初中英语宾语从句完全攻略课件

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,#,语法专项复习,Object Clause,宾语从句,语法专项复习Object Clause,1,1.I know him.（简单句）,2.I know who he is.(复合句),_ _ _,主语 谓语 宾语,_ _ _ _ _,主语 谓语 关联词 从句主语 从句谓语,主句 宾语从句,1.I know him.（简单句）2.I,2,一、宾语从句的概念,宾语从句即句子作宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。,I like,my teacher,.,（名词作宾语,),I know,him,.,（代词作宾语）,I know,(that),Mr Li teaches English,.,(,句子作宾语）,包含宾语从句的句子结构：,主句,+,连接词（引导词）,+,宾语从句,一、宾语从句的概念 宾语从句即句子作宾语，而不再是一个,3,二、宾语从句三要素,连 接 词,时 态,语 序,二、宾语从句三要素连 接 词时 态语,4,（一）连接词,1.,陈述句：,that,2.,一般疑问句：,whether/if,3.,特殊疑问句：,连接代词,who whom whose what which,连接副词,when why where how,。,（一）连接词1.陈述句：that,5,由从属连词,that,引导的宾语从句,e.g.,I,donnt,hear(that)_.（,一小时后他会回来,）,He said(that)_.（,他非常想念我们）,The teacher told us(that)_.,（,地球围着太阳转）,he will be back in an hour,he missed us very much,the earth moves around the sun,注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时,*当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定或否定），连词由,that,引导，在句中不作成分，无意义。口语或非正式文体中可省略。,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句e.g.he will,6,宾语从句中不能省略that的情况：,1）主从句有插入语时：,It says here,on this sign,that you cant talk loudly.,2）若出现两个及以上宾语从句且有并列连词时：,My uncle said(that)he would come and,that,he would also bring his daughter.,3）当有it 作形式宾语用that 引导时：,He finally found it difficult that he should finish the work by himself.,宾语从句中不能省略that的情况：2）若出现两个及以上宾语从,7,初中英语宾语从句完全攻略课件,8,由从属连词,whether,if,引导的宾语从句,e.g.,1.Ask him _,.（,他是否能来）,2.I dont know _.,（,是否要下雨）,whether(if)he can come,whether it is going to rain or not,当句末为,or not,时，引导词只能用,whether,而不能用,if.,*,当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词,whether或if,引导（口语中常用if），在句中意为,“,是否,”,，有意义，不能省略。,由从属连词whether,if 引导的宾语从句e.g.,9,If,与,whether,的区别,I dont know _ he will come or not.,I dont care of _ he is handsome.,He wondered _ to stay here the next week.,_ he will come is not decided.,与,or not,连用只能用,whether,介词后只能用,whether,与,to do,不定式连用只能用,whether,引导主从或表从只能用,whether,If 与whether 的区别I dont know _,10,1.,He asked _.,(,谁能回答这个问题,）,2.,Do you know_.,（,他们在等谁,）,3.Please tell me _.,（,我们什么时候开会,）,4.Can you tell me _.,（,他在哪儿,）,5.Could you tell me _.,（,我该怎么去车站,）,6.Would you tell me _,（,为什么火车迟到了,）,当宾语从句是,特殊疑问句,时，由连接代词,what,whom,whose,which,what,及连接副词,when,where,how,why,引导的宾语从句,when well have a meeting,where he is,how I can get to the station,why the train is late,who could answer the question,whom they are waiting for,1.He asked _,11,带,how,的词组也都可以引导宾语从句：,*Please tell us,how soon,you will be ready.,*Could you tell us,how often,you go abroad for,a holiday?,*Would you tell us,how long,the meeting will last?,*I dont know,how far,it is to the cinema.,注意：这里could/would是委婉语气，而不是过去。从句时态视情况而定。,带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句：*Please tell,12,（二）语序：陈述句语序,1.She wants to know if,there is,a bank near here.,2.He asked what,they are,doing.,即：陈述句结构（主,+,谓,+,其他成分),1.,Is there,a bank near here?,She wants to know.,2.,What,Are they,doing?,He asked.,（二）语序：陈述句语序 1.She wants to,13,（,三）,时态,(,时态一致性）,1.,如果主句的时态是,一般现在时,，宾语从 句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是,_,_,_,_,时态,。,I don,t think(that)you,are,right.Please tell us where we,ll go,fishing tomorrow.,Do you know when Mr.Smith,moved,here?,任 何,（三）时态(时态一致性）任 何,14,过去,2.,如果主句的时态是,一般过去时,，宾语从句只能用相应的,_,时态,（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如,：,He,told,me that he,was born in,Beijing in 1992.,He,said,that he,would go,back to the U.S.soon.,She,said,that she,was doing,exercises at 8:00,Tom,said,he,had eaten,lunch just now.,过去2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的_,15,3.,如果宾语从句所陈述的是,客观真理,定义、定理，公理,，即使主句用了,过去时,，从句仍用,_,时态。,例如：,The teacher,said,that the earth,moves,around the sun.,Mr.Hu,have told,us that A friend in need,is,a friend indeed.,一般现在,3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,定义、定理，公理，即使,16,四、否定转移,在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的,主语为第一人称,，谓,语动词是,think,，,believe,guess,suppose,等时，,要将从句的否定,词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动,词用肯定式。,eg:(,1,)I dont think he will come with you.,注意：这种句子在其后接附加问句时，要特别小心。,eg:(,2,),I,dont believe he has finished the work,_?,(,3,),He,knew why Jim wasnt at school,_?,解析：例2，当主句的主语为第一人称时，附加问句的主语由宾,语从句的主语充当。,例3，如果主句的主语非第一人称时，则附加问句的主语,由主句的主语充当。,has he,didnt he,四、否定转移has hedidnt he,17,五、复合句：（连接词+宾语从句）,简单句：（连接词+to do sth）,*I dont know,what I should do,next.,*she didnt decide,which one she could choose.,*Can you tell me,how I can get to the station,?,*He doesnt know,when he will leave,.,I dont know,what to do,next.,She didnt decide,which one to choose,.,Can you tell me,how to get,to the station?,He doesnt know,when to leave,.,五、复合句：（连接词+宾语从句）简单句：（连接词,18,六、直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,陈述句变为引导的宾语从句,e.g.,1.He said,“You are younger than I”.,2.He says,“Tom is a good student”.,He said that I was younger than him.,He says that Tom is a good student.,六、直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系陈述句变为引导的宾语从,19,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,一般疑问句变为,if(whether),引导的宾语从句,e.g.,She said,“Do you often come here to read newspaper?”,“Will they go to visit the Great Wall?”he asked.,She asked if(whether)I often came here to read newspaper.,He asked if(whether)they would go visit the Great Wall.,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系一般疑问句变为if(wh,20,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,特殊疑问句变为,who,what,when,等引导的宾语从句,e.g.,1.He asked,“,Where do you live?,”,2.,“,How can we get to the post-office?,”,he asked.,He asked where I lived.,He asked how they could get to the post-office.,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系特殊疑问句变为who,w,21,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,1,、,当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时