初中英语动词的时态和被动语态

动 词 的 时 态形间 过 去过 去 将 来现 在将 来一 般进 行完 成完 成 进 行The tenses of the verb at 8:00 yesterday , when the bell rang,between 5:00 and 8:00 last Sunday关 健 字 2. They were having fun these days.1.What was he doing when the UFO arrived? 结 构 定 义进 行 关 健 字 2.At the age of five I swam well.1.Last year my English class was difficult. 结 构 定 义一 般 过 去 时 间形 态 S +was / wereS + V过 去 时 S + wasnt / werent Was / Were + S ?ago,last,in 1992,this morning,yesterday,once,one day,when I was young, at the age of 具 体 时 间 或 地 点 (at the cinema)表 示 过 去 经 常 性 的 或 一 次 性 的 状 态 或 动 作 。 （ 强 调 发 生 的 时间 或 地 点 ）表 示 过 去 某 时 刻 或 某 阶 段 正 在 发 生 的 动 作 。waswereS+ doing S + wasnt / werent doingWas / Were +S +doing ?S+didnt +V原 Didnt +S + V原完 成 定 义结 构关 健 字 表 示 过 去 某 时 间 或 某 动 作 以 前 发 生 的 动 作 。by the time I came back,by the end of last term,when I got to the station,before he went to bedI realized I had left my purse at home when I reached the count.S+had+V过 去 分 词 S+hadnt+V过 去 分 词 Had+S+V过 去 分 词be V 1. -Your father is quite a good swimmer. -Sure, he is. He often _when he was young. A. swims B. swam C. swum2. He was still working on his project while other people _ a rest. A. were having B. are having C. will have D. Have3. When my father got home, I _an e-mail to my friend. A. am sending B. sent C. was sending4. By the end of last year,we _more than 2,000 words. A. learned B. have learned C. had learned5. -When_your mother _you that blue dress, Mary? -Sorry, I really cant remember. A. does, buy B. has bought C. had bought D. did buy 现 在一 般 定 义结 构关 健 字进 行 定 义结 构关 健 字 完 成 定 义结 构关 健 字 S +am / is / areS + V原 /三 单表 示 现 在 经 常 发 生 的 动 作 或 存 在 的 事 实 或 状 态 。1. I am in good health now .2. He gets up at 6 in the morning.often,usually,sometimes,always,never,seldom,every,at times once a week,in the morning ,now,自 然 现 象 ， 性 格 ， 节 假 日 ， 谚 语amIsareS+ doing表 示 说 话 的 此 刻 或 某 阶 段 正 在 发 生 的 动 作 。1. We are surfing the Internet at the moment.2. I am reading while he is sending an e-mail.now,look,listen.these days,at the moment,all thetime, while,wheres he? Its 8 oclock.祈 使 句+V过 去 分 词S+havehasalready, yet, just, (never)before, ever, so far, two timessince, for, in the last / past few years，1. Prison Break is the best American TVplay that I have watched these years.S + am not / isnt / arent Am / Is / Are+ S ?S+dont/doesnt +V原 Do/Does +S + V原 ?S + am not / isnt /arent+ doingAm /Is/ Are +S +doing ?1。 表 示 发 生 在 过 去 到 现 在 完 成 并 影 响 现 在 的 动 作2。 表 示 发 生 在 过 去 并 延 续 到 现 在 可 能 延 续 下 去 的 动 作 。2.Great places have taken place in my hometown in the past few years.S+havent/ hasnt+V过 去 分 词Have/has+S+V过 去 分 词have been doi g 现 在 完 成 进 行 时 类似 于 第 二 种 可 延 续 性 的 现 在 完 成 时 常 用 于 时 间 或 条 件 状 语 从 句 中 表 达 将 来 时 间形 态 非 延 续 性 动 词 延 续 性 动 词 close be closedopen be openwake be awakesleep be asleepdie be deadmarry be marriedlose be lost / missingfall ill be illfinish be over get up be upcome/get back/return be back leave be away (from)come/arrive/reach/get here/there be here /there 非 延 续 性 动 词 延 续 性 动 词 put on be on come/go to be at/in+地 点arrive/reach/get to be at/in+地 点join be in/a member ofbegin/start be on buy haveget to know know borrow / lend keep catch a cold have a cold have been tohave gone to曾 经 去 过 （ 主 语 人 在 ） 已 经 去 了 （ 主 语 人 不 在 ）-I cant find you these days.Where have you been?-I have been to the Palace Museum,I think the museum is the most beautiful museum I have visited,so I told Jim about it when I got back,you see, he has gone there,he will come back in 7 days. Beef noodels are sold in the restaurant.销 售 ， 卖 自 然 现 象畅 销 ， 销 路 好1. Beef noodels in Lanzhou tastes the best in China and_ A. are sold well B. sell well C. sell good D. are sold good 2. The teacher said that light_much faster than sound. A. had traveled B. traveled C. traveles D. is traveling3. The zoo keeper is worried because the number of visitors _ smaller and smaller. A. become B. became C. is becoming D. have become 4. _many students in China ever_to a westerner before? A. are speaking B. Do speak C. Did speak D. Have spoken 5. Helen loves to talk about travel ,she _many places. A. has gone to B. has been to C. has gone for D. has been from6. Prison Break is the best American TV play that I _ these years. A. watch B. will watch C. have watched D. was watching 7. It_outside. Youd better take an umbrella with you. A. rains B. is raining C. rained D. has rained 8. Dont make any noise in the hallways. The students_classes. A. have B. are having C. had D. were having9. Mr Green wont leave here until his wife _back tomorrow. A. come B. came C. comes D. will come10. I ll go for a walk with you if it_tomorrow. A. wont rain B. doesnt rain C. will rain D. not rains11.-Sorry, I _your letter, -Never mind, I will do it myself after school. A. didnt post B. dont post C. hadnt posted D. havent posted12.Miss Gao isnt here. She _to the bus station to meet Mr Brown. A. go B. has gone C. has been D. would go13.-_did your uncle leave his hometown? -He_for nearly twenty years. A. When , has left B. When , has been away C. How long ,has left D. How long ,has been away14. - Where is your sister? Has she_to London to study English? - Yes, she_there for two months. A. been ,has been B. gone,has been C. gone,has gone 将 来 一 般 定 义结 构关 健 字过 去 定 义结 构 关 健 字 S+will+be / V 原S+would+be/V 原S+am/is/are+going to +be/V原S+was/were+going to +be/V原tomorrow,next.this,later on,soon.in 10 years,at once,right now ,grow up, in the future ,after+点 时 间 ， 当 时 间 或 条 件 从 句 为 一 般 现在 时 用 于 主 句 。the next,用 于 主 句 为 过 去 时 的 宾 语 从 句 中 ， 表 示 发 生 在 主 句 动 作之 后 。 I will fix up my desk after class.What are you going to be when you grow up?There will be less pollution in the future.He said he would learn it by himself.表 示 发 生 在 过 去 的 某 时 间 或 某 动 作 之 后 的 动 作 。 表 示 发 生 在 未 来 的 某 时 间 或 某 动 作 之 后 的 动 作 。There is/are going to beThere will be S+ wont +be/ V原Am/Is/Are S+ going to+ be/V原There wont be Will there beS+am not/isnt/arent+going to +be/V原Will+S+be / V 原表 将 来 的 其 它 结 构 ： Be to do Be about to do Be doing表 位 置 移 动 的 动 词 常 用 进 行 时 表 将 来 ， 如 come,go ,start,leave,fly.stay,arrive等 。某 些 表 爱 憎 ， 心 理 等 的 词 无 进 行 时 ， 如 know,like love hate,want ,remember,forgethave,kear,think,wish,own等 。She told me her sister was going to visit her the next month. 1. -Why are you in such a hurry,Mike? -There _ an NBA basketball game in ten minutes. A. will have B. will be C. is going to have D. are going to The passive voice 被 动 语 态肯 定 否 定 / 疑 问 关 健 字 S+am/is/are +V过 去 分 词S+was/were +V过 去 分 词S+will be +V 过 去 分 词S+情 +be +V过 去 分 词 S+be+not +V过 去 分 词S+wont be +V过 去 分 词S+情 +not+be +V过 去 分 词Be + S +V过 去 分 词Will+S+ be +V过 去 分 词情 + S+be +V过 去 分 词S+be +V过 去 分 词 by 被 含 义 上主 谓 之 间 为动 宾 关 系Potatoe Chips were invented by accident.系 动 词无 被 动一 般现 在 时一 般过 去 时一 般将 来 时含 情 态动 词 的 1. - But where are the books ? -Dont worry, they _here next Friday. A. have sent B. will be sent C. are sending D. have been sent2. Many houses_in the big fire a few days ago. W hat a shame! A. were damaged B. damage C. were damaging D. damaged3. Waster paper shouldnt _everywhere. Its our duty to keep our city clean. A. be thrown B. throw C. Is thrown D. are thrown4. -Do you often plant trees in spring? -Yes. Many trees _in our school every year. A. plant B. are planting C. are planted5. -Did you go to Jims birthday party? - No, I _. A. havent invited B. didnt invite C. am not invited D. wasnt invited6. -Can you tell me where the students of Class 2 are? -They_reading the book on Scientific Outlook on Development just now. A. will find B. have found C. were found D found -Do you like the shirt? -Yes. It _very soft. A. Is feeling B. feels C. Is felt Thanks for listening!