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First compliance review of the application of the appraisal Committee, only through the compliance review of the application to take part in a detailed review. 8.1 application compliance review: does not meet one of the following conditions, procuratorial Agency to submit application through compliance reviews, be invalidated: (1) application of the formats, contents, meet the requirements of selected files, powers of Attorney, declarations by the legal representative and the tender agent application to meet the requirements; (2) licence and a bidding agent qualifications meet the requirements; (3) the similar project tendering agency agent number and provide proof of material compliance; (4) the tendering Agency intends to put into this project the number of professionals to meet the requirements; (5) are intended to the agent of the project as a project manager has similar projects the number of and references to meet the requirements; (6) no fraud case. 8.2 application review in detail the Evaluation Committee through compliance reviews will be selected for detailed review of the application. 8.2.1 tender agent institutions similar project tender performance requirements (16 points) tender agent institutions similar project tender performance 16 points, by two part composition (1) agent similar project of cumulative bid amount scored calculation rules for: Agent water project bid amount (on January 1, 2007 has has bid notice for associate) cumulative each reached 100 million Yuan have 2 points, water project cumulative bid amount scored up not over 6 points. In addition, completes a bid worth more than 500 million yuan in total 1 minute, but other items score accumulated winning amount up to a maximum of 6 points. (2) calculation rule for the number of agents similar projects: proxy bid amount (since January 1, 2007 winning notice shall prevail) bidding projects in more than 50 million Yuan by 2 points, but the Agency projects the number of scores up to 3 minutes. 8.2.2 to be agents of the construction project as a project manager in the same project performance (10 points) Project Manager agent performance scores including agents of the bidding agencies of similar projects, as well as in other similar project tendering agency service agent during performance. Total 10 Project Manager agent performance, made up of two parts (1) acting like the accumulated winning amount calculation rule: agents for water conservancy project bid amount (since January 1, 2007 winning notice for example) cumulative average reached 100 million Yuan 3 but scored no more than 5 minutes. (2) calculation rule for the number of agents similar projects: proxy bid amount (since January 1, 2007 winning notice for example) in the more than 50 million Yuan water conservancy project period of 3 minutes, but scores the number of agents similar projects up to a maximum of 5 points. Project Manager demonstrated to provincial-level and higher peoples Government or the development and Reform Commission published the winning bidder on the designated media publicity shall prevail. 8.2.3 staff requirement (25 points) 1, to the construction project serving personnel, 4 years experience in tendering agent, 2 points per person, 2 years experience in tendering agent .Pig is not a pig. With domestic international market and technology big environment of changes, as China traditional industry of pig production of job way and profit way are requirements related industry for resources integration, to quality security for premise, regulation based farming, and management cost and the production, and sales cost, go standardization, and scale, and intensive, and market road, fast upgrade whole industry chain of regulation capacity, market competition capacity and anti-risk capacity. First, industry analysis (a) the basic situation in China is a traditional hog production and consumption country, 2008 46.15 million tons of pork, pig stock 462.64 million head by the end pig slaughter 609.6 million. National pig industrys annual production value at around 650 billion yuan, nearly 50% per cent of annual output value of animal husbandry. Sichuan province in 2008 produced 6.52 million tons of pork, with 694,000 tons of Chengdu city, live pig sell 10.46 million, first 15 Vice-provincial cities in the country. The whole nation advantage regional planning (2008-2015) there are 437 counties (cities), 55, Sichuan, Chengdu has 7 (including in pengzhou). International pig industry mainly include the European Union, the United States, and Canada, and Brazil and other absolute scale of animal husbandry industry and technology developed countries. Market 1, the domestic market from Chinas meat consumption habits and economic analysis of the development situation, the emergence of new trends in the market of domestic pork and its products. Docking is a pig production and sales more closely. The Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and the Bohai rim economic developed area industrial structure adjustment gathered pace, two or three industries to the Central and Western bias. Second, the rigid domestic consumption growth. For a long period, pork is still the largest variety of meat consumption in China, the absolute consumption continues to grow. Especially in the vast rural market growth potential. Third, market for pork and higher product quality requirements. Pollution-free pork safety and health has shown a very good market prospects. Four is the market changing. Currently, cold meat, more and more varieties of meat and pork meat products, which accounted for a large proportion of pork consumption, stores, chain stores, supermarkets and other marketing methods is on the rise, and transport has been extended to more than 2000 km in RADIUS. Chengdu is an important River pig resource market, the citys commercial rate reaches above 60% of live pigs, pork and raw materials primary processing products in the domestic and international reputation is high. Western hog trading center in Chengdu and provides disease-free areas of construction in order to further accelerate the development of swine industry realizes space and conditions. 2, the international markets at present, annual volume of trade in live pigs in the world year around 18 million, about 6 million tons of pork trade. A large net exporter of pork is mainly the EU and North America,-importing countries mainly in Asia, Japan, and Korea, and Singapore, the Philippines, Hong Kong and other countries and regions, as well as Russia, about 3 million tonnes were imported. It is predicted that the world meat consumption increase of 80% in Asia in the future, our country has obvious geographical advantages, export potential. With the advancement of live pigs superiority industry belt construction, animal disease .南 昌 大学（11 水工毕业设计）说明书周小日4.1 application of the Chinese language application for proxy bidding agency application system. 4.2 bidding agent applications should be submitted by the Agency included in the 5th chapter of the content, and than select file asked to provide appropriate documentation. 4.3 proxy application shall affix its official seal coding and page by page in the specified location. Agent a copy of the application shall have to number the pages and signed original copy (copy) (including supporting documents), and copy should be exactly the same. 4.4 application there shall be no loose pages. 4.5 agent application should be complete with indelible ink (powdered) prints, the agent shall not alter any page of the application. 4.6 bidding agencies offer should be based on the interim measures for the management of tendering agents service charges (meter prices 20021980) rules of the Nineth, tender agent service charges using the difference progressive billing rate. Charges in accordance with the tendering agents service charges and, in conjunction with the provisions of the specific circumstances of the project shall not be floating up and down-floating range must not exceed 20%, otherwise the application cannot pass compliance checks, be invalidated. Due to bidding agency selection and principal-agent contracts signed during charging base bid amount has not yet been produced, it can only be according to the rates of price, bid and the bid amount determines after the end, controlled response rates calculated shall pay tender fee (tender agency fee accounts for the actual bidding agent item for fares). Than the selected person tendering agents service charge control the upper and lower limits, Cap for the State Development Planning Commission of the interim measures for the management of tendering agents service charges (meter prices 20021980) of tendering agents service fees under 100%, the lower limit for the State Development Planning Commission of the interim measures for the management of tendering agents service charges (meter prices 20021980) of tendering agents service fees under 80%. Tendering agents service charge base should include the following tenders: construction, supervision and material over the above tenders are expected to be important, with each tendering agency entrusted with tender bid amount as a base for a separate computation of tendering agents service fees. Tendering agents service fee payment in accordance with the General Office of the State development and Reform Commission on tendering agents service charge of notification on the relevant issues (the change price 2003857). Sale of prequalification documents and solicitation documents going to choose all, pricing should be based on the principle of profit not files, must not violate the relevant provisions in the price Department. 4.7 requirements in the form of application proxy application shall be prepared in the 5th chapter of the format. Application of various supporting documents should be requested by the selection of files grouped by order. Comparison and selection of the bidding agencies must provide supporting documents required by the file; the file you selected does not have the required supporting documents, bidding agency acknowledged the need to provide, or you can provide. Proxy application shall be bound, and page-by-page coded in the order. 5th chapter application format notes: bidding agent .2015 年 1 月 日目录第一章 工程概况1第二章 设计的基本资料及水库工程特性1第一节 设计的基本资料1第二节 水库工程特性4第三章 工程等别及枢纽布置5第一节 工程等别及建筑物的级别5第二节 枢纽布置6第四章 坝工设计7第一节 坝型的选择7第二节 坝的断面设计81. 坝顶高程82、坝顶宽度103、坝坡104、防渗体设计115 、排水设备11第三节 土石坝的渗流计算12第四节 土石坝坝坡稳定分析及计算184.1 设计说明184.2 .稳定计算19第五节 土石坝细部构造设计4351 坝顶435.2 护坡435.3 排水体455.4 坝体与坝基防渗设计465.5 土石坝土料的选择46第六节 地基处及裂缝处理48参考文献50心得51南昌工程学院毕业设计陶小伟第一章 工程概况伦潭水利枢纽工程位于铅山县天柱山乡境内，距县城约 50km，坝址地处铅山河支流 杨村水中游，是铅山河流域内具有防洪、灌溉、发电、供水及水产养殖等综合效益的控 制性工程。铅山河是信江中上游南岸的一条主要支流，发源于闽赣边境的武夷山脉。流域东邻 石溪水，西毗陈坊河，南靠武夷山，北抵信江，集雨面积 1255km2。流域内山高林密 ， 植被良好，气候温和，矿产资源丰富，尤以铜矿著称。铅山河流域理论电力蕴藏量约14108kWh，初步查明的可开发水电装机有 18.46104kW，可开发电量 6.7108kWh，其水力资源之丰富为信江之冠。 铅山河流域是我省暴雨中心之一，也是我省小流域治理规划的重点流域。伦潭水利枢纽工程项目在 2002 年 7 月已经国务院批准立项。第二章 设计的基本资料及水库工程特性第一节 设计的基本资料一、水文气象伦潭水利枢纽坝址处于铅山河支流杨村水中游。杨村水为信江二级支流，发源于武 夷山脉读书尖。河流自南向北流经篁碧、港口、天柱山、港东、杨村、五都等地，在下 坂与石塘水相汇后称铅山河。杨村水主河长 70km，流域面积 465km2，河道平均坡降 6.6。伦潭水库坝址以上集雨面积 242km2、主河长 41.9km，流域平均宽度 5.77km， 主河道平均比降 11.62。坝址附近无水文测站，选择铅山河流域内铁路坪水文站作为 参证站，由 1959 年至 2000 年共 42 年径流资料，推求坝址多年平均流量为 11.0m3/s， Cv=0.31,Cs=2.5Cv，多年平均径流深 1438.8mm，多年平均径流量 3.48?08m3。铅山河 为雨洪式河流，洪水与暴雨相应，多发生在 49 月份，洪水主要由锋面雨形成，台风雨 也能形成较大洪水。经分析计算，坝址设计洪水成果：校核洪水标准（P=0.1%)，相应 洪峰流量为 2640m3/s，洪量 W1=87.73?06m3、W3=154.17?06m3；设计洪水标准 （P=1%）、相应洪峰流量为 1500m3/s，洪量 W1=52.06?06m3、W3=92.08?06m3。铅 山河属少泥沙河流，坝址多年平均悬移质输沙量 4.55?04t、推移质输沙量 1.82?04t。铅山河流域属亚热带季风气候区，流域内各地多年平均气温 18.1，极端最高气温 40.1，极端最低气温-10.6，多年平均相对湿度 79%。多年平均降水量 1908.9mm， 最大年降水量 2856.7mm（1998 年），最小年降水量 1177.1mm（1971 年），多年平均蒸 发量 1550.4mm，多年平均风速 1.9m/s，实测最大风速 20.3m/s。二、工程地质1南昌工程学院毕业设计陶小伟本区处华南褶皱系、赣中南褶隆、饶南拗陷区。区内地势东南高、西北低，下游为 低山丘陵区，中上游属中低山中高山构造剥蚀地貌，不良物理地质现象不甚发育。 区内出露地层主要为燕山早期花岗岩。枢纽及库区处于次一级的陈坊永平八都区域隆 起构造带，未发现孕震断裂分布，不存在产生水库诱发地震的可能性，根据 GB18306-2001中国地震动参数区划图，本区地震动峰值加速度小于 0.05g，地震动反 应谱周期小于 0.35s，区域构造稳定性较好。水库区地层岩性单一，组成库盆、库岸的花岗岩体岩性坚硬，透水性弱，库周分水 岭雄厚，库区产生永久性渗漏的可能性小，库岸稳定性较好。未来库区淤积问题不大。 库区内未发现有工业开采价值的矿产资源及古文化遗址分布，淹没影响较小。不存在浸 没问题。坝区含上、下两个坝址，均属构造剥蚀中低山地貌，位于燕山早期侵入的伦潭岩体 上岩性，为细粒花岗岩，岩性单一，一般弱风化微新岩体为中等较好质量岩体。地质 构造较简单，未发现较大的断裂构造及顺河断层。构造节理主要为北东向和北西向两组， 卸荷裂隙发育不明显。坝区的地下水主要为基岩裂隙潜水。地下水埋深多受大气降水和地形条件及季节变 化等因素所控制。岩体透水性则受地形条件、节理裂隙的密度与贯通，节理裂隙充填状 况及岩体风化程度等多种因素影响，一般遵循自上而下，由大到小的规律。据水质分析 结果，坝区河水和地下水对混凝土具中等溶出型侵蚀性。上、下坝址存在的工程地质问题，主要为渗漏及坝肩稳定问题。由于岩体风化及节 理裂隙的影响，坝址基础开挖以后，建基面以下一般为弱中等透水岩体，需作防渗处 理。上坝址可利用基岩埋深较大，建基面以下透水岩体厚度也较大。下坝址拱坝方案右 坝肩，由于局部分布有缓倾角节理裂隙，其与坝区较发育的北西或北东向两组陡倾角结 构组合，存在与拱肩推力方向夹角很小的不利组合面，有沿该组面产生滑动的可能，对 拱肩稳定不利。就工程地质条件而言，上、下坝址均具备修建 90m 左右大坝的条件。而下坝址的工 程地质条件优于上坝址。据本阶段对三条引水隧洞、一条导流隧洞、一个溢洪道及三个发电厂房和下坝址上、 下游围堰作的地质勘探工作，这些建筑物均处于中低山地貌，围岩为细粒花岗岩，洞室 大部分置于弱风化微新岩体，地下水量不丰，地质构造较简单，洞线进出口及厂房区 未见较大的滑坡、崩塌等不良物理地质现象。各引水隧洞线及厂房均未发现大的工程地质问题。上、下游围堰不存在大的工程地质问题。三、筑坝材料及其物理力学性质（一）水库枢纽工程所需天然建材，石料可就地取材，储量及质量均可满足要求。 砂砾料在坝址区缺乏，需在坝区下游较远处采运，其中砂料质量可满足规范要求，但粗2南昌工程学院毕业设计陶小伟骨料级配较差，粗细骨料储量均可满足需求。 （二）重要物理力学设计指标 （1）坝址处地基物理力学设计指标坝址处具有砂质亚粘土覆盖层，河床处覆盖深度约为 5 米，两岸垂直坡面覆盖左岸 3 米，右岸 12 米。砂质亚粘土覆盖层物理力学指标如下：干容重=1.59/3 饱和容重誗=2.00/3浮容重=0.98/3 渗透系数 K=4.510-6/凝聚力=0.38/2 内摩擦角?20.570（2）筑坝材料 1.砂壤土干容重=1.70/3 饱和容重誗=2.10/3浮容重=1.00/3 渗透系数 K=2.510-5/凝聚力=0.29/2 内摩擦角?300湿容重=1.90/32、粘土防渗体干容重=1.65/3 饱和容重誗=2.07/3 浮容重=1.05/3 渗透系数 K=310-6/凝聚力=0.35/2 内摩擦角?240湿容重=1.85/3 3、砂砾料干容重=1.67/3 饱和容重誗=2.04/3 浮容重=0.99/3 渗透系数 K=210-2/凝聚力=0 内摩擦角?330湿容重=1.81/3 4、块石干容重=1.79/3 饱和容重誗=2.14/3 浮容重=1.19/3 内摩擦角?380 湿容重=1.85/3 5、址区洪水期多年平均最大风速 16/，吹程为 2.5 公里。 （三）砼与基岩抗剪指标及基础承载力 纯摩时 =0.6 =0 剪摩时 =0.9 =2.8/2基础承载力 骫=30/2砼容重=2.4/33南昌工程学院毕业设计陶小伟工作桥及启闭机作用于一个墩上荷载 45 吨，弧形门重 20 吨四、水库的运用要求伦潭水利枢纽工程位于铅山河流域杨村水中游，是以防洪、灌溉为主，兼顾发电、 供水和水产养殖的综合利用工程。经综合分析论证，伦潭工程规模基本选定为：水库正 常蓄水位 252.0m，死水位为 230.0m，防洪限制水位 250.0m，防洪高水位为 254.70m， 相应防洪库容为 0.261?08m3，调节库容 0.938?08m3，水库总库容 1.798?08m3；灌 溉农田面 10.62 万亩；电站装机容量 20.0MW ；枯水季节能为下游工矿企业补充1500104m3 生产生活用水。伦潭水利 枢纽工程综合利用效益显著。在防洪方面：经水库调蓄可使下游沿河两岸 和港东、杨林、五铜、永平、鹅湖、福惠等 7 个乡（镇）的村镇和农田、永平铜矿的供 水设施和尾矿污水排放设施、横 南铁路线和上饶联络段铁路线以及铅山县河口镇的防 洪标准由 5 年一遇提高到 20 年一遇；在灌溉方面：从水库坝下取水可灌溉下游铅山西 部灌区的杨林、五铜、福惠、虹桥、汪二、河口茶场、新安埠、汪二垦殖场等九个乡（镇、 场）的 10.62 万亩，农田灌溉保证率达 90%；在发电方面：电站装机 2?0.0MW，年发 电量 6074?04kW.h，保证出力 4520kW，年利用小时 3037h；在供水方面：枯水季节能 补充下游工矿企业生活生产用水 1500?04m3。第二节 水库工程特性正常蓄水位 252.00 防洪高水位 254.70 设计洪水位（P=1） 254.75 相应下泻流量 9753/ 相应下游水位 176.43 校核洪水位 256.45 相应下泻流量 13103/ 相应下游水位 177.51死水位230.00水电站装机容量210MW总库容1.798 亿3河床地面高程170m4南昌工程学院毕业设计陶小伟第三章 工程等别及枢纽布置第一节 工程等别及建筑物的级别该水库总库容为 1.798108m，电站装机容量为 2104kw。按照水利水电枢纽工 程等级划分及设计标准，综合考虑水库总库容,防洪效益,灌溉面积,电站装机容量,工程 规模, 查教材水工建筑物表 1-1分等指标工程工程水库库容防洪灌溉面积电站装机等别规模容量保护城市保护农田（亿 m3 ）（万亩）及工矿区（万亩）（万 kw）特别重要一大（1）型10的城市、工50015075矿区二大（2）型101重要城市、500100150507525工矿区三中型10.1中等城市、10030505252.5工矿区四小（1）型0.10.01一般城市、3050.52.50.05工矿区五小（2）型0.010.50.050.001工程等别永久性建筑物的级别临时性建筑物的级别主要建筑物次要建筑物123234345455555该工程等别为等，工程规模为大（2）型，主要建筑物为 2 级，次要建筑物为 3 级， 临时性建筑物为 4 级。永久性水工建筑物洪水标准:正常运用(设计)洪水重现期 100 年;非常运用(校核) 洪水 重现期 2000 年。永久性水工建筑物的洪水标准：永久性挡水建筑物和泄水建筑物正常洪水（设计时） 的重现期为 100 年，非常运用洪水（校核时）的重现期为 2000 年；水电站厂房正常与 非正常运用洪水标准分别为 50 年和 500 年；临时性水工建筑物采用洪水标准为 2030 年。5南昌工程学院毕业设计陶小伟第二节枢纽布置一、布置原则选址的原则：(1) 首先，应尽量选择地形上最有利的坝址，如坝轴线较短，河谷较窄，便于布 置泄水建筑物等。 (2) 坝址与地质条件是影响坝址选择的最重要因素之一。 (3) 坝址附近的建筑物分布情况，影响到坝址的选择。 (4) 水库区的淹没情况也是选择坝址的重要因素。 (5) 坝址还必须结合河流规划统一考虑。 (6) 施工条件也是选择坝址的因素之一。 (7) 水库及水利枢纽的管理条件也应在选择坝址时予以应有注意。 (8) 施工工期长短也影响着坝址的选择。 综合以上所有因素充分进行调查研究，权衡利弊，综合考虑选定坝址。 在所有的坝型中，土石坝由于基础面积较大，承担的应力较低，对地基要求较低。二、坝址的选择根据设计基本资料工程地质分析，坝区含上、下两个坝址，上、下坝址均未发现较 严重的地质问题，两处坝址均有条件建设 90m 左右的大坝，而下坝址的工程地质条件优 于上坝址。故大坝选于下坝址。三、坝轴线选择为了较好地利用两岸的山体，坝轴线选在-，断面上。6南昌工程学院毕业设计陶小伟第四章坝工设计第一节 坝型的选择坝型选择关系到整个地形的工程量、投资的工期，除筑坝材料是坝型选择的主要因 素外，还要根据地形地质条件、气候条件、施工条件、坝基处理方案、抗震要求等各种 因素进行研究比较，最后选定技术上可靠、经济上合理的坝型 工程中主要的坝型有重力坝、拱坝、土石坝，现对各种坝型进行比较：1、重力坝 重力坝基本形状呈三角形，上游面铅直或稍微倾向上游，坝底与基岩固结，建成挡水后依靠自重维持稳定。 重力坝的优点：筑坝材料强度高，耐久性好，抵抗洪水漫顶，渗漏冲刷，地震破坏等的能力强；对地质、地形条件适应性强，一般建与基岩上；重力坝可做成溢流 的，也可在坝内设置泄水孔，枢纽布置紧凑；结构作用明确；施工方便。缺点：由于坝体剖面尺寸往往由于稳定和坝体拉应力强度条件控制而做的较大， 材料用量多，坝内压应力较低，材料强度不能充分发挥，且坝底面积大，因而扬压力也 较大，对稳定不利；因坝体体积较大，施工期混凝土温度收缩应力也较大，为防止温 度裂缝，施工时对混凝土温度控制的要求较高。2、拱坝 拱坝是三面固结与基岩上的空间壳体结构，拱向上游凸出，且不设永久性分缝。 拱坝的优点：具有双向传力的性能；拱是推力结构；拱坝具有较高的超载能力；拱坝轻韧，富有弹性而整体性好，借助岩基对地质功能的吸收，它又具有较强的 抗震能力。缺点：拱坝是不设永久性横缝的整体朝静定结构，设计时需计入温度变化和地基 位移对坝体应力的影响；拱坝体形复杂；设计施工难度大，对施工质量、筑坝材料 强度和防渗要求，以及对地形地质条件及地基要求均较高。3、选用土石坝 土石坝是指由当地土料石料或土石混合料填筑而成的坝。土石坝的优点：就地取材，与混凝土相比，节省大量水泥，钢材和木材，且减少 了筑坝材料远途运输费用；对地质地、形条件要求较低，任何不良地基经处理后也均 可筑土坝；施工方法灵活，技术简单，且管理方便，易于加高扩建。缺点：不允许坝顶溢流，所需溢洪道或其他泄水建筑物与造价往往很大，；在 河谷狭窄，洪水流量大的河道上施工导流较混凝土坝困难；采用粘性土料施工受气候 条件影响较大。本设计中，伦潭水库的防护坝地处山区交通条件差，公路标准低，运输不方便，如7南昌工程学院毕业设计陶小伟从外运入筑坝材料，工程投资大大增加，因此不运用重力坝。拱坝应力分布均匀，不利 于发挥材料强度，节省工程量，但对地质和地形要求严格，通常要求对称均匀，因此地 形不对称，且地形地质条件也不甚好，如采用拱坝。坝体相对条件差，不利于坝体强度 稳定，设计施工复杂。因此不宜选拱坝，伦潭水库防护坝因当地土料、沙砾料、石料丰 富，可就地取材，节省大量运输费用，并且综合考虑土坝与其他坝型相比具有的特点， 最终选择土石坝。影响土石坝坝型选择的因素很多，其主要的是坝址附近的筑坝材料，还有地形与地 质条件、气候条件、施工条件、坝基处理、抗震要求等。通过对各种因素进行比较，选 定技术上可行，经济上合理的坝型。由于坝址处雨水多，黏土施工较为困难，故也不易采用厚心墙坝和厚斜墙坝。沥青 混凝土具有极佳的防渗性能及适应变形能力。故本设计采用沥青混凝土斜墙坝。第二节 坝的断面设计土石坝剖面的基本尺寸包括:坝顶高程、坝顶宽度、上下游坝坡，防渗体与排水体的形式与尺寸等。1. 坝顶高程为防止库水浸溢坝顶，坝顶水库静水位以上应有足够的波浪超高。碾压式土石坝 设计规范，（SDJ218-84）规定，其值按下式计算：Y=R+e+A （4-1） e=KV2D*cos/2gH (4-2)坝顶2静水位2图3-1坝顶超高计算简图式中：e 风沿水面吹过所形成的水面升高 即风壅水面超出库水位的高度，m8南昌工程学院毕业设计陶小伟R 自风壅水面算起的波浪沿倾斜坝坡爬升的垂直高度，简称波浪爬高，m D 水库吹程，km 或 mH 沿水库吹程方向的平均水域深度，初拟时可近似取坝前水深，mk 综合摩阻系数，其值变化在（1.55.0）10-3 之间。计算一般取 3.610-3 0 D 以 km 计）或 3.610-6 （D 以 m 计） v 计算风速，m/s 正常运用条件下的、级坝采用v （1.52.0）v多（多 年平均最大风速），正常运用条件下的 、级坝采用v 1.5 v多 ，非常运用条件下的各级土石坝采用v v多 。风向与坝轴线的夹角，（1） =0A 安全加高，见表 3.1 正常 A=1.5 非常 A=1.0表 4.1堤 顶 级 别堤顶类型及运用情况1234、5安 全 超 高土坝、土堤正常1.51.00.70.5非常1.00.70.50.3混 凝 土 闸正常0.70.50.40.3坝、浆砌块非常0.50.40.30.2石闸坝1.1.正常运用情况下计算坝顶高程1.9mV 22 1.9 3.
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