山东省青岛市中考英语 第二部分 专题语法 高效突破 专项13 复合句课件

第二部分第二部分 专题语法专题语法 高效突破高效突破专项专项 1313 复合句复合句考点考点 1 状语从句状语从句 一个句子(从句)作另一个句子(主句)的状语，作状语的句子叫状语从句。 状语从句由从属连词引导，从属连词不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。对于状语从句这一考点的复习可以结合前面的从属连词进行复习。还要清楚有些时间和条件状语从句必须遵循“主将从现”的原则，即从句用一般现在时表达将来，和主句一样表达将来意义。常见的应使用“主将从现”原则的连词有：表示时间的when，while，after，before，until，till，whenever，as soon as，as long as等；表示条件的if，unless等。考点考点 2 定语从句定语从句 在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句，叫作定语从句。 被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前，引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。含定语从句的复合句的基本结构为：先行词关系词定语从句。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose等；关系副词有where，when，why等。 【注意注意】 当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。如：He is one of the boys who like playing basketball.他是喜欢打篮球的男孩之一。 只能用关系代词that的几种情况： (1)先行词为不定代词anything，nothing，the one，all，much，few，any，little时。如：Is there anything that I can do for you？有什么我能为您效劳的吗？ (2)先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。如：He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过这次考试的人。 (3)先行词被the only，the very修饰时。如：The only thing that I want to do is to have a rest.我唯一想做的事就是好好休息。 (4)先行词既有人又有物时。如：The film star and her film that you have just talked about are really wellknown.你刚刚谈到的那位影星和她的电影都非常出名。 (5)当先行词前面有who，which等疑问代词时。如：Who is the man that is standing over there？站在那边的那个男人是谁？2.2.关系副词的基本用法关系副词的基本用法关系词关系词 成分成分 功能功能例句例句when时间状语时间 I still remember the day when our new school was built.我依然记得我们新校园建成的那天。where地点状语地点 This is the place where I studied last year.这是我去年学习的地方 why原因状语原因Please tell me the reason why you were late.请告诉我你迟到的原因 【注意注意】 that在从句中作宾语时可省略；作主语时不能省略。如：The teacher told us(that)she was a good girl.老师告诉我们她是个好女孩。He says that is a useful book.他说那是一本有用的书。 【拓展拓展】 (1)有些疑问词作句子的主语，所以问句本身就是陈述句语序，在变成宾语从句时，语序无需变化。如：Do you know what is happening over there？你知道那边正发生什么事吗？Do you know whats the matter with him？你知道他怎么了吗？ (2)宾语从句的简化 当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是know，remember，forget，learn，ask，tell，show，teach等时，从句可简化为“疑问词不定式”结构。如：She doesnt know what she should do next.She doesnt know what to do next.她不知道下一步该做什么。 (3)宾语从句的否定前移在宾语从句中，当主句的谓语动词为think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等时，从句中表示否定意义的not应移到这些词之前。如：I dont think you are right.我认为你是不对的。 (4)如果复合句中宾语从句很长，那么可以用it作形式宾语，以免句子头重脚轻。如：He made it quite clear that he preferred to study English.他很明确地说他更喜欢学习英语。十年真题十年真题全练全练 历年中考主要考查状语从句和宾语从句的用法。在复习过程中，考生要重点掌握句子的基本结构。状语从句重点考查时间、条件、让步、比较、原因等从句，复习时要注意主句和从句前后的关系，重点注意引导词和时态。宾语从句要注意主句和从句的时态是否一致以及从句的陈述语序是否正确，另外还要弄清句意选择合适的连接词。定语从句主要在阅读理解与阅读表达以及综合填空中作为理解句子考查，仍需掌握其基本用法。 预计状语从句的连接词和宾语从句的连接词、语序、时态仍会是2018年中考必考的内容。 考点考点 1 状语从句状语从句1.2017青岛，5题Jacks mother was so tired.She felt asleep _C_ she lay down on the bed. A.until B.as soon as C.unless D.although2.2015青岛，17题My parents are always worried about what will happen if I _D_. A.succeeded B.wont succeed C.will fail D.fail3.2014青岛，22题You dont know whether the shoes fit you C you try them on. A.when B.if C.until D.as soon as4.2013青岛，11题I still remember my first teacher _D_ we havent seen each other for many years. A.for B.because C.since D.though5.2013青岛，13题If you have trouble pronouncing these words，you can repeat them over and over again _C_ you are comfortable with them. A.unless B.if C.until D.while6.2012青岛，19题 B we dont support our zoos，it will be difficult for them to take good care of animals. A.Unless B.If C.What if D.Though7.2011青岛，21题Tom rushed into the house _C_ his mother was cooking. A.as B.before C.while D.after8.2011青岛，24题You will achieve nothing _B_ you work hard. A.if B.unless C.when D.that9.2010青岛，24题How do you like the concert given by New Ocean Waves? Exciting，_C_ one piece of the music wasnt played quite well. A.so B.because C.though D.and10.2010青岛，35题The young college students jumped into the river and swam to the boys _A_ they heard them crying for help. A.as soon as B.before C.because D.till11.2009青岛，35题The sports meeting wont be put off D it rains heavily. A.if B.since C.as soon as D.unless12.2008青岛，35题What would some students like to do after finishing their education?They would like to start to work_B_they neednt depend on their parents completely. A.as soon as B.so that C.before D.while考点考点 3 宾语从句宾语从句 13.2017青岛，15题Excuse me，do you know _C_？ On foot. A.what Alice came to do C.how Alice came here B.where Alice came from D.who Alice came with14.2016青岛，15题Excuse me.Could you tell me C about the local history and culture? Of course.You can check it on this computer. A.how can I get the information B.what information did I get C.where I can get the information D.that I got the information15.2015青岛，19题I wonder_D_. A.how will you celebrate Thanksgiving B.that the Water Festival is really fun C.what do people eat on the MidAutumn Festival D.whether you will make resolutions on New Years Day16.2014青岛，25题I asked Jack _D_ so much progress in English. A.that he made B.when he makes C.if he makes D.how he made17.2013青岛，23题Could you tell me _D_？ At the end of July. A.how often he heard from his pen pal B.how soon he will be here C.that he went on vacation D.when you will start your vacation18.2012青岛，31题I want to know D . Why not ring her up to ask? A.why does Alexis like game shows B.what time is Alexis arriving C.that this hair band belongs to Alexis D.how Alexis will come to my party19.2011青岛，30题I wonder _D_. Im afraid well be late. A.how we can be on time B.what we are going to do C.why we get to school late D.if we will arrive at the meeting on time20.2010青岛，30题Do you know _D_ ? Yes.He came here by train. A.when he came here B.if he will come here C.why he came here D.how he came here21.2008青岛，30题My friend wanted to know_D_with his new car. A.what wrong is B.what is wrong C.what wrong was D.what was wrong猜押预测猜押预测1.Did you say anything to your parents _ they shouted at you? No，I was afraid to talk back.They looked really serious and scary. A.unless B.why C.when D.while2.Well stay at home _ it rains tomorrow. A.and B.if C.but D.so3.Frank will fall behind in studies _ he works hard from now on. A.unless B.because C.if D.until4.My family will go to Yunnan as soon as the holiday _. A.will begin B.begin C.begins D.begun5.What do you think of my article，Mr.Andrew? Er.，it is wonderful _ there are some spelling mistakes. A.since B.though C.if D.whileCBACB6.Excuse me，can you tell me _ ? Sorry，I am too busy now.Why not search the Internet for information? A.how does smog(雾霾)come into being B.where the national space station lies C.why are tigers becoming fewer now D.how many years did the Qin Empire last7.Do you know _ Ann goes to work every day? Usually by underground. A.why B.how C.when D.whether8.Do you know _ The Belt and Road Forum(“一带一路”高峰论坛)began? On May 14th，2017. A.that B.when C.if D.whereBBB9.Could you please tell me _ The Reader，a TV programme hosted by Dong Qing? Well，it is fun and teaches us a lot of knowledge. A.how do people like B.how people liked C.why do many people like D.why many people like10.What did the manager ask you after the meeting? She asked me _. A.what I do for the project last week B.if can I finish the work on time C.how did I deal with the problem D.why I was late for the meeting11.Do you know _ at this time last night? Sorry，I dont know. A.what she is doing B.what she was doing C.what is she doing D.what was she doingDDB