商务英语翻译技巧6课件

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,商务英语翻译技巧,英译汉,一、词汇的准确翻译,商务英语词汇特征：,1.,商务英语词汇的丰富性,商务英语分为：公文体、广告体和论说体,（,1,）公文体：商务信函、合同、法律文书等,（,2,）广告体：用词通俗化、口语化,（,3,）论说体：为推广产品所做的报告或演讲,2.,专业术语词汇和缩略语数量可观,A/C ( account),（账户）；,ENCL ( enclose),（内附）；,FYI (for your information),（供你方参考）；,I.R.O (in respect of),（关于）,3.,介词和介词短语的大量应用,商务英语词汇的翻译技巧：,1.,商务英语翻译的语体对等：,（,1,）公文体和论说体中，过于简单口语化的词汇被正式规范的词所代替。,because- on the grounds that,about- with reference to,if- in the event/ case of,like- in the nature of,for- for the purpose of,go on- continue,add to- supplement,（,2,）商务合同中，经常使用一些法律术语,Now therefore,（特此，特兹）；,In witness whereof,（兹证明）；,Hereinafter,（在下文中）；,Heretobefore,（在下文中）；,Hereupon,（随后，随即）,2.,商务英语翻译的术语对等,例,1,：,:security: (1) He gave his house as a security.,他以房子做,抵押,。,(2) Treasury securities are revalued daily.,国库,券,每天都重新评估。,例,2,:,soft: (1)soft market,疲软市场（以低价或跌价为特征的市场）,(2) soft loan,较宽松的还款条件,/,利息较低的贷款,例,3,：,deposit: (1) In order to rent a car, you have to have a major credit card, such as Master Card, Visa, or American Express. Without a credit card you may have to pay a very high deposit on the car.,租车时你必须有一种大公司的信用卡，如万事达卡、维萨卡，或者美国运通卡。你若没有信用卡，也许得付一笔高额,押金,。,(2) The deposit money carries a higher interest rate than that of the current account.,定期,存款利率比活期账户的利率高一些。,3.,商务英语介词短语翻译的灵活转换,（,1,）介词转换为动词,No longer is,the creation of,money and jobs essential; it is rather,the improvement of,the quality of life that must be our concern.,（增加财富和创造就业已不再是主要事情，提高生活质量才是我们关心的事。）,（,2,）时间名词前连续使用介词,On or off the site (,在现场或远离现场,),Far or near the site (,远离现场或在现场附近,),（,3,）表示数量的名词前的介词连用,Over and up to 15% inclusive (15%,以上到,15%,，包括,15%,在内,),Plus or minus 5%,（加上或减去,5%,）,(4),用复杂的介词短语代替简单的介词或连接词,By/ before(,在,-,之前,) prior to, as of,By/ under(,依据，根据,) in accordance with, according to, in the light of,About(,关于,)in respect of, with reference to, with regard to, as regards,For(,为了,)for the purpose of, with a view to, for the sake of,翻译练习,1.The simplest way to succeed in business is to buy,low,and sell high.,生意成功最简单的途径就是贱买贵卖。,The vaue of the pound has fallen to a new,low,against the dollar.,英镑兑换美元的比值已跌到新的最低点。,2.The company is one of our major,accounts, so we should do our best to satisfy their needs.,那家公司是我们的主要客户之一，因此我们得尽可能满足他们的需求。,She works in,accounts,.,她在会计部门任职。,3.The deal,netted,him a handsome profit.,这笔交易他捞到可观利润。,What do you earn,net,of tax?,你完税后净得多少？,二、句子英汉翻译技巧,1.,拆句法,If a Party breaches any of the representations or warranties given by it in Article 18.1, then in addition to any other remedies available to the other Party under this contract or under Applicable Laws, it shall indemnify the other party and the company against any losses, damages, costs, expenses, liabilities and claims that such Party or the Company may suffer as a result of such breach.,如果一方违反任何其根据第,18.1,条所作的陈述或担保，则另一方除根据合同或适用法律寻求任何可能的其它救济之外，违约方应当赔偿另一方或合营公司因此种违约行为而招致的任何损失、损害、费用、开支、责任或索赔。,And confidence is growing in the debt-restructuring process, the infuriatingly slow and untidy effort that puts debtor nations on the International Monetary Funds stringent(,严厉的,) diet of hard-nosed monetary policy, curtailed government spending, and fewer imports.,人们对以下诸方面的信心正在增加：重新确定债务偿还期限的进程；债务国在执行国际货币基金组织严厉的货币紧缩政策时所持的令人气愤的拖拉疲沓作风有所改变；削减政府开支；减少进口。,2.,词性转换法,Such materials are,characterized,by good insulation and high resistance to wear.,这些材料的特点是：绝缘性好，耐磨性强。,We shall advise you to get in touch with them,for,your requirements.,建议你方与他们取得联系，洽购所需商品。,3.,肯定否定转换译法,“,We are a nation that must beg to stay alive,”,said a foreign economist.,一位外国经济学家说道：“我们是一个不讨饭就活不下去的国家。”,We should stop treating the sea as a dump for human and industrial effluent.,我们不应当再把海洋当成人类排放生活污水和工业污水的垃圾场了。,4.,语序重组法,I believe strongly that it is in the interest of my countrymen that Britain should remain an active and energetic member of the European Community.,我坚信，英国依然应该是欧共体中的一个积极和充满活力的成员，这是符合我国人民利益的。,Some companies are limiting the risk by conducting online transactions only with established business partners who are given access to the companys private internet.,为了限制风险，有些公司只跟向他们开放公司内部局域网的老交易伙伴在网上做生意。,5.,省译法,The Purchaser further undertakes and agrees to,procure and ensure,that the independent auditors of the Purchaser and any agent, employee or independent contractor of the,Purchaser,abide by this Clause.,买方进一步承诺和同意确保买方的独立审计师和任何代理人、雇员或独立承包人遵守本条规定。,Uiversity applicants who had worked at a job receive preference over,those who had not.,报考大学的人，有工作经验的优先录取。,6.,增译法,This plan with all its disadvantages is considered to be one of the best.,尽管有种种不周全之处，这个计划仍被认为是最佳,计划,之一。,A new kind of aircraft - small, cheap, pilotless- is attracting increasing attention.,一种新型的飞机正越来越引起,人们的,注意,这种飞机,体积不大，价格便宜，无人驾驶。,7.,重复法,Let us revise our safety and sanitary regulations.,我们来修订安全规则和卫生规则吧。,They wanted to determine if he complied with the terms of his employment and his obligations as an American.,他们想要确定，他是否履行了受雇条件，是否履行了作为美国公民所应尽的职责。,商务英语翻译技巧,汉译英,一、词汇的准确翻译,例,1,：书,申请书：,letter of application,协议书：,agreement,白皮书：,White Book,使用说明书：,directions,证书：,certificate,保证书：,guarantee,例,2,：热衷,我的父亲一生热衷于科学研究工作。,My father has devoted his whole life to the scientific research.,这些人只热衷于金钱和名利。,These fellows are always hankering after personal fames and gains.,练习：,1.,大家对他的工作态度都很有意见。,All the people have a lot of complaints about his working attitude.,两国领导人就双边贸易问题交换了意见。,The leaders from the two countries exchanged views on bilateral trade.,2.,董事会勉强接受了我的提议。,Board of directions accepted my proposal reluctantly.,二话不说先递名片反倒有些勉强。,It would be embarrassing for them to give their business card before they speak to each other.,二、句子汉英翻译技巧,1.,增译和减译,增词法,：,（,1,）语法结构要求,此次无法供货，深表遗憾。,We,are sorry that,we,cannot supply,you,with the terms required.,交出货品前，必须检查几遍，看看有没有需要改善的地方。,Before deivering your goods, you have to check,them,over and over again and see if there is anything in them to be improved.,（,2,）根据意思，增加连词、关系代词和介词,这次交易额大，而且目前国际市场又不稳定，除信用证付款外，我们不接受别的付款方式。,Since,the total amount is so big and the world market is rather unstable at the moment, we cannot accept any other terms of payment than L/C.,你刚刚见到的那个人是我们销售部主任。,The man,whom,you met just now is our director of sales department.,减词法,：,（,1,）可能影响修辞效果的词语,产品的质量,如何,、价格,如何,、售后服务,如何,直接,关系着,企业的发展速度，,关系着,企业的前途和命运。,How the product comes up in quality, in price, and in after-sale service has a direct bearing on the speed of enterprises development and the future of the enterprise.,大卫,贝克汉姆曾两次下榻于此，,一次,是一月，,另一次,是九月。,David Beckham had stayed here before, in January and in September.,（,2,）原文中重复出现或同义的词语,政府,郑重,声明，在平等互利的基础上，加强各种形式的经济贸易合作。,The government declared that it would strengthen all forms of economic and trade cooperation on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.,（,3,）不必要的表示范畴的词语,这样一个发电站的修建费用仅占开发,工程,总费用的一小部分。,The cost of such a power plant is a relatively samll portion of the total cost of the development.,2.,词类转换（英语多用名词、介词；汉语多用动词）,大幅裁员的事实,说明,整个公司已经处于动荡之中。,The great cutbacks in personnel are,indicative,of the turbulence of the whole company.,公司目前的形式正,酝酿,着严重的财政危机。,The company are,in place for,a big financial crisis in the company.,3.,被动语态的翻译,有一些贸易壁垒是直接和出口有关的。,Some trade barriers are directly,related,to exports.,一些汉语中并不含有被动意味的词语在英文中固定使用被动形式，包括：坐落于,( be located in),、去往,( be destined for),、淋雨,( be caught in rain),、悲痛欲绝,( be overwhelmed with grief),等等。,估计在,1955,年，大约,70%,的对外贸易是用信用证来进行融资的。,In 1955,it was estimated,that about 70 percent of the foreign trade was financed by letters of credit.,类似句型：据说,( it is said that-),，据报道,( it is reported that-),，众所周知,( it is well-known that-),，必须承认,( it must be admitted that-),，必须指出,( it must be pointed out that-),，有人宣称,( it is claimed that-),，有人相信,( it is believed that-),4.,正译法与反译法,如果不了解当地文化，其结果可能会冒犯想与之建立贸易关系的人。,Unless one is aware of the local culture he may end up insulting the people with whom he hopes to establish trade relations.,我们的预测表明对抗时期还远远没有结束。,Our forecast suggests that the period of confrontation is far from over.,5.,无主句的翻译,（,1,）补充主语,（,2,）使用被动语态,（,3,）使用祈使句,（,4,）使用形式主语“,it,”,（,5,）使用“,there be,”句型,能否告知贵方付款条件？,Would you let us know what your terms of payment are?,请把这张表填一下，填完给我。,Please fill in this form, and give it to me when you have finished.,在当今社会上，学好英语十分重要。,It is extremely important to master English in society today.,