石油钻井设备与工具-ppt课件

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,连续油管钻井技术,连续油管钻井技术,连续油管亦称挠性油管、盘管。连续油管钻井技术是,90,年代国 外大力研究和发展的热门钻井技术之一。,1991,年，,ELF,公司首次使用新研制的连续油管在巴黎盆地钻井取得成功，并证实了它的可行性。,一、连 续 油 管 钻 井 技 术简介,连续油管亦称挠性油管、盘管。连续油管钻井技术是90,1,、地面设备 地面设备主要包括连续油管作业机及有关设备、循环系统和井控系统。,连续油管作业机组成部分,连续油管（,CT,）连续油管即工作管柱，是一种连续的高强度、高韧性的钢管，缠绕在滚筒上。在连续油管钻井作业中，适合采用外径大于,44.45mm,（,1,3,/,4,in,）连续油管。,1、地面设备 地面设备主要包括连续油管作业机及有关设备、循,滚筒 液压马达使连续油管保持一定的拉力紧紧地缠绕在滚筒上，或将连续油管送入井下。滚筒上的匀绕机构和计数装置，可以使连续油管均匀地缠绕并测量出管子的长度。,连续油管注入头 连续油管注入头主要用来为连续油管下入井内提供推力，并控制连续油管下入速度，承载悬空连续油管的全部重量。,滚筒 液压马达使连续油管保持一定的拉力紧紧地缠绕在滚筒上，,液压动力系统 液压动力系统的功能是，为连续油 管作业提供液压控制和操作动力。,控制台 由各种开关和仪表组成，用于监测并操纵连续油管钻井作业。,循环系统：泥浆泵通过滚筒向连续油管内注入、循环。,井控系统：连续油管防喷器组。,连续油管钻井技术,液压动力系统 液压动力系统的功能是，为连续油 管作业,2,、底部钻具组合（,BHA,）,连续油管连接器,紧急分离工具：钻井过程中，钻具遇卡时该工具可使连续油管与下部钻具分离，并使液压和电力通讯安全切断。,多路传输接头：实现井下与地面的数据传送。,定向工具：定向工具具有在地面控制定向和实时测得井下数据的能力。,2、底部钻具组合（BHA）连续油管连接器,助推器,循环阀,导向工具,马达：主要作用是使钻头产生旋转。,钻头,助推器,3,、连续油管钻井对小直径浅直井、定向井和水平井都适合。其应用范围包括：新的浅直井、定向井和水平井，老井加深、侧钻，过油管钻井，产层取心以及完井钻井等。连续油管钻井的另一个用途是欠平衡钻井，而且在此领域有着巨大的潜在市场。,3、连续油管钻井对小直径浅直井、定向井和水平井都适合。其,4,、用连续油管钻机进行钻井的最大优点是井控安全，操作简便灵活，不接单根，不必压井就可以进行换钻头和起下钻作业。连续油管钻井深度目前已达到,3000m,左右，过油管侧钻的深度已达到,5000m,。,目前在美国,Alberta,南部地区，用连续油管钻机钻井的数量已占该地区所有开钻井数量的,10%,以上。北海油田用连续钻机钻井更为普遍。,4、用连续油管钻机进行钻井的最大优点是井控安全，操作简便,二、连续油管系统简介,装备的组成：,油管滚筒,动力装置,油管注入装置,控制室,井控装置,二、连续油管系统简介装备的组成：,油管滚筒,Transport pipe,Store pipe,Continuous gas/fluid pumping,Maintain pipe tension,油管滚筒Transport pipe,石油钻井设备与工具-ppt课件,动力装置,-Hydraulics,Conventional units hydraulic powered,2 systems-static and dynamic,BOP and stripper use static pressure and accumulator,Injector and reel require pressure and flowrate,Small electric units exist,Future designs electric or electric over hydraulic,动力装置-HydraulicsConventional,CTU Power Pack,CTU Power Pack,连续油管注入头,连续油管注入头,Coiled tubing injector head,Inside tension,Outside tension,Load cells,Stuffing box,Coiled tubing injector headIns,注入装置的类型,35,000 lb,15,000 lb,2”,1”,HR635,80,000 lb,40,000 lb,3”,1”,HR580,60,000 lb,26,000 lb,2”,1”,HR560,100,000 lb,50,000 lb,3”,1”,HR5100,60,000 lb,20,000 lb,2”,1”,HR440,Max Pull,Max Snub,Max pipe,Min pipe,Model,注入装置的类型35,000 lb15,000 lb2”1,Stuffing box,Stuffing box,Dynamic seal around coiled tubing,Compressed to seal by well pressure and hydraulic pressure to seal,Self lubricating polymers,Change while CT in wellbore,Intended to wear&be replaced,CT Stuffing Box,Dynamic seal around coiled tub,控制室,控制室,CTU Control Cabin,CTU Control Cabin,井控系统,Blind,Shear,Pipe,Slip,井控系统BlindShearPipeSlip,4”,Coiled Tubing Evolution,1/2”,12.7 mm,3/4”,19.1 mm,1”,25.4 mm,1 1/4”,31.8 mm,1 1/2”,38.1 mm,1 3/4”,44.5 mm,2”,50.8 mm,2 3/8”,60.3 mm,2 7/8”,73.0 mm,3 1/2”,88.9 mm,Wall Sizes,0.080”,0.087”,0.095”,0.102”,0.109”,0.125”,0.134”,0.156”,0.175”,0.188”,0.203”,0.225”,0.250”,CT Size Issues,Pump/Circulation Rates,Annular Flow Friction,Force Conditions,Fatigue Life,Cost,CT Size Issues,Mobilization&Handling,Equipment:,-Injector chains,-goose-neck rollers,-stripper rubbers,and bushings,-BOP components,4”Coiled Tubing Evolution1/,Main components,Injector head,BOPs,Control cabin,Reel,Power pack,Main componentsInjector headBO,Control Cab,Reel Unit,Injector,Control CabReel UnitInjector,BOP,Injector,Stripper,Wellhead,Flow T,BOP InjectorStripperWellheadFl,Stabbing Coil Into Injector,Stabbing Coil Into Injector,Depth Measurement,Depth Measurement,Coiled Tubing SandVac Rig Up,Coiled Tubing SandVac Rig Up,North Sea Platform,Where?,North Sea PlatformWhere?,CT drilling Rig Up,What?,CT drilling Rig UpWhat?,Pumping/displacing,Create under-balance,Create over-balance(kill),Circulate,Flush,.,Pumping/displacingCreate und,Fluid velocity,+,Particle,terminal,velocity,=,Lift velocity,Clean out-vertical,Fluid velocity+Particle=Lift v,RIH to top of fill,Pump fluid at high rates,Wash into fill,Displace fill out of well,Pump rate/velocity critical,Clean out high angle,RIH to top of fillPump fluid a,Acid Stimulation,Well bore flush,Perforation flush,Perforation squeeze,Accurate fluid placement,Avoid bullheading well fluid,Minimize completion corrosion,Minimize iron contamination,.,Acid StimulationWell bore flus,Cementing,Balanced plug,Abandonment,Zonal isolation,Perforation squeeze,Cement whipstock,.,CementingBalanced plug,Fishing,Push,Pull,Hammer up or down,Mill,Circulate fluids,Video,photograph,.,FishingPush,Gas lift,Create under-balance,Initiate natural flow,Differential stuck pipe,Evacuate fluid,.,Nitrogen,Gas liftCreate under-balanceNi,Perforating,Underbalance,Deployment systems,Firing systems,Extreme lengths and weights,.,PerforatingUnderbalance,High angle wells for real time logging(PLT),Depth correlation,Perforating,Treatment monitoring,DUCT directional,Memory logging.?,Stiff Wire Line(SWL),High angle wells for real time,Jetting,Standard,Vortex,RotoJet,Tornado,.,JettingStandard,Correct pack motion,Screen,Gravel pack,RotoPulse,SM,Correct pack motionScreenGrave,Underreaming cutting,Scale/debris removal,Cement removal,Tail pipe cutting,Abandonment,.,Underreaming cuttingScale/de