大约是中秋前的两三天，掌柜正在慢慢的结账，OnedayaroundtwoorthreedaysbeforetheMid-AutumnFestivaltheshopkeeperwastakinghistimeindoingthebooks.取下粉板，忽然说，“孔乙己长久没有来了。Hetookdownthechalkboardandsaidallofasudden:“KongYijihasntcomeforalongtime.还欠十九个钱呢！”Hestillowesnineteencoppercoins.”我才也觉得他的确长久没有来了。Ifeltindeedhehadntcomeforalongwhile.一个喝酒的人说道，“他怎么会来？Acustomerwhocamefordrinksaid:“Howcouldhecome?他打折了腿了。”Someonebrokehislegs.”掌柜说，“哦！”Theshopkeepersaid:“Oh!”“他总仍旧是偷。“Asalwayshestillstolefromothers.这一回，是自己发昏，竟偷到丁举人家里去了。ThistimehewasoutofhismindandstolefromthehomeofImperialExamHighScorerOfficialDing.他家的东西，偷得的吗？”Arethingsinhishomesomethingyoucansteal?”“后来怎么样？”“Whathappenedafterwards?”“怎么样？先写服辩，后来是打，打了大半夜，再打折了腿。”“Whathappened?Firsthehadtomakeawrittenconfession.Thalfanightandhislegswerebroken.”henhewasbeatenupfor“后来呢？”“Thenwhathappened?”“后来打折了腿了。”“Afterwardshislegswerebroken.”“打折了怎样呢？”“Whathappenedwithhislegsbroken?“怎样？谁晓得？许是死了。”“Thenwhat?Whoknows?Maybehedied.”掌柜也不再问，仍然慢慢的算他的账。Theshopkeeperdidnotaskanymoreandcontinuedtodohisbooksmethodically.-中秋过后，秋风是一天凉比一天，AftertheMid-AutumnFestival,theweatherturnedcoolerdaybydaywiththeautumnwind.看看将近初冬；Earlywinterwasfastapproaching.我整天的靠着火，也须穿上棉袄了。IstayedclosetothefireplacealldayandyetIstillhadtowearaquiltedjacket.一天的下半天，没有一个顾客，我正合了眼坐着。OneafternoontherewasnocustomerandIwassittingdownwithmyeyesclosed.忽然间听得一个声音，“温一碗酒。”SuddenlyIheardavoice:“Warmmeabowlofwine.”这声音虽然极低，却很耳熟。Evenifthevoicewaslowyetitsoundedfamiliar.看时又全没有人。ButIcouldntseeanyone.站起来向外一望，那孔乙己便在柜台下对了门槛坐着。IstooduptolookoutsideandsawKongYijiwassittingunderneaththecounterfacingthethreshold.他脸上黑而且瘦，已经不成样子；Hisfacewasdark,skinnyandcompletelyoutofshape.穿一件破夹袄，盘着两腿，Hewaswearingatornquiltedjacketandsittingcross-legged.下面垫一个蒲包，用草绳在肩上挂住；Acattailbag,hangingwithastrawstringfromhisshoulder,cushionedunderneathhim.见了我，又说道，“温一碗酒。”Helookedatmeandsaidagain:“Warmmeabowlofwineplease.”掌柜也伸出头去，一面说，“孔乙己么？“IsthatKongYiji?你还欠十九个钱呢！”Youstillowenineteencoins.”孔乙己很颓唐的仰面答道，“这下回还清罢。Withadowncastexpression,KongYijilookedupandsaid:“Oh,Illpayyouoffnexttime.这一回是现钱，Thistimeisacashtransaction.酒要好。”Givemegoodwine.”掌柜仍然同平常一样，笑着对他说，“孔乙己，你又偷了东西了！”Asusual,theshopkeepersmiledandsaid:“KongYiji,youstealagain.”但他这回却不十分分辩，单说了一句“不要取笑！”Thistimearound,hedidnottrytoohardtoargueandsimplysaid:“Dontteaseme.”“取笑？“Youcallthatteasing?要是不偷，怎么会打断腿？”Ifyoudidntsteal,howdidyougetyourlegsbroken?”孔乙己低声说道，“跌断，跌，跌”KongYijisaidwithalowvoice:“Ibrokethemfromfallingdownfallingfalling.”他的眼色，很像恳求掌柜，不要再提。Itseemedtheexpressionfromhiseyeswaspleadingtheshopkeepernottomentiontheincidentanymore.此时已经聚集了几个人，便和掌柜都笑了。Bythenafewpeoplehadgatheredaroundandlaughedwiththeshopkeeper.我温了酒，端出去，放在门槛上。他从破衣袋里摸出四文大钱，放在我手里，Iwarmedthewine,carrieditoutandleftitonthethreshold.Hetookfourcoinsfromhistornpocketandputtheminmyhand.见他满手是泥，原来他便用这手走来的。Isawhishandswerefullofdirtandrealizedhewalkedoverwithhishands.不一会，他喝完酒，Afterawhile,hefinishedhiswine.便又在旁人的说笑声中，坐着用这手慢慢走去了。Amidstthejeersfromotherpeople,hewalkedoutslowlywithhishandsinasittingposition.-自此以后，又长久没有看见孔乙己。Fromthatdayonwards,IhadnotseenKongYijiforalongtime.到了年关，掌柜取下粉板说，“孔乙己还欠十九个钱呢！”BytheendoftheChineseNewYear,theshopkeepertookdownthechalkboardandsaid:“KongYijistillowednineteencoins.”到第二年的端午，又说“孔乙己还欠十九个钱呢！”NextyearonDragonBoatFestival,hesaidagain:coins.”“KongYijistillowednineteen到中秋可是没有说，ButonMid-AutumnFestivalhedidnotsaythesamethinganymore.再到年关也没有看见他。KongYijiwasnowheretobeseenbythetimetheendoftheChineseNewYearcame.-我到现在终于没有见UntilnowIhaventseenKongYiji.大约孔乙己的确死了。Hereallycouldhavedied.-写于一九一八年冬Writteninthewinterof1918.-