2021高一英语寒假作业同步练习题：强调句

2021高一英语寒假作业同步练习题：强调句1When he was thinking over the plan, a new idea f_ in his mind. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】flashed【详解】考查时态。句意：当他考虑这个计划时，一个新的想法浮现在他的脑海里。根据句意，该空意为“浮现（闪现）”，结合首字母，动词flash意为“浮现（闪现）”，分析句子可知，设空处是主句谓语动词，再根据从句中谓语was thinking可知，该句阐述过去的事实，因此，主句谓语动词用一般过去时flashed。故填flashed。2E_ students are usually students who spend a few weeks or a year in a foreign country. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】Exchange【详解】考查名词。句意：交换生通常是在外国待上几周或一年的学生。固定搭配exchange student(交换生)，用名词exchange，首字母大写。故填Exchange。3As a group, f_ performed better in the test than males. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】females【详解】考查名词。句意：作为一个整体，女性在测试中比男性表现更好。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用名词female，此处与males形成对比，也应使用复数形式。故填females。4I live on c_ now, but I plan to move to an apartment outside school next month. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】campus【详解】考查名词。句意：我现在住在校园内，但我打算下个月搬进学校外的公寓。根据单词首字母以及句意“校园”以及前面的on 可知，应填名词campus，on campus表示“在校园内”。故填campus。5Oh dear! How can you leave _ such important information? （用适当的单词填空）【答案】out【详解】考查固定短语。句意：天哪！你怎么可以遗漏掉这么重要的信息？根据句意及空格前的动词leave可知，此处表“遗漏了重要信息”，词组leave out 意为“遗漏”。故填out。6Why dont you just mind your own business and leave me _?（用适当的单词填空）【答案】alone【详解】考查固定短语。句意：你为什么不少管闲事，不要打扰我？根据句意可知，句中and 前面部分是“让你少管闲事”，所以and后面的意思是“不要打扰我”，固定短语leave alone意思为“不打扰；不干涉”。故填alone。7Mr. Black was old, but able to respond quickly _ changes in technology. （用适当的单词填空）【答案】to【详解】考查固定短语。句意：布莱克殷先生虽然老了，但是他能够对技术的改变做出快速反应。根据句意及句中动词respond可知，此处指“他能够对技术的改变做出快速反应”，固定短语respond to sth意思是“对什么做出反应”。故填to。8He could follow his own leads and set up his own _ (目标). (根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】goals【详解】考查名词。句意：他可以跟随自己的脚步，设定自己的目标。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词goal，自己的目标不止一个，应使用名词复数形式。故填goals。9When you _ forty _ fifty, you can get ninety. （用适当的单词填空）【答案】add to 【详解】考查短语和时态。句意：40加50等于90。根据句意可知，此处应用短语add.to.“把.加在.上”，add是从句谓语动词，本句陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是you，故谓语动词用原形。故填addto。10How many students have _(登记) for English classes? （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】registered【详解】考查动词。句意：有多少学生注册上英语课？根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词register，由空前have可知，此处为用现在完成时，应用动词的过去分词。故填registered。11I will listen to a(n) _(讲座) in the afternoon, so I cant go to the bookstore with you. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】lecture【详解】考查名词。句意：我下午要听一个讲座，所以我不能和你去书店了。根据汉语提示及句意可知，此处使用名词lecture，不定冠词a后接单数名词，作动词listen to的宾语。故填lecture。12Im going to use this tour of going abroad to _(探索) the history of the old Pyramid.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】explore【详解】考查动词。句意：我打算利用这次出国旅行来探索古金字塔的历史。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词explore，空前to是不定式符号，应使用动词原形。故填explore。13Jenny is an _(外向的) girl and has many friends. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】outgoing【详解】考查形容词。句意：珍妮是一个外向的女孩，她有很多朋友。修饰名词girl作定语，用形容词形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填outgoing。14You should wear your _(正式的) dress tomorrow. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】formal【详解】考查形容词。句意：你明天应该穿正装。该空修饰名词dress，作定语，用形容词，根据句意和汉语提示，可推出是formal，所以填formal。15We had better ask our teachers or classmates for advice on how to _(提高，改善) our writing. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】improve【详解】考查动词。句意：我们最好向老师或同学请教如何提高我们的写作水平。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词improve，空前to为不定式符号，应使用动词原形。故填improve。16After the_(实验), everything is put in order in the cupboard.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】experiment【详解】考查名词。句意：实验结束后，橱柜里的所有东西都摆放得整整齐齐。根据汉语提示“实验”以及after the可知，此处应填名词作宾语，结合句子意思，此处表示一次实验过后，故填experiment。17Children are always _(好奇的) about everything they see and hear. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】curious【详解】考查形容词。句意：孩子们总是对他们的所见所闻感到好奇。根据汉语提示“好奇的”以及前面的are可知，此处应填形容词作表语。故填curious。18The company needs good marketing _(策略) to sell their products. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】strategies【详解】考查名词的数。句意：这家公司需要好的营销策略来销售他们的产品。根据汉语提示“策略”可知应填名词strategy，作宾语，且strategy为可数名词，前文没有冠词，故应用复数形式。故填strategies。19You have to keep working toward your _(目标).（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】goal【详解】考查名词。句意：你必须朝着你的目标继续努力。根据汉语提示“目标”，可知应填名词goal，作宾语，结合语境此处指总体目标，用单数。故填goal。20Many women do better in work than their _(男的) office colleagues. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】male【详解】考查形容词。句意：许多女性在工作中比男性同事做得更好。根据汉语提示“男的”，以及下文office colleagues可知此处应填形容词作定语，应填形容词male。故填male。语法专题（强调句）强调句型的构成是：Itis(was) + 被强调部分+that(who) + 句子的其他成分。被强调的部分放在Itis(was) 之后，其它部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，可以由who代替that。1. 被强调的成分举例：原句：Tomfoundmypenintheclassroomyesterday.强调主语：ItwasTomwho/thatfoundmypenintheclassroomyesterday.强调宾语：ItwasmypenthatTomfoundintheclassroomyesterday.强调地点状语：ItwasintheclassroomthatTomfoundmypenyesterday.强调时间状语：ItwasyesterdaythatTomfoundmypenintheclassroom.2. 强调句型的一般疑问式：直接把is或was提到it之前即可。如：WasitTomthatfoundyourpenintheclassroomyesterday?3. 强调句型的特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+is(was)it+that+句子的其他成分。特殊疑问词即是被强调的成分。如：Whowasitthatfoundyourpenintheclassroomyesterday?4.that(who) 有时可以省略：这种强调句型中的that或who有时可以省略。如：Itwasmybrother(that/whom)yousawtheotherday.5. 强调原因状语从句要注意：若从句由as或since引导，强调时则改为because，这是因为，because引导的原因从句表示的意义非常强烈，符合强调句的目的。例如：Asshegotuplate,shemissedthefirstbus. 变为：Itwasbecauseshegotuplatethatshemissedthebus.6. 强调句的否定转移：有些否定句在变成强调句时，要把否定转移到被强调的词语之前。尤其是not.until.;句式的强调要特别注意。例如：Hedidntrealizehismistakeuntiltheteacherhadtoldhim. 变为：Itwasntuntiltheteacherhadtoldhimthatherealizedhismistake.【注意】 在强调句式中，虽然not被提前，但not.until.句型不要倒装。高考中强调句型考查热点练习题：21It is along these waterways _rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces.AthatBwhichCwhenDwho【答案】A【详解】考查强调句。句意：雨水就是沿着这些水道流下山，流到梯田里的。分析句子结构可知此处为强调句结构“It is/ was + 被强调部分+ that+ 其它”，被强调部分为人时，that可替换为who，此处被强调部分为along these waterways，应用that。故选A。22It was _ the old clock that the old man spent the whole morning at home.ArepairingBrepairedCto repairDin repair【答案】A【详解】考查固定短语。句意：老人整个上午都待在家里，就是在修理旧钟。分析句子结构可知此处为强调句结构“it is/was+被强调部分+that+其他”，且根据短语spend time (in) doing sth.，可知此处应用repairing，被强调部分为repairing the old clock。故选A。23It was what he meant rather than what he said _ annoyed me.AwhichBasCwhatDthat【答案】D【详解】考查强调句。 句意：使我恼火的是他的意思而不是他的话。 分析句子结构可知，这是一个强调句，what he meant rather than what he said是被强调部分。故选D项。24Who was it _ saved the drowning girl?Asince Bas Cthat Dhe【答案】C【详解】考查强调句。句意：是谁救了这个溺水女孩？分析句子结构，把 was it 和该空去掉，该句结构完整，语义清晰，所以判断该句为强调句，被强调部分为 who，是强调句的特殊疑问句，强调句的特殊疑问句是：特殊疑问词 + is/was + it that.故选C项。25What is it _ his daughter needs most?Awhat Bwhich Cthat Dif【答案】C【详解】考查强调句。句意：他女儿最需要什么？ 强调结构句,被强调的就是疑问词What。 强调句句型：It is +被强调部分+ that-从句。 从上述句型可见,后面该用that引出从句，故选C项。26Fanny asked _ made that oddlooking little cat so popular.Awhat was it thatBwat was thatCwhat it was thatDwhat that was【答案】C【详解】考查宾语从句和强调句。句意：他想知道是什么使她在最后一刻改变了主意。根据句意，他想知道是什么使她在最后一刻改变了主意。分析句子可知，空格处引导宾语从句作 asked的宾语，从句中缺少表语，所以应用 what 引导。又因为从句中包含一个强调句，所以应用 “it is (was) . that + 其他” 的结构，强调宾语从句的主语 what，故此处应为 what it was that。故正确答案为C。27Was it during the Second World War _he died?AwhereBthenCthatDwhile【答案】C【详解】考查it强调句。句意：他是在二战期间去世的吗？去掉was it和空格之后句子仍然完整，强调的是介词短语during the Second World War ，所以这是it 强调句，故选C。28Where was _ you met with the famous scientist?Ait thatBitCthe placeDthere【答案】A【详解】考查强调句。句意：你是在哪里遇见那位著名的科学家的?分析题意，根据强调句的特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词+be+it+that+其他可知，本题符合强调句的特殊疑问句结构。故选A项。29It was _before I arrived at the cottage the little boy was seized by a stranger of average build.Ashort; whenBonly; whileCshortly; thatDjust; which【答案】C【详解】考查副词和强调句型。句意：在我到达小屋前不久，这个小男孩就被一个中等身材的陌生人抓住了。shortly before.“ 在.之前不久”；just before.“就在.之前”；only before.“只有在.之前”。且去掉it was和第二个空格后，仍然是一句完整的话，满足强调句的结构，所以第二个空填that。两空结合，故选C。30I wonder when it was_you came to realize _his words meant.Athat; whatBwhat; thatCwhat; whatDthat; which【答案】A【详解】考查强调句及宾语从句。句意：我想知道究竟是什么时候你意识到他所说的话的真正意思是什么。本句是一个多重复合句。I wonder后是when引导的强调句式的特殊疑问句，可以复原为“It was (when) that you came to realize”以协助理解，所以空一用强调句的引导词that；及物动词realize后接宾语从句，该从句中动词meant后的宾语缺失，即空二应填入能充当meant宾语的疑问词来引导宾语从句，结构为meant sth.(what)，故what正确。故选A。阅读理解（应用文）Knowing how to communicate well needs very personal attention between you and another person, we should face it. Is there a better way to learn how to communicate successfully? Yes, there is. Please follow the basic steps below.Relax and breathe.Whether its a business meeting or a first date, the first thing you must do in order to communicate is to relax.When you relax, you are in control. You control your reactions(反应) and your reactions do not control you. Breathing is central to relaxation. Take a few deep breaths and your body will begin to be more relaxed. This will help you apply what you have already known about how to communicate well.Think and you will be prepared.Have you heard the old saying “Think before you speak.”? Well, it is true. By thinking ahead about how the conversation might flow(流畅), you will be better prepared, more relaxed and more confident.Follow the flow of the conversation.If you are uncomfortable, being silent will only make it worse and make the other person uncomfortable as well. So when all else fails, you should follow through with small talk until a common topic appears.A good way to keep a conversation going is to ask the other person questions. People love to talk about themselves and if you do this, they will keep the conversation going, thinking very highly of you. Learning good communication skills is not something out of reach. If you make an effort, you will succeed.31If you want to communicate successfully, what should you do first?AFollow the conversation.BRelax yourself fully.CTake as many breaths as possible.DPrepare the conversation well.32According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?ARelaxation will not help you control your reactions.BYou will control the conversation by thinking hard.CSilence will make the other person feel comfortable.DAsking questions will keep a conversation going better.33Whats the meaning of the underlined sentence “Learning good communication skills is not something out of reach.”?AYou will be good at communication if you reach out your hand.BGood communication skills can be learned if you try.CNot all people can learn good communication skills.DCommunication skills can be improved easily.34What is the best title of the passage?AHow to Begin a ConversationBRelaxation and ConversationCHow to Communicate WellDPersonal Communication【答案】31B32D33B34C【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何更成功地和其他人沟通交流的几点建议。31细节理解题。根据Relax and breathe部分“Whether its a business meeting or a first date, the first thing you must do in order to communicate is to relax.”可知无论是商务会议还是初次约会，为了交流你必须做的第一件事就是放松。即如果想成功交流，作者建议我们首先完全放松自己。故选B。32细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“A good way to keep a conversation going is to ask the other person questions.”可知让对话继续下去的一个好方法就是向对方提问，D选项描述正确。故选D。33词句猜测题。根据划线句的下文“If you make an effort, you will succeed.”如果你努力，你会成功的。“out of reach”是“够不着，遥不可及”之意，可知划线句子的意思是“学习良好的沟通技巧并不是遥不可及的”，即如果你尝试的话，你可以学会良好的沟通技巧。故选B。34主旨大意题。文中第一段中的“Is there a better way to learn how to communicate successfully?”（有没有更好的方法来学习如何成功地沟通）是本文的主旨句。下文给了三点建议，最后总结和鼓励我们尝试。通读原文可知，本文主要谈论的是如何更成功地和其他人沟通交流。“如何更好地沟通”最适合作文章标题。故选C。写作（翻译）35那个和Amy在谈论的妇女是一个老师。（汉译英）_36他是一个著名的工程师。（汉译英）_37我发现看小说很有趣。(novel) （汉译英）_38我发现一只小鸟在树上唱歌。（汉译英）_39要是没人和我说话怎么办呢？（汉译英）_35那个和Amy在谈论的妇女是一个老师。（汉译英）【答案】The woman who is talking to Amy is a teacher.【详解】考查时态、短语和定语从句。此处为定语从句修饰先行词woman，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用关系代词who引导，表示“和某人谈话”短语为talk to sb.，结合语境从句应用现在进行时；主句陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为The woman who is talking to Amy is a teacher.36他是一个著名的工程师。（汉译英）【答案】He is a famous engineer.【详解】考查主系表结构和时态。语境表明陈述的是客观情况，用一般现在时。表示“他”用he；表示“是”用is；表示“一个”用冠词a；表示“著名的”用famous；表示“工程师”用engineer；结合主系表的句式结构，故翻译为：He is a famous engineer.37我发现看小说很有趣。(novel) （汉译英）【答案】 I find （that）reading novels is very interesting.【详解】考查宾语从句。根据汉语提示，本句结构为“主语+ 谓语+ 宾语”的句式。表示“我”用I；find表示“发现”，语境表明陈述的是客观情况，所以用一般现在时；“看小说很有趣”是经常性的行为，用动名词短语做主语；句式结构用“主+系动词+ 表”，所以用reading novels is interesting，在句中作动词“find”的宾语，因为宾语，即“主+系动词+ 表”句式成分结构齐全，所以使用从属连词that连接，that也可以省略。故可以翻译为： I find （that）reading novels is very interesting.38我发现一只小鸟在树上唱歌。（汉译英）【答案】I found a bird singing in the tree.【详解】考查基本句式、一般过去时和现在分词做补语。根据汉语提示，可知本句为基本句式：主语+谓语+宾语+ 补语；表示“我”用I；表示“发现”，结合句意，可知动作表示发生过的，所以时态用一般过去时，所以用found；表示“一只小鸟”，用a bird；表示“在树上”，小鸟不是树上本有的东西，所以用in the tree；表示“在唱歌”，本句用到了“find + 宾语 +补语”的结构，根据句意可知，“唱歌”和“发现”的动作同时发生且和小鸟为主谓关系，因为find是谓语，所以“唱歌”动作用非谓语动词的现在分词形式，表示“和宾语为主谓关系，同时表示正在发生的动作”，所以用singing；故可翻译为：I found a bird singing in the tree.39要是没人和我说话怎么办呢？（汉译英）【答案】What if no one talks to me?【详解】考查短语和时态。结合汉语意思表示“要是怎么办”可知短语为what if；表示“和某人谈话”短语为talk to sb.；此处为一般现在时，主语为no one，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为What if no one talks to me?40我是个农民工。（主系表）_41我在远离家乡的大城市工作。（主谓状）_42我学会了一些新技术。（主谓宾）_43我计划周六看望父母。（主谓宾状）_44今天我为他们买了许多礼物。（主谓双宾语）_【答案】40I am a peasant worker.41I am working in a big city far from my hometown.42I have learned some new technology.43I am planning to visit my parents on Saturday.44I bought them a lot of presents today.【解析】40考查句型。根据中文提示，本句为一般现在时；主语是I, 谓语动词是am，表语是a peasant worker，故本句译为：I am a peasant worker.41考查句型和时态。根据中文提示，本句为现在进行时；主语是I，谓语动词是work，在大城市为“in a big city”,远离为“far away from”,再结合其它汉语提示，故本句译为：I am working in a big city far from my hometown.42考查句型和时态。根据中文提示，本句为现在完成时；主语是I，谓语动词为learn，宾语为some new technology，故本句译为：I have learned some new technology.43考查句型和时态。根据中文提示，本句为一般将来时，此处表计划做某事，可用现在进行时表将来;主语是I,谓语为plan to do sth，宾语为my parents，再结合其它汉语提示，故本句译为：I am planning to visit my parents on Saturday.44考查句型和时态。根据中文提示，本句为一般过去时；主语为I，谓语动词是buy，宾语为present，再结合其它汉语提示，故本句译为：I bought them a lot of presents today.