测量地球半径课件

按一下以編輯母片標題樣式,按一下以編輯母片,第二層,第三層,第四層,第五層,*,測量地球半徑,員林國中 李政修老師 分享,測量地球半徑的方法,(,一,),利用不同高度觀測日出或日落之時間差測量地球自轉角度,太陽光,太陽光,h,先利用不同高度測出之秒數求出,:360=,秒數,:86400,再利用三角函數求出地球半徑,R,cos=,R+h,R,問題討論,赤道地區的測量值和高緯度地區的測量值是否相同？,利用日出或日落何者較適當？,台灣地區以哪個地方較適合做此測量？,這個測量需要哪些工具,在同一經度不同緯度的兩地點，測量中午太陽入射角的角度差,測量地球半徑的方法,(,二,),太陽光,2,3,4,1,1=4,3+2=4,3=4-2=1-2,d,R,由,2,R,360,3,=d,可以求地球半徑,R,5=90-1,6=90-2,6-5=90-2 (90-1)=1-2,5,6,我們的決定,採用第二種方法,經由同經度的二地測量正午時太陽的仰角,再由角度差及兩地的距離算出地球半徑,問題討論,這個測量的測量面需不需要絕對水平,如何設計與地面保持垂直之竿子,竿影應在何時標定,在台灣應取哪兩點來測量最適合,兩地的海拔不同是否會影響測量結果,什麼季節較適合做此測量,這個測量需要用到哪些物理原理,平常的練習,平常的練習,平常的練習,平常的練習,員林國中,96,學年度科學展覽地球科學科太陽仰角的測量及應用,編號,日期,時間,地點,1,物高,cm,影長,cm,太陽仰角,地點,2,物高,cm,影長,cm,太陽仰角,角度差,兩地相距,Km,估計地球半徑,1,12,月,4,日,12:59,藍資料夾,48.6,55.4,41.25906315,黃資料夾,45.9,52.5,41.16273858,0.096324569,2,13:10,藍資料夾,48.6,56.9,40.50163616,黃資料夾,45.9,54.4,40.15600031,0.345635849,3,12,月,7,日,13:01,藍資料夾,45.85,53.2,40.75614842,黃資料夾,31.6,37.45,40.15739668,0.598751743,4,13:09,藍資料夾,45,53.6,40.01521511,黃資料夾,31.65,38.39,39.50331165,0.511903461,5,12,月,10,日,12:59,藍資料夾,39.3,44.4,41.51317094,黃資料夾,39.6,46.95,40.14597422,1.36719672,6,13:05,藍資料夾,37.4,44.85,39.82441493,黃資料夾,39.6,48.45,39.26041659,0.563998349,7,12,月,11,日,12:59,藍資料夾,46,54.1,40.37375869,黃資料夾,39.6,46.6,40.35739849,0.016360195,8,13:06,藍資料夾,45.6,55.9,39.20558464,黃資料夾,39.6,47.8,39.64011412,-0.434529477,9,12,月,19,日,13:02,藍資料夾,47.85,55.4,40.81777711,黃資料夾,31.6,37.4,40.19512913,0.622647976,10,12,月,20,日,13:05,藍資料夾,45.3,54.4,39.78484622,黃資料夾,47,50.05,43.19995303,-3.415106811,11,12,月,25,日,12:51,藍資料夾,39,46.45,40.01723983,黃資料夾,49,57.5,40.43677094,-0.419531105,12,12,月,26,日,13:10,藍資料夾,49,59.8,39.33112269,黃資料夾,39,47.5,39.38779744,-0.056674751,13,1,月,10,日,13:00,藍資料夾,39,43.1,42.14107619,黃資料夾,43,47.65,42.06351907,0.077557121,14,1,月,11,日,13:00,藍資料夾,39,42.1,42.81096884,黃資料夾,49,53.5,42.48619049,0.324778348,15,13:20,藍資料夾,62,71.6,40.89000274,黃資料夾,49,56.85,40.75862131,0.131381422,16,平常練習的結果,地點的選擇,以,Google Earth,找出台灣西部地區同一經線且南北距離最長的兩地點,並以,Google Earth,量出兩地距離,第一次測量,時間：,97,年,1,月,22,日中午,地點：,1.,竹南附近,2.,鵝鸞鼻停車場,兩地相距：,306.17,公里,竹南交流道附近至鵝鑾鼻距離,306.17,公里,竹南交流道附近東經,1205104.77”,竹南附近,竹南附近,鵝鑾鼻附近東經,1205104.62”,第二次測量,時間：,97,年,1,月,23,日中午,地點：,1.,雙冬附近,2.,墾丁青年活動中心,兩地相距：,226.43,公里,雙冬附近至墾丁青年活動中心距離,226.43,公里,南投草屯雙冬附近東經,1204757.48”,雙冬附近,墾丁青年活動中心附近東經,1204757.28”,員林國中,96,學年度科學展覽地球科學科太陽仰角的測量及應用,編號,日期,時間,地點,1,物高,cm,影長,cm,太陽仰角,地點,2,物高,cm,影長,cm,太陽仰角,角度差,兩地相距,Km,估計地球半徑,1,1,月,22,日,11:52,鵝鑾鼻,80.9,71,48.73,竹南,53.9,53.1,45.43,3.30,306.17,5314.9,2,1,月,22,日,11:53,鵝鑾鼻,80.9,72.2,48.25,竹南,53.9,53.1,45.43,2.82,306.17,6211.8,3,1,月,22,日,12:07,鵝鑾鼻,80.9,72.85,48.00,竹南,53.9,52.7,45.64,2.35,306.17,7457.8,4,1,月,22,日,12:08,鵝鑾鼻,80.9,72.6,48.10,竹南,53.9,52.5,45.75,2.34,306.17,7492.8,5,1,月,22,日,12:09,鵝鑾鼻,80.9,72.1,48.29,竹南,53.9,52.8,45.59,2.70,306.17,6494.3,6,1,月,22,日,12:10,鵝鑾鼻,80.9,72.5,48.13,竹南,53.9,52.88,45.55,2.59,306.17,6780.9,7,1,月,23,日,11:34,墾丁,80.7,73.4,47.71,雙冬,57.2,55.91,45.65,2.06,226.43,6301.6,8,1,月,23,日,11:35,墾丁,80.7,73.1,47.83,雙冬,57.2,55.66,45.78,2.05,226.43,6337.2,9,1,月,23,日,11:37,墾丁,80.7,72.85,47.93,雙冬,57.2,55.34,45.95,1.98,226.43,6553.1,10,1,月,23,日,11:40,墾丁,80.7,72.5,48.06,雙冬,57.2,55.26,45.99,2.08,226.43,6250.7,11,1,月,23,日,11:43,墾丁,80.7,72.3,48.14,雙冬,57.2,55.11,46.07,2.08,226.43,6248.1,12,1,月,23,日,11:45,墾丁,80.7,72,48.26,雙冬,57.2,54.8,46.23,2.03,226.43,6380.5,13,1,月,23,日,11:47,墾丁,80.7,71.8,48.34,雙冬,57.2,54.71,46.27,2.07,226.43,6281.3,14,1,月,23,日,11:50,墾丁,80.7,71.45,48.48,雙冬,57.2,54.66,46.30,2.18,226.43,5955.9,15,1,月,23,日,11:52,墾丁,80.7,71.4,48.50,雙冬,57.2,54.55,46.36,2.14,226.43,6061.0,16,1,月,23,日,11:54,墾丁,80.7,71.4,48.50,雙冬,57.2,54.5,46.38,2.11,226.43,6136.2,17,1,月,23,日,11:55,墾丁,80.7,71.3,48.54,雙冬,57.2,54.46,46.41,2.13,226.43,6082.0,18,1,月,23,日,11:57,墾丁,80.7,71.1,48.62,雙冬,57.2,54.43,46.42,2.20,226.43,5904.6,19,1,月,23,日,11:58,墾丁,80.7,71.2,48.58,雙冬,57.2,54.4,46.44,2.14,226.43,6058.3,20,1,月,23,日,12:00,墾丁,80.7,71.15,48.60,雙冬,57.2,54.4,46.44,2.16,226.43,6002.3,紀錄者,:,6315.3,利用折線圖找出誤差,兩地影長隨太陽週期成平行排列，影長先增後減，在,12,點,09,分達最小，,以後又增加，表示與入射角度有關。,將誤差值捨去,太陽光微弱使標記物影子不明顯，所以標記不準確,去除誤差數據（紅圈部份）後測得的地球半徑平均為,6367.9km,鵝鑾鼻及竹南太陽仰角變化折線圖,現場佈置,參加的隊伍,評審建議,無關的理論請勿放入例如：海森堡的測不準原理（,Heisenberg uncertainty principle,）,測量應從,11:3012:30,如此才能涵蓋太陽通過子午線的時間。,風力影響應設法克服,心得分享,學生必須非常清楚整個實驗過程,作品說明書才是重點,沒有進入複審，不代表已經出局,謝謝大家,