高中英语被动语态讲解课件

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,高中英语被动语态讲解,高中英语被动语态讲解高中英语被动语态讲解高中英语被动语态讲解,高中英语被动语态讲解高中英语被动语态讲解高中英语被动语态讲解,1,高中英语被动语态讲解,高中英语被动语态讲解,2,一、被动语态的构成形式,二、It is said that+从句及其他类似句型,三、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义,四、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义,五、介词in,on,under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义,六、被动语态与系表结构的区别,一、被动语态的构成形式,3,一、被动语态的构成形式,1.被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式,被动语态由be过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：,1)am/is/are+done(过去分词)一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.,2）has/have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed,and were ready to start.,3）am/is/are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here,一、被动语态的构成形式1.被动语态的基本时态变化被,4,一、被动语态的构成形式,4）was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.,5）had been done 过去完成时例 By the end of last year,another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.,6）was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there.,7）shall/will be done/be going to be done/be about to be done/be to be to done一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.,一、被动语态的构成形式4）was/were done 一,5,一、被动语态的构成形式,8）should/would be done/waswere going to be done/waswere about to be done/waswere to be to done一般将来时例The news would be sent to the soldiers mother as soon as it arrived.,9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）例The project will have been completed before July.,10）should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用）例He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon.,一、被动语态的构成形式8）should/would be,6,一、被动语态的构成形式,2.被动语态的特殊结构形式,1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词be过去分词。例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.,2)有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。例His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.,一、被动语态的构成形式2.被动语态的特殊结构形式,7,一、被动语态的构成形式,3)当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.,4）在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.,一、被动语态的构成形式3)当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结,8,一、被动语态的构成形式,5)有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词介词”，“动词副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.,3.非谓语动词的被动语态v.+ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态)。例I dont like being laughed at in the public.,一、被动语态的构成形式5)有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，,9,二、It is said that+从句及其他类似句型,一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe,consider,expect,report,say,suppose,think等可以用于句型“Itbe过去分词that从句”或“主语be过去分词to do sth.”。有：,二、It is said that+从句及其他类似句型一些,10,二、It is said that+从句及其他类似句型,It is said that 据说,It is reported that据报道，,It is believed that大家相信，,It is hoped that大家希望，,It is well known that众所周知,It is thought that大家认为，,It is suggested that据建议。）,二、It is said that+从句及其他类似句型It,11,三、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义,1.英语中有很多动词如 break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式 表达被动意义,主语通常是物。例 This kind of cloth washes well.注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。试比较：The door wont lock（指门本身有毛病）The door wont be locked（指不会有人来锁门,指“门没有锁”是人的原因）,三、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义1.英语中有很多动词如 b,12,三、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义,2.表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen,last,take place,break out,come out,come about,come true,run out,give out,turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。例 How do the newspapers come out?这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？,3.系动词没有被动形式,但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel,sound,taste,look,feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。例Your reason sounds reasonable.,三、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义2.表示“发生、进行”的,13,四、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义,在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义。,1 在need，want，require,bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。The house needs repairing（to be repaired）这房子需要修理。,2 形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。,例The picture-book is well worth reading（The picture-book is very worthy to be read）,四、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义在某些句型中可用动名词和不,14,五、介词in,on,under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义,表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含被动之义，其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词。,1.“under+名词”结构，表示“某事在进行中”。常见的有：under control（受控制）,under treatment（在治疗中）,under repair（在修理中）,under discussion（在讨论中）,under construction（在施工中）。例The building is under construction(is being constructed).,五、介词in,on,under等+名词构成介词短语表被动,15,五、介词in,on,under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义,2“beyond+名词”结构，“出乎胜过、范围、限度”。常见的有：beyond belief(令人难以置信)，beyond ones reach（鞭长莫及），beyond ones control（无法控制），beyond our hope 我们的成功始料不及。例The rumour is beyond belief（=cant be believed）,五、介词in,on,under等+名词构成介词短语表被动,16,五、介词in,on,under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义,3.“above+名词”结构,表示“(品质、行为、能力等)超过、高于”。例His honest character is above all praise=His honest character cannot be praised enough,4“for+名词”结构，表示“适于、为着”。如：for sale(出售),for rent（出租）等。例That house is for sale.(=That house is to be sold).,五、介词in,on,under等+名词构成介词短语表被动,17,五、介词in,on,under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义,5“in+名词”结构，表示“在过程中或范围内”常见的有：in print（在印刷中