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Unit 3一单词拼写一单词拼写 请根据给出的读音、词性和词义请根据给出的读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。写出下列单词。1. _ trAns5pC:t vt.& n. 运送运送2._ pri5fE: vt. 更喜欢更喜欢3. _ pE5sweid vt.说服，劝说说服，劝说4. _ 5rAdjueit v. 毕业毕业5. _ 5C:Enaiz vt.组织组织6. _ di5tE:min vt.决定，决定， 确定确定7._ 5Atitju:d n.态度态度8._ 5fC:kB:st vt.&. n.预报预报9. _ ri5laiEbl adj.可靠的可靠的10. _ bi5ni:W prep. 在在.下下面面 transport preferpersuadegraduateorganizedetermineattitudeforecastreliablebeneath11. _ fZEn.费用费用12._5dVE:nl n.日记，杂志日记，杂志13. _ 5faInElI adv. 最终，终于最终，终于14._bend vi. & vt.弯身，使弯曲弯身，使弯曲15._ 5Altitju:d n.海拔高度海拔高度16._ flEu vi. & n.流动，流量流动，流量17._ 7disEd5vB:ntidV n.不利条件，劣不利条件，劣势势18. _ 5stQbEn adj. 顽固的，固执的顽固的，固执的19. _ in5FuErEns n.保险保险20. _ bCil vi. &vt.沸腾，煮沸沸腾，煮沸 fare journalfinallybendaltitudeflowdisadvantagestubborninsuranceboil 二单词运用二单词运用 根据句子的结构和意义，在空格根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词。处填入一个恰当的单词。1. The businessman usually _ his goods from Hong Kong to Guangzhou by ship.2. Tim _ football _ basketball.3. I tried to _ him to leave there as soon as possible, but failed.4. She _from university ten years ago.5. They _ an activity for those who had nowhere to go on New Years Eve. transports prefers topersuadegraduatedorganized6. Xiao Huang has _to carry out his plan for the project.7. Whats your _ to his betrayal of his country?8. The authority failed to _the storm, which caused so much damage.9. He is a _person and you can share this secret with him.10. The office which charges the fare for the entrance to this national park lies _ this small hill.determinedattitudeforecastreliablebeneath三词语派生三词语派生 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1. He employed a truck to transport the fruits and the _cost 1000 Yuan. (transport)2. We need to balance the_ and disadvantages before we take action. (disadvantage)3. Mr. Green tried to persuade his wife to follow his idea. To his great joy, his _ worked! (persuade)4. We feel grateful to that international _which organized this project. (organize)transportationadvantagesorganizationorganization 5. My father is a _ person. Once he determines to do something, he will sticks to his plan. (determine)6. Uncle Li worked in a factory after his _ from university. (graduate)7. All car owners are supposed to buy _ in case of accidents. (insure)8. My sister is not an independent person. She _ on others too much. (reliable)9. We were told that that was _decision and we had to give in finally. (finally)10. The population is increasing _ in this area. (rapid)determinedgraduation insurance reliesfinalrapidly四词组互译四词组互译 将下列词组或短语翻译成中文或英语。将下列词组或短语翻译成中文或英语。1. _ 从那以后从那以后2. _ 喜欢喜欢3. _ 关心，忧虑关心，忧虑4. _ 改变注意改变注意5. _ 下决心，决定下决心，决定6. _ 投降，让步投降，让步7._ 照常照常8._ 在午夜在午夜9. _ 梦见，向往梦见，向往10. _ 树立，搭起树立，搭起 ever since be fond ofcare aboutchange ones mindmake up ones mindgive inas usualat midnightdream about/ofput up11. be familiar with _12. in our daily life _13. persuade sb to do sth _14. a determined look _15. graduate from the university _16. from where it begins to where it ends _17. lie beneath the stars _18. put up the tent _19. take a bike trip _20. the attitude towards sth _ 对对 熟悉熟悉 在我们的日常生活中在我们的日常生活中劝说某人去做某事劝说某人去做某事一个坚定的眼神一个坚定的眼神从大学毕业从大学毕业从源头到终点从源头到终点躺在星空下躺在星空下支起帐篷支起帐篷骑自行车旅行骑自行车旅行对某事的态度对某事的态度五词组运用五词组运用根据句子所提供的语境，从第四大题中选出一根据句子所提供的语境，从第四大题中选出一个适当的词组并用其适当形式填空。个适当的词组并用其适当形式填空。1. I had a dinner together with Aunt Lin two years ago and we havent met _then.2. Most of my classmates _ sports, and so am I.3. He is so selfish as to _ himself only.4. Once he_ to do something, he will not _again.makes up his mindchange his mind ever sinceare fond ofcare about5. The poor girl_ her parents living far away at midnight and could not help crying.6. Li Hui had to _ to his teammates in terms of the expense for activity.7. The policeman went to work_ and _ a notice board reading: No parking here.dreamed ofgive inas usualput up六、介词填空六、介词填空 请用恰当的介词填空。请用恰当的介词填空。1. What is the difference _ pronunciation _ the two words?2. Frank came _ the morning of my birthday.3. Please write _ ink and dont forget to write _ every other line.4. The ship has been floating _ the water for a week.5. She looks quite young _ her age.6. Your advice is _ great value to us.7. We all look _ him as a good teacher.8. We must learn to tell right _ wrong.9. You did right _ advising him not to take the risk.10.Japan lies _ the east of China.in betweenoninononforofonfromintoLanguage points for reading 1Language points1. Ever since middle school my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. 从中学起从中学起, 我姐姐王薇和我梦想作一我姐姐王薇和我梦想作一次了不起的自行车旅行次了不起的自行车旅行。ever since 从那时起从那时起ever since you left me自从你离开了我自从你离开了我 Ive been try to hide the pain.我一直在掩饰内心的伤痛我一直在掩饰内心的伤痛 用法用法,一般就是可用在句首一般就是可用在句首,自从的自从的意思意思. 主句用现在完成时主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时从句用一般过去时 eg. Ever since he moved to London, I havent seen him. ever since用在句尾时用在句尾时,所表达的时间应所表达的时间应在上文中交待出来或是听话者知道的在上文中交待出来或是听话者知道的那个时间那个时间:就从那时起就从那时起,一直到现在一直到现在 dream about = dream of 梦见梦见, 梦想梦想My younger brother dreams of becoming a spaceman. He always dreams about traveling around the world.注意注意dreamdreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamt2then she persuaded me to buy one.persuade sb. to do sth. persuade sb. into doing sth. persuade sb. that-clause persuade sb. out of doing sth. He persuaded her to go /into going with them.It will be difficult to persuade them that theres no other choice.I persuaded him out of smoking.persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人干了某事说服某人干了某事advise sb. to do sth.试着说服某人干了某事试着说服某人干了某事,但不一定成功但不一定成功3. Wang Wei soon got them interested in cycling too.“get sb./sth. +形容词或分词形容词或分词” 表示表示“使某人或某物处于某种状态使某人或某物处于某种状态”Have you got the supper ready？He didnt want to get himself involved in the matter.4. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.是我姐姐首先想到骑自行车沿湄公是我姐姐首先想到骑自行车沿湄公河从它的源头行走到入海口。河从它的源头行走到入海口。 这是一个强调句。这是一个强调句。 强调句的结构是：强调句的结构是： It was/is+强调成分强调成分+that-/who-分句分句如果强调的部分是人如果强调的部分是人,可用可用who,也可用也可用that, 强调其他成分与内容都用强调其他成分与内容都用that。注意注意e. g. It was in Shanghai that I saw the film. (强调地点状语强调地点状语) 我看这部电影是在上海。我看这部电影是在上海。强调时间和地点不能用强调时间和地点不能用when或或where，只用只用that。根据上下文和语义意图根据上下文和语义意图,说话人可以通说话人可以通过强调句分别强调主语过强调句分别强调主语, 宾语宾语, 状语状语, 使使之成为信息中心。之成为信息中心。All the members held a meeting in the club yesterday.all the members that/who held a meeting in the club yesterday. (强调主语强调主语, was不能换用不能换用were) It wasa meeting that all the members held in the club yesterday. (强调宾语强调宾语a meeting)It wasin the club that all the members held a meeting yesterday. (强调地点状语强调地点状语,that不可换用不可换用 where) yesterday that all the members held a meeting in the club. (强调时间状语强调时间状语that不可换用不可换用 where)把这个句子的不同成分改成强调句。把这个句子的不同成分改成强调句。John gave Mary a handbag at Christmas.高考链接高考链接Was it _ that I saw last night at the concert?A. you B. not you C. you D. that yourself练一练练一练It was because of bad weather _ the football match had to be put off.A. so B. so that C. why D. thatWho is making so much noise in the garden?_ the children.A. It is B. They are C. That isD. There are5. then she persuade me to buy one.然后她动员我也买了一辆然后她动员我也买了一辆. persuade vt.说服说服; 劝服劝服; vi.被说服被说服persuadesb. sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事使某人相信某事sb. that clausesb. (not) to do sth. sb. into / out of doing sth.Bear them in your mind!persuade sb. to do sth. = persuade sb into doing sth. persuade sb. not to do sth. = persuade sb out of doing sth.e.g. I persuaded him to do it. = persuade him into doing it. 我已说服他做这件事。我已说服他做这件事。Compare ! 高考链接高考链接While shopping, people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need.A. to persuade B. persuadingC. being persuade D. be persuaded如果如果“劝说劝说”不服不服, 不能直接用不能直接用persuade, 而应用而应用try to persuade或或advise, 或者用或者用persuade的否定式。的否定式。e.g. Some of us advised him to change his mind but no one could persuade him to do so.注意注意1. I _ him not to smoke, but he didnt think it necessary. A. persuaded B. advised C. hoped D. suggested2. I was able at last to _ my mother to follow my advice. A. suggest B. advise C. persuade D. leave off 实例实例6. Although she didnt know the best way of getting get to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly. 虽然她对过去某些地方的最佳路线并虽然她对过去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这此旅游不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这此旅游安排得尽善尽美。安排得尽善尽美。although, though引导让步状语从句不引导让步状语从句不能再和能再和but, and, however连用连用, 但可以但可以和副词和副词yet, still连用。连用。although从句多放在句首从句多放在句首, though从句从句可在主句前，中，后任何位置，而且可在主句前，中，后任何位置，而且though可以作副词用于句末，作可以作副词用于句末，作 “但但是，不过是，不过”讲，而讲，而although无此用法。无此用法。1) insist on/upon ones doing sth 坚持做坚持做,坚决做坚决做 e.g. I insisted on/upon his coming with us.2) insist that +从句坚持说从句坚持说(后表示一个事后表示一个事实实), 后接的从句用陈述语气后接的从句用陈述语气, 既按需要既按需要选择时态。选择时态。 3) insist that sb. (should) do sth. 坚决坚决主张做某事主张做某事, 后接的宾语从句常用后接的宾语从句常用虚拟语气虚拟语气, 既既 “should +v.” e.g. Mary was ill. Her parents insisted that she (should) see a doctor.e.g. He insisted that he hadnt stolen the girls handbag.I insisted that a doctor _ immediately.A. has been sent for B. sent forC. will be sent for D. be sent for高考链接高考链接5. My sister doesnt care about details. 我姐姐是不会考虑细节的。我姐姐是不会考虑细节的。 care about : be worried about 忧虑忧虑,关心关心e.g. He doesnt care much about what happens to me.care for sb/sth : look after, love or like希望希望, 喜欢喜欢, 照顾照顾1) Would you care for a drink?2) He cares for her deeply.3) Who will care for your child if you are out?7. She gave me a determined look the kind that she wouldnt change her mind.她坚定地看了我一眼她坚定地看了我一眼-这眼神表明她这眼神表明她不会改变主意。不会改变主意。 1) determine to do sth.e.g. He determined to learn French.2) determine +从句从句e.g. She determined that she would never see him again. 3) determine +疑问词疑问词+ to doe.g. Have you determined where to spend the holiday next week? determined adj. 坚决的坚决的, 有决心的有决心的 be determined to do sth. 决心做决心做e.g. She was determined to go to university.change ones mind 改变某人的主意改变某人的主意e.g. No matter what you say, I wont change my mind.Bear them in your mind!make up ones mind 下定决心下定决心read ones mind 看出某人的心思看出某人的心思speak ones mind 直言不讳直言不讳give/ put ones mind 专心于专心于keepin mind 记住记住8. When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5000 meters, she seemed to be excited about it. 当我告诉她我们将当我告诉她我们将在海拔在海拔5000米处开始旅程米处开始旅程, 她好像她好像对此很兴奋。对此很兴奋。at an altitude of = at a height of 在海拔在海拔米处米处e.g. The plane is flying at a height / altitude of 10,000 feet.注意注意at 在此处表在此处表 “在在处处/时时, 以以”后接年龄后接年龄, 速度速度, 长长宽深高宽深高, 价格价格, 费用等费用等 at the age of at a high / low price at a depth/width of at the cost of at a distance of 9. When I told her the air would be hard to breath and it would be very cold 当我告诉她将呼吸困难当我告诉她将呼吸困难, 天气严寒天气严寒主语主语 + be + adj.+ to do sth. 是一常用句是一常用句式既不定式用主动形式表达被动含义式既不定式用主动形式表达被动含义e.g. The problem is really hard to work out. My boss is easy to deal with.不定式和主语之间是逻辑动宾关系，不定式和主语之间是逻辑动宾关系，使用及物动词的主动形式，因此不及使用及物动词的主动形式，因此不及物动词要加相应的介词。物动词要加相应的介词。这一结构中的形容词往往是表示心理这一结构中的形容词往往是表示心理活动的，接不定式时活动的，接不定式时, 不定式的逻辑不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语主语是句子的主语, 主动用主动用to do, 被动被动用用to be done;也可以接从句。也可以接从句。注意注意这类形容词有这类形容词有surprised, moved, disappointed, pleased, happy, sad, delighted, sorry, interested, glad, worried, etc.10. Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. Finally, I had to give in.Once可以作状语从句的连词，意味可以作状语从句的连词，意味“一旦一旦”。如：。如：Make up ones mind 下决心下决心Change ones mind 改变主意改变主意Once you show fear, he will attack you. 你一旦显出害怕，他就会攻击你。你一旦显出害怕，他就会攻击你。Once you make a promise, you should keep it.你一旦许诺，就要兑现。你一旦许诺，就要兑现。11. Finally, I had to give in. 最后最后, 我只好让步。我只好让步。 give in (to sb./sth.) 屈服于屈服于, 让步让步, 递递交交give up 放弃放弃, 认输认输 give out 筋疲力尽；分配筋疲力尽；分配give away 捐赠捐赠, 泄露泄露e.g. He had to give in to my views. Its time you gave in your papers.1) After the long trip, both the men and the horses _.2) Because of his small salary, he had to _ his dream trip to Europe.3) Seeing that he could not persuade me, he had to _ my view.gave outgave upgave in to练一练练一练4) He _ most of his fortune to the poor.5) Please keep the secret, dont _ it _. gave awaygave away12. It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, traveling across western Yunnan Province. 穿过深谷流经云南省西部时它变成穿过深谷流经云南省西部时它变成急流急流.across through prep. 穿过穿过 （山）谷；流域（山）谷；流域across 常表示从一定范围的一边常表示从一定范围的一边到另一边或事物交叉位置到另一边或事物交叉位置, “横穿横穿, 横跨横跨” 表面表面, 含义与含义与on 有关有关through 表达两边穿过或穿过空间表达两边穿过或穿过空间内部内部, 含义与含义与in 有关有关over表示表示 “越过越过” 是指越过较高是指越过较高的物体从一侧到另一侧的物体从一侧到另一侧辨析辨析: e.g. She swam across the river. The river flows through the city from west to east. Walk across the square and go through the gate, then youll come to the cafe. The thief climbed over the wall and ran away. The new railway winds its way to Hong Kong, _ mountains _ tunnels and _ rivers.A.across; over; throughB. over; across; throughC. over; through; acrossD. through; over; across实例实例backLanguage points for Reading IILanguage points1. To climb the mountain road was hard work but . 上山很难上山很难,但是。但是。(1) 不定式作主语不定式作主语, 谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数, 可以用形式主语可以用形式主语it.e.g. To learn a foreign language is important for your future work. =It is important for your future work to learn a foreign language. Is it necessary to complete the design before National Day?2. At this point we had to change our caps, coats, gloves and trousers for T-shirts and shorts. 到了这里我们不得不把帽子到了这里我们不得不把帽子, 外套外套和裤子换成和裤子换成T恤和短裤。恤和短裤。 changefor替换或代替某人替换或代替某人（或某事物）（或某事物） 如：如： Im thinking of moving and changing my house for a larger one. change into 换上换上.衣服衣服Youre supposed to change into your working clothes. get changed 换好衣服换好衣服change 可作名词可作名词 “零钱零钱”讲讲change A for B 用换用换Sara, hurry up. Im afraid you wont have time to_ before the party.A. get changed B. get changeC. get changing D. get to change高考链接高考链接3. In the early evening we always stopped to make camp. 傍晚我们停下来宿营。傍晚我们停下来宿营。 camp n. C, U 野营野营, 营地营地, 营帐营帐 make camp 扎营扎营, 宿营宿营go camping 去露营去露营, 去野营去野营短语短语At weekends many Australians go walking or camping in the countryside, called the bush.4. We put up our tent and then we eat. 我们先搭起帐篷然后吃饭。我们先搭起帐篷然后吃饭。 Bear them in your mind!put up 举起举起, 抬起抬起 = raise 挂起挂起, 张贴张贴 建造建造, 搭起搭起 = build 住宿住宿, 留宿留宿e.g. He put up his hand to catch the teachers attention. A new notice has been put up on the board. A new theatre will be put up where there used to be a temple. Will you put me up for the night?learn by heartput away 把把收起来收起来, 存放存放put back 放回原处放回原处put down 放下放下, 写下写下, 镇压镇压put forward 提出提出put off 推迟推迟, 拖延拖延put out 扑灭扑灭, 伸出伸出put ones heart to 全神贯注于全神贯注于put an end to 使结束使结束开放思维开放思维5.There was almost no wind only the flames of our fire for company.(晚上晚上)几乎没有风，只有篝火的火几乎没有风，只有篝火的火焰与我们作伴。焰与我们作伴。For company 作伴作伴; 一起。一起。The old woman lives on her own and have a dog for company.那老妇人自己主，有一条狗作伴。那老妇人自己主，有一条狗作伴。6.We can hardly wait to see them! 我们迫不及待的想要见到他们。我们迫不及待的想要见到他们。cant wait/can hardly wait to do sth.迫不及待要做某事，常用于口语体。迫不及待要做某事，常用于口语体。Stella couldnt wait to get home after such a long and tiring journey.经过这此漫长而疲惫的旅行，斯黛经过这此漫长而疲惫的旅行，斯黛拉迫不及待第想回到家里拉迫不及待第想回到家里GrammarTHE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE FOR FUTURE ACTIONS1)Betty is going off (leaving for) to Guangzhou by plane tomorrow.2)Bob is going to the airport by taxi next week.Students find the rules by observing the following sentences:3) Jane is staying in Xian with her parents.4) Bob is coming with Betty to see her off. 此四句是现在进行时代替将来时，表示一个最近按计此四句是现在进行时代替将来时，表示一个最近按计划或安排打算要进行的动作，这类动词通常是瞬间划或安排打算要进行的动作，这类动词通常是瞬间动作，只限于少数动词，常见的有：动作，只限于少数动词，常见的有： go, come, leave, sleep, stay, play, do, have, take, get to, see off, etc.小结：小结：1）How are you feeling today?2）He is always thinking others.3）You are always leaving things about.4）He is always talking big.亲切亲切赞许赞许不满不满厌烦厌烦此四句是现在进行时代替一般现在时，此四句是现在进行时代替一般现在时，表示一个经常性重复的动作或状态，这表示一个经常性重复的动作或状态，这时句中常带时句中常带always 或或forever, 以表示说以表示说话人的某种表情，如赞叹，厌烦，埋怨，话人的某种表情，如赞叹，厌烦，埋怨，等或强调情况的暂时性使其生动。等或强调情况的暂时性使其生动。The Present Continuous Tense for the present actions：小结：小结：1)The plane takes off at 9:30.2)My plane leaves at 7:00.3)When does the winter holiday begin?4)What time does the train leave for Shanghai? 此四句表示将来的事情已经此四句表示将来的事情已经“列入日程列入日程” 或按计划或按计划将要发生，则用一般现在时代替将来时，但仅限于将要发生，则用一般现在时代替将来时，但仅限于少数动词少数动词begin, go, leave, start, take 等。等。小结：小结：(1)表示现在进行时的动作有两种含义：表示现在进行时的动作有两种含义：表示说话的时刻正在进行的动作，常与时间状语表示说话的时刻正在进行的动作，常与时间状语now, at the moment等连用。等连用。表示现在阶段正在进行的动作，而不一定是说话时表示现在阶段正在进行的动作，而不一定是说话时正在进行的动作，常正在进行的动作，常与与today, this week, this term等等连用。连用。现在进行时用法归纳现在进行时用法归纳 Eg. Right now it is the summer vacation and Im helping my dad on the farm.现在是暑假，我在农场帮我爸爸干活。现在是暑假，我在农场帮我爸爸干活。Im sitting on a rock near the river with my friends.我和我的朋友们正坐在河边的一块岩石上。我和我的朋友们正坐在河边的一块岩石上。(2)表示反复性或习惯性的动作，常与表示反复性或习惯性的动作，常与副词副词always, continually等连用，表示等连用，表示说话人的赞扬，厌恶，不满，遗憾等的说话人的赞扬，厌恶，不满，遗憾等的感情色彩。感情色彩。Eg. Shes always changing her mind.她老是改变主意。（厌烦）她老是改变主意。（厌烦）(3)表示表示不久之后肯定将发生，或按计划或安排将要做的事不久之后肯定将发生，或按计划或安排将要做的事(常与未来的时间状语连用常与未来的时间状语连用)能这样用的动词多是表示能这样用的动词多是表示 “位位移移” “停留停留”的，如的，如come, go , leave, arrive, start, begin等。等。Eg. Mother is taking us home to see my grandma on Sunday. 星期天母亲将带我们回老家看我祖母。星期天母亲将带我们回老家看我祖母。He will write you a letter next week.他下个星期会给你写信。他下个星期会给你写信。小结小结：will/shall+动词原形，表示将来某个间要发生的动动词原形，表示将来某个间要发生的动作或存在的状态；或表示自然趋势或非主语意志。作或存在的状态；或表示自然趋势或非主语意志。I shall be sixteen years old next month. 下个月我将十六岁了。（自然趋势）下个月我将十六岁了。（自然趋势）表示将来的时态还有下列的方法：表示将来的时态还有下列的方法：be going to +动词原形，表示动词原形，表示“就要就要”，“打打算算”或将要发生的事。或将要发生的事。Eg. Were not going to have any classes next week.表示表示“位移位移”的词，如的词，如arrive, come, go , leave, start, begin等，可用一般现在时表示将来安排好或即将发生的等，可用一般现在时表示将来安排好或即将发生的事。语气比现在进行时更肯定。事。语气比现在进行时更肯定。Eg. The next train leaves at 9:15.
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