跨文化交际课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 3 Understanding Communication,Unit 3 Understanding Communic,1,Communication is Culturally Relative,Communication is Culturally Re,2,Word Study,seamless,mechanism,designate,attorney,enormous,deflect,heterogeneity,egotistical,unfeasible,Word Studyseamless,3,Word Study,deem,irony,categorize,homogeneous,affiliation,stereotype,delicacy,garrulous,compliment,vest,Word Studydeem,4,Word Study,hypocritical,untrustworthy,sarcasm,solicit,equivocal,overbearing,self-evidence,talk down,curtail,plague,stereotype,Word Studyhypocritical,5,Word Study,activate,pre-program,accountable,enthusiastic,compartmentalize,blunt,credible,articulate,entrant,Word Studyactivate,6,Word Study,identify,ambiguity,assertion,cohesive,excessive,inextricably,manifest,internalize,embed,demonstrate,Word Studyidentify,7,Word Study,seamless,mechanism,designate,attorney,enormous,deflect,heterogeneity,egotistical,unfeasible,无缝的；完全平滑的,技巧；途径,指明，标出,代理人；律师,巨大的；极大地,转移，引开,多样性；不等同性,自负的,办不到的；行不通的,Word Study seamless无缝的；完全平滑的,8,deem,irony,categorize,homogeneous,affiliation,stereotype,delicacy,garrulous,compliment,vest,认为,冷嘲；反语,把分类,同类的；相似的,从属关系,对产生成见,美味；佳肴,饶舌的；喋喋不休的,赞美；恭维,赋予，给予,deem认为,9,hypocritical,untrustworthy,sarcasm,solicit,equivocal,overbearing,self-evident,talk down,curtail,plague,stereotype,虚伪的,不能信任的，不可靠的,讽刺，挖苦,征求；征集,多义的；有歧义的,傲慢的,不证自明的，不言而喻的,以居高临下的口气说话,截短，缩短,折磨；烦扰,陈规，老套,hypocritical虚伪的,10,activate,pre-program,accountable,enthusiastic,compartmentalize,blunt,credible,articulate,entrant,使活动起来；使起作用,预先编制程序,负有责任的,极感兴趣的,分隔；细分,不转弯抹角的,可信的；可靠的,吐字清晰的；表达得清楚有力的,进入者；参加竞赛者,activate使活动起来；使起作用,11,identify,ambiguity,assertion,cohesive,excessive,inextricably,manifest,internalize,embed,demonstrate,认同，认为同一,意义不明确；模棱两可,主张；断言,有凝聚力的;紧密结合的,过多的；过分的,无法摆脱地,显现,使内在化,埋置；把嵌入,论证，证明,identify认同，认为同一,12,What is culturally relative in communication?,When to talk,What to say,Pacing and pausing,Listening,Indirectness,What is culturally relative in,13,When to talk,To start on the most general level,the question of when to talk is culturally relative.,Moreover,cultures differ with respect to what is perceived as silence and when it is deemed appropriate.,When to talkTo start on the mo,14,People experience silence when they think there could or should be talk.If two people are sitting together,one may think theres a silence when the other does not.,Case:,Athabaskan Indians consider it inappropriate to talk to strangers,and that has an odd effect when an Athabaskan meets a non-Athabaskan,white or black.One want to get to know the other by talking,and the other feels it is inappropriate to talk until they know each other.,People experience silence when,15,result,Do you know the news about our city.,Who is she?,Today is very nice!,Sullen,uncooperative,resultDo you know the news abo,16,Athabaskan Indians consider it inappropriate to talk to strangers.Have negative stereotypes of non-Athabaskans as ridiculously,garrulous,(talkative in an unfavorable sense)and also,hypocritical,.,Americans,would consider it awkward to have a long period of silence when having a conversation.Conclude that Indians are,uncooperative,even,stupid,.,Athabaskan Indians consider it,17,What to say,Once a speaker decides to talk,what is it appropriate to say?,Take,for example,Australian Aborigines never ask the question“why?”Alaskan Athabashans rarely ask questions.For these and other speakers,questions are regarded as too powerful to use,because they demand a response.,A universal way of communicating is telling stories.,The cultural convention involved in exchanging compliments,(presentation topic),What to sayOnce a speaker deci,18,e,.,g,.,A conversation between Susan and Mrs Zhang,her mother in law,at the airport when leaving China.The husband is interpreting for them.,Susan:Mrs.Zhang,come to New York if you want.,Husbands translation:妈妈，您可一定要来纽约看看。,Mother:不去了，给你们添麻烦。,Husbands translation:Oh,it depends on the,physical condition.,e.g.,19,Susan:Yes,oh thanks for your delicious food,I like them very much.,Husbands translation:谢谢妈妈给我们做了那么多好吃的。,Mother:自家人谢什么，苏珊，你以后可不要再减肥了，身体健康才最重要哪！,Husbands translation:Its my pleasure,Susan,I hope you become even more beautiful.,Susan:Thank you!The same to you.,Husbands translation:谢谢妈妈，我祝您身体健康。,Mother:谢谢，谢谢。,Susan:Yes,oh thanks for your,20,Pacing and pausing,How fast does one speak,How long does one wait following another speakers utterance,before concluding the other has no more to say?,Even being married is no proof against mutual misinterpretation.,Pacing and pausingHow fast doe,21,case,Today we have many interesting things,we climbing hill,playing,Its so boring,caseToday we have many interes,22,Listening,Another level of processing in conversation that is automatic and taken for granted is listening.One way is through gaze.,White participants maintained eye contact when listening and frequently broke their gaze when speaking.,Blacks did the opposite.,ListeningAnother level of proc,23,Indirectness,Communication in any culture is a matter of indi