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目录12 Reading SkillText AText BReading PracticeText C IntroductionIntroductionIntroduction Words and ExpressionsWords and ExpressionsWords and ExpressionsNotesNotesNotes ExercisesExercisesExercises Text AIntroduction Business etiquette is very important in business communication. So it is necessary to know some basic ideas about it. Firstly, lets learn some business etiquette in China.I. Reading Practice Business Etiquette in China Text A GreetingsAddress a person using his or her family name only, such as Mr. Chen or Ms. Hsu. The Chinese family name comes first and is usually one syllable. A one or a two-syllable given name follows a family name. For example, in the case of Teng Peinian, Teng is the family name and Peinian is the given name. In some instances, Westernized Chinese might reverse their names when visiting and sending correspondence abroad. Therefore, it is always a good idea to ask a native speaker which name is the family name. I. Reading Practice Text A For business purposes, it is traditionally acceptable to call a Chinese person by the surname, together with a title, such as Director Wang or Chairman Li. Avoid using someones given name unless you have known him or her for a long period of time. Formality is a sign of respect, and it is advisable to clarify how you will address someone very early in a relationship, generally during your first meeting. Do not try to become too friendly too soon, and do not insist that your Chinese counterparts address you by your given name. The Western pattern of quick informality should be resisted. The Chinese way of greeting is a nod or slight bow. However, when interacting with Westerners, Chinese usually shake hands. Bear in mind that a soft handshake and a lack of eye contact do not necessarily indicate timidity. It only implies that the person is not accustomed to the firm handshakes commonly used in the West. I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text A Business Meetings In China, it is assumed that the first person that enters the room is the head of the group. Westerners should observe this convention so as not to confuse the Chinese. Important guests are usually escorted to their seats. If the meeting room has a large central table, the principal guest is likely to be seated directly opposite the principal host. When exchanging business cards, hold out your card using both hands with the writing facing the recipient. Cards should always be exchanged individually (one-on-one). Never toss or deal your business card across the table, as this is considered extremely rude. Receive a business card with both hands and scan it immediately for vital information. Then lay the card in front of you on the table. It is demeaning to put someones card directly into your pocket without looking at it first. Meetings begin with small talk. Resist the temptation to get down to business right away. Also, avoid telling Western-style jokes, because jokes sometimes do not translate across cultures and can cause confusion or hurt feelings. I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text A Table Manner At a formal banquet, be prepared to give a short, friendly speech in response to the hosts speech. When inviting Taiwanese to a party, serve a real meal rather than snacks and drinks. When invited for dinner, it is polite to sample every dish served. Your host may serve some food for you, and it is nice to reciprocate if you feel comfortable doing so. Always leave something on your plate at the end of the meal or your host might think that you are still hungry. You must arrive on time or early if you are the guest. I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text A Do not start to eat or drink prior to the host. As a cultural courtesy, you should taste all the dishes you are offered. Never place your chopsticks straight up in your bowl. By placing your sticks upright in your bowl your will remind your host of joss sticks which connotes death. Do not drop the chopsticks because it is considered bad luck. Do not put much food in your mouth at a time. Drink only when there is no food in your mouth. Try not to get into your mouth anything that will have to be taken out. Do not make any noise when you eat. Do not clean your teeth Do not leave the table during a meal before the host gives the signal at the end. When the host indicates that the dinner is over, he will start to rise from his seat and all the guests rise from theirs at the same time. I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text A Gift Giving It is appropriate to bring a gift, particularly something representative of your town or region, to a business meeting or social event. Gifts indicate that you are interested in building a relationship. A gift should always be wrapped, but avoid plain black or white paper because these are the colors of mourning. Present the gift with both hands as a sign of courtesy and always mention that this is only a small token of appreciation. Do not expect your gift to be opened in your presence. This indicates that it is the thought that counts more than the material value.I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text A Never give a clock, handkerchief, umbrella or white flowers, specifically chrysanthemums, as a gift, as all of these signify tears and/or death. Never give sharp objects such as knives or scissors as they would signify the cutting of a relationship. Lucky numbers are 6 and 8 (especially in a series, such as 66 or 888). An unlucky number is 4.I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text AWords and Expressionsetiquette et,ket, -kt n. 礼 仪 , 礼 节greeting ri:ti n. 招 呼 , 问 候address dres vt.向 讲 话 , 向 发 表 演 说 ; 写 信 给 syllable silbl n. 音 节surname s:neim n. 姓formality f:mlti: n. 拘 泥 形 式 , 拘 谨 ;遵 守 礼 节I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text Aclarify klrifai vt. 澄 清counterpart kauntp:t n.与 对 方 地 位 相 当 的 人 , 与 另 一 方 作 用 相 当 的物timidity timidti n. 胆 怯 ； 羞 怯escort esk:t n. 护 送 者 , 护 卫 队 ; 护 航 舰 , 护 航 飞 机principal prinspl adj. 最 重 要 的 ; 主 要 的toss ts vt. 投 ; 抛demean. dmi:n vt. 使 降 低 身 份 ,使 卑 下temptation temptein n.诱 惑 , 引 诱banquet bkwit n.宴 会 , 盛 宴reciprocate rspr,ket vt. 酬 答mourning m:n, mr- n. 悲 痛courtesy k:tisi n.谦 恭 有 礼I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text ANotes In some instances, Westernized Chinese might reverse their names when visiting and sending correspondence abroad. 在 有些 情 况 下 ， 一 些 西 方 化 的 中 国 人 会 在 访 问 或 向 国 外 发 信 函 时 将 他们 的 姓 和 名 字 调 换 位 置 。 Formality is a sign of respect, and it is advisable to clarify how you will address someone very early in a relationship, generally during your first meeting.遵 守 礼 节 是 尊 重 的 一 种 表 现 。 建 议 在 第一 次 会 面 时 弄 清 楚 以 何 种 方 式 与 对 方 交 谈 。I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text A At a formal banquet, be prepared to give a short, friendly speech in response to the hosts speech. 在 正 式 的 宴 会 中 ， 要 准 备 一 段 简 短 而 友 好 的祝 词 以 回 应 东 道 主 的 讲 话 。 When invited for dinner, it is polite to sample every dish served.当 应 邀 赴 宴时 ， 品 尝 所 有 的 菜 品 是 礼 貌 的 表 现 。 It is appropriate to bring a gift, particularly something representative of your town or region, to a business meeting or social event.将 带 有 家 乡 或 本 地 特色 的 礼 物 带 到 商 务 会 议 或 社 交 活 动 现 场 是 恰 如 其 分 的 。I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text AExercises I. Reading Practice 1 . How do people address a person in business in China? A. using his or her given name B. using his or her family name C. using his or her nickname D. using his or her title 7/26/2021 Text AI. Reading Practice 2 . What is the Chinese way of greeting? A .a firm handshake B. a soft handshake C. eye contact D. a nod or slight bow 7/26/2021 Text AI. Reading Practice 3 . How do Chinese interact with westerners? A .a firm handshake B. a soft handshake C. eye contact D. a nod or slight bow 7/26/2021 Text AI. Reading Practice 4 . How do people exchange business cards? A. hold out card using both hands. B. toss or deal business card across the table,. C. hold out card using one hand D. put someones card directly into the pocket 7/26/2021 Text AI. Reading Practice 5 . How do business meetings begin in China? A .get down to business right away B. begin with small talks C. tell jokes D. exchang business cards 7/26/2021 Text AI. Reading Practice 6 . What should be prepared at a formal banquet? A .a speech in response to the hosts speech B. a gift C. some jokes D. handkechief 7 . When invited for dinner, what should the guest do? A .bring a gift B. make a speech C. sample every dish served D. shake hands with the host 8 . What kind of gift should be brought to a business meeting or social event? A .an expensive gift B. a gift representative of your town or region, C. a clock D. scissors 9 . What colors should be avoided when wrapping a gift? A .white or red B. green or black C. black or white D. black or red 1 0 . What are lucky numbers in China? A .1 and 6 B. 6 and 8 C. 1 0 and 8 D. 6 and 9 7/26/2021 Text A II. Fill in the blanks with the words given blow. Change the form where necessary.etiquette address formality counterpart timidity principal toss temptation courtesy mourningI. Reading Practice 1 He _ the audience in an eloquent speech. 2 . Theres no time for _ in everyday life 3 . They mocked at my _. 4 . Drinking is a _cause of highway deaths. 5 . He _ the beggar a coin. adrressed formality timidity principal tossed 7/26/2021 Text A I. Reading Practice 6 . They didnt even have the _ to apologize. 7 . He was in deep _ for his dead wife. 8 . The rules of _ are not so strict nowadays 9 . The sales directress phoned her _ in the other firm. 1 0 . He was surrounded by _.courtesy mourning etiquette counterpart temptations 7/26/2021 Text BIntroduction Business etiquettes are different in different cultures. Knowing the differences are very important in business communication. The following is a general introduction of it.I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text BBusiness Etiquettes Across Culture Though it is impossible to fully understand all the intricacies of other societies, it is worth learning at least the basics of business etiquette- how to greet and address others, how to dress, how to handle business cards, personal space, eye contact, and punctuality to name a few. 1. First impressions are always important so showing cultural respect when greeting others is essential. In many western countries a handshake is the preferred greeting, but even differences exist there. In Germany a firm, brief handshake with good eye contact is expected at introductions and departures while in Italy handshakes can be warm and spirited in business meetings. And in both countries it is customary to shake hands with everyone in the group upon entering and leaving, avoiding general group salutations. I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text B Some cultures, such as the French, may kiss one another when greeting at work, but it is best to refrain from the behaviour unless they initialise it, extending your hand instead. In America, a firm handshake, lasting 3-5 seconds, upon greeting and leaving should be offered while good eye contact during your handshake should be maintained. If you are meeting several people at once, maintain eye contact with the person you are shaking hands with, until you are moving on to the next person. Good eye contact during business and social conversations shows interest, sincerity and confidence. The Japanese often shake hands with westerners as a sign of respect and appreciate when westerners bow out of respect to their culture. Chinese may bow or shake hands. In Saudi Arabia always shake hands with the right hand as left hands are considered unclean. Never extend your hand to a Saudi woman. And in Taiwan, western males should not initiate a handshake with Chinese females. I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text B 2. Eye contact is essential in Australia, England, Germany, Italy, and the United States, for example, but it should be used with caution in Taiwan where prolonged eye contact is considered a hostile gesture. 3. Although time is treated differently amongst cultures, it is always in your best interest to be punctual. In Germany and Japan, arriving late is rude and unacceptable. In England, You must always be punctual. Arriving a few minutes early is acceptable. Dont be surprised, however, if you are kept waiting for a business meeting in Saudi Arabia, where punctuality is not of high importance. 4. In the U.S. and in Taiwan people are uncomfortable when their personal space is invaded, so it is recommended to stay about two arms lengths away. In Australia and England, an arms length distance should be observed, while in France and Italy people may stand closer while talking. Privacy is very important to the English. Therefore asking personal questions or intensely staring at another person should be avoided. Eye contact is seldom kept during British conversations. I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text B 5. Handle business cards in China with respect by reading it and then carefully placing it in a card case. Never place it in a shirt pocket or wallet immediately without examining it first. When distributing cards there, do so with two hands. 6. The safest guideline to follow for business attire is a dark suit and tie for men and a business suit or skirt and blouse for women. Avoid heavy perfumes or colognes and excessive jewelry. But it is always worth researching the attire of the country you are visiting. In America, business suit and tie are appropriate in all major cities. Wear dark colored business suits in classic colors of gray and navy. For an important formal meeting, choose a white dress shirt, for less formal a light blue shirt will still give you a conservative appearance. I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text B Women should wear a suit or dress with jacket in major cities. Wearing classic clothing and classic colors of navy, gray, ivory, and white will ensure you give a confident and conservative appearance. Clothing, whether formal or casual, should be clean and neat in appearance. In the UK, conservative dress is very important for both men and women. Dark suits, usually black, blue, or gray, are quite acceptable. Mens shirts should not have pockets; if they do, the pockets should always be kept empty. Additionally, men should wear solid or patterned ties, while avoiding striped ties. Men wear laced shoes, not loafers. Businesswomen are not as limited to colors and styles as men are, though it is still important to maintain a conservative image.Remember to wear good socks in Japan as you may be asked to remove your shoes during some business meetings. I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text B 7. When possible, learn a few words in the language of the country you are visiting as a sign of respect. 5And before you travel, contact your embassy to request briefing on business etiquette and cultural background. I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text BWords and Expressionsintricacyntrksi: n. (常 复 数 )错 综 复 杂 的 事 物basicsbeisiks n.基 本 要 素 ;基 本 原 理punctuality pktu lt n.严 守 时 间essentialisenl adj.必 不 可 少 的 , 绝 对 必 要 的 ; 非 常 重 要的salutation,sljten n.招 呼 , 致 意 , 致 敬refrainrifrein vi.抑 制 ; 克 制 ; 戒 除initialise inilaiz vt.初 始 化Saudi Arabiasaudi reibj n.沙 特 阿 拉 伯I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text Binitiateiniieit vt.开 始 , 着 手caution k:n n.小 心 , 谨 慎 , 慎 重hostilehstail adj怀 有 敌 意 的 , 不 友 善 的gesturedest n.姿 态 , 表 示punctual pktul adj.严 守 时 刻 的 ; 准 时 的 ; 正 点 的invadeinveid vt. 散 播 ; 分 布perfumep:fju:m n.香 气 , 芳 香 ,香 水cologne klun n.科 隆 香 水 , 古 龙 水embassy embsi n.大 使 馆 I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text BNotes1. Though it is impossible to fully understand all the intricacies of other societies, it is worth learning at least the basics of business etiquette. 尽 管 不 可 能 充 分 了 解 所 有 社 会 的 错 综 复 杂 的 商 务 理 解 ， 学 习 一 些 基 本 常识 还 是 必 要 的2. Some cultures, such as the French, may kiss one another when greeting at work, but it is best to refrain from the behaviour unless they initialise it, extending your hand instead. 在 法 国 ， 人 们 在 工 作 时 可 能 会以 相 互 接 吻 来 打 招 呼 ， 但 最 好 还 是 不 要 采 用 这 种 方 式 除 非 他 们 先 主 动 。用 握 手 取 而 代 之 。I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text B3. Eye contact is essential in Australia, England, Germany, Italy, and the United States, for example, but it should be used with caution in Taiwan where prolonged eye contact is considered a hostile gesture.在 澳 大 利 亚 ，英 国 ， 德 国 ， 意 大 利 和 美 国 目 光 交 流 很 重 要 。 但 在 台 湾 就 要 谨 慎 些 ， 长 时 间的 目 光 交 流 被 看 作 是 不 友 善 的 表 现 。4. Although time is treated differently amongst cultures, it is always in your best interest to be punctual. 尽 管 不 同 的 文 化 背 景 对 时 间 的 观 念 不 同 ， 最 好还 是 要 准 时 。5. And before you travel, contact your embassy to request briefing on business etiquette and cultural background.在 旅 行 前 与 大 使 馆 联 系 索 取 关于 商 务 礼 仪 和 文 化 背 景 的 简 单 介 绍 。I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text BExercisesI. Reading Practice Tell whether each of the following statements is true( )or false( ) according to the text. ( ) 1 . In Italy a firm, brief handshake with good eye contact is expected at introductions and departures while in Germany handshakes can be warm and spirited in business meetings. ( ) 2 . In France, it is best to kiss one another when greeting at work ( ) 3 . In Saudi Arabia always shake hands with the left hand as right hands are considered unclean. ( ) 4 . Never extend your hand to a Saudi woman. ( ) 5 . In Taiwan, western males should initiate a handshake with Chinese females. 7/26/2021 Text BI. Reading Practice ( ) 6 . Eye contact is essential in Australia, England, Germany, Italy, and China. ( ) 7 . In Saudi Arabia, punctuality is not of high importance. ( ) 8 . In Germany and Japan, arriving late is rude and unacceptable. ( ) 9 . In the U.S. and in Taiwan people are uncomfortable when their personal space is invaded. ( ) 1 0 . Remember to wear good socks in Japan as you may be asked to remove your shoes during some business meetings. 7/26/2021 Text BI. Reading Practice 1 . In Germany a firm, brief _ with good eye contact is expected at introductions 2 . Some cultures, such as the French, may_ one another when greeting at work 3 . In Saudi Arabia always shake hands with the _ hand 4 . In Taiwan, western males should not initiate a handshake with Chinese _ 5 . Eye _ is essential in Australia, England, Germany, Italy, and the United States. 6 .In Saudi Arabia, _ is not of high importance. 7 . Remember to wear good socks in _ as you may be asked to remove your shoes during some business meetings. 8 . In the U.S. and in Taiwan people are uncomfortable when their personal space is _. handshake kiss right females contact punctuality Japan invaded 7/26/2021 Text CIntroduction Gift-giving plays an important role in international business communication. Different countries have different gift-giving cultures. The following is a general introduction of it.I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text C Within the interdependent, global and multi-cultural marketplace of the 21st century, cross cultural differences are important to learn. A lack of cross cultural understanding can lead to misunderstandings which may result in offense. Cross cultural awareness and an understanding of foreign etiquette is important for todays globe trotting business person. One area of importance in cross cultural awareness is in the different gift giving etiquettes of the world. Understanding gift giving and the etiquette surrounding it can help international business people cement better relationships with foreign colleagues, clients or customers. International Gift-giving Culture I. Reading Practice 7/26/2021 Text C Cross cultural gift giving etiquette involves considering the following points: Who is receiving the gift? Is it a person or a group? What is the status of the receiver(s)? What types of gifts are acceptable or unacceptable? What is the protocol associated with gift giving and receiving? Should gifts be reciprocated? In many countries such as in North America or the UK, gift giving is rare in the business world. 3In fact, it may carry negative connotations as gift giving could be construed as bribery. However, in many other countries, gift giving and its etiquette have a central place in business practices. In order to highlight some of the different aspects of c
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