(完整word版)不定式和分词作状语的区别

不定式分词作状语区别不定式作状语可以表条件如: To look at him, you would like him.分词也可以作状语表条件如： Given a chance, I can surprise the world.但不定式作状语与分词作状语的区别是什么不明白可以互换么例如上面这两句不定式作状语可以作1）目的状语He sat down to have a rest. 他坐下来休息。 （坐下来的目的是为了休息）He went to France to learn French 。 他去法国学习法语。They stopped to ask the way. 他们停下来问路。2）作结果状语He work up to find everybody gone.他醒来发现大家都走了to find everybody gone 作work up的结果状语。3）表示喜怒哀乐的形容词作表语其后的不定式作原因状语I am very glad to see you. 见到你我非常高兴。 （ to see you 作 glad 的原因状语）4）在带有enough 或 too 的句子里，不定式作程度状语He is old enough to go to school.他到上学年龄了。5）动词不定式可以作目的状语常用in order to ( 为了 )或 so as to (以便 )+do 。 （ so as to 不用于居首）He got up early in order to catch the first bus.first bus作 got up的目的状语。他早起为了赶上第一班车。In order to catch the分词作状语1）作时间状语Hearing the noise, I turned round.听见响声我转过身去。Having done my shopping , I returned home.买完东西，我就回家了。2）表示原因Being League members , we are ready to help others.由于我们是团员，我们乐意帮助别人。Not knowing his address, I can t write to him由于不知道他的地址，我无法给他写信。3)表示条件Working hard, you will surely succeed. (=If you work hard, you )如果你努力工作，你就一定会成功。Given more time, we could have done it better. （ If we had been given more time, ）如果给我们时间多一些，我们本来会做得更好。4）表示伴随或方式The boy sat in front of the farm house cutting the branch.那男孩坐在农舍前， 小树枝。（伴随）He came running back to tell me the news.他跑回来告诉我这个消息。（方式）5）表示结果The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door.那孩子滑了一跤，头撞到了门上。分词和不定式作状语一般是不可以换的动词不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果， 而用现在分词作结果状语表示自然的结果。并且，充当结果状语的现在分词的逻辑主语有时并不是句子的主语，而是句子的内容或部分内容。He hurried to the station only to find the train gone. 他匆匆忙忙地赶到火车站，发现火车已经开走了。A lot of good land has gone with them , leaving only sand.许多好地也随之消失了，留下来的只是沙漠。不定式表示原因时，往往置于形容词之后，表示引起某种情绪变化的原因。分词表示原因时，往往位于句首，表示发生某一行为的原因。I m sorry not to have come on Tuesday.很抱歉没有在星期二来。Not having received a reply, he decided to write again.没有收到答复，他决定再写一遍。